The French government gives out the Legion of Honour awards, to both French[1] and foreign[2] nationals, based on a recipient's exemplary services rendered to France, or to the causes supported by France. This award is divided into five distinct categories (in ascending order[3]), i.e. three ranks: Knight, Officer, Commander, and two titles: Grand Officer and Grand Cross. Knight is the most common and is awarded for either at least 20 years of public service or acts of military or civil bravery.[3] The rest of the categories have a quota for the number of years of service in the category below before they can be awarded. The Officer rank requires a minimum of eight years as a Knight, and the Commander, the highest civilian category for a non-French citizen, requires a minimum of five years as an Officer. The Grand Officer and the Grand Cross are awarded only to French citizens, and each requires three years' service in their respective immediately lower rank.[4] The awards are traditionally published and promoted on 14 July.[5]
The following is a non-exhaustive list of recipients of the Legion of Honour awards, since the first ceremony in May 1803.[3] 2,550 individuals can be awarded the insignia every year.[5] The total number of awards is close to 1 million[6] (estimated at 900,000 in 2021,[5] including over 3,000 Grand Cross recipients[7]), with some 92,000 recipients alive today.[8] Only until 2008 was gender parity achieved amongst the yearly list of recipients, with the total number of women recipients since the award's establishment being only 59 at the end of the second French empire and only 26,000 in 2021.[5]
| Recipient | Dates (birth – death) |
General work & reason for the recognition | Award category (date) |
|---|---|---|---|
| James Pacillo | One of the 100 selected D-Day veterans | TBA (6 June 2004)[citation needed] | |
| Boris Pahor | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Louis Alexandre Pajot | Knight (22 October 1959)[citation needed] | ||
| John Painter (supercentenarian) | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Euzhan Palcy |
style="white-space: nowrap; text-align:left"| TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Arthur Philippe | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Orhan Pamuk | Turkish writer | TBA[9] | |
| Maurice Papon | 1910–2007 | After being convicted for crimes against humanity in 1998-99 for his role during Vichy was dismissed from the order. on | TBA (Awarded:1961 Dismissed: 18 November 1999)[citation needed] |
| Asha Pandey | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Paul Paray | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Jacques Parisot | 1882-1967 | social medicine | Grand Cross[10] |
| Jacques Parizeau | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Robert M. Parker, Jr. | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Tony Parker | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Jack Parrot | D-Day veteran | TBA (2018)[11] | |
| Arvo Pärt | 1935 - Present | Estonian composer | Knight (2011)[12] |
| Earle E. Partridge | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Louis Pasteur | 1822–1895 | French chemist | Grande Croix[citation needed] |
| Harry Patch | 1898–2009 | Last surviving British veteran of the trenches (World War I) | TBA (1995)[citation needed] |
| George S. Patton | American general | TBA[citation needed] | |
| Samuel Paty | 1973-2020 | French middle-school teacher who was murdered on 16/10/2020 and posthumously given the award. | TBA[citation needed] |
| Gen Paul | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Benjamin Pavard | World Cup winning footballer | TBA[citation needed] | |
| Luciano Pavarotti | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| George Pearce | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Ernest Peddell | 1899–2000 | Australian Private, 2nd Battalion, Australian Imperial Force; | TBA (1998)[citation needed] |
| Barthélémy Pedinielli | Belonged to the 3rd Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment. Recognised for his commitment during the Second World War alongside the Free French forces. | Knight[citation needed] | |
| Malik Peiris | Hong Kong doctor/professor | TBA[citation needed] | |
| Ernest Peixotto | 1869–1940 | American illustrator and travel writer | TBA[citation needed] |
| Claiborne Pell | United States Senator | TBA[citation needed] | |
| Alphonse Frédéric Pellerin | 1833–1912 | French civil engineer | Knight (25 July 1905)[13][14] |
| John Lysaght Pennefather | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Jacques Pépin | 1935 - Present | Chef | Knight[15] |
| Ronald Perelman | 1942 - Present | American businessman | TBA (1992)[citation needed] |
| Jacques Perfettini | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Lester James Peries | Prolific Sri Lankan film director and recipient of Srilankabhimanya | TBA[citation needed] | |
| František Peřina | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Eva Perón | 1919–1952 | First Lady of Argentina (1946-1952) and Spiritual Leader of the Nation of Argentina (1952–Present Day). | TBA (1947)[citation needed] |
| Joseph-Xavier Perrault | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Jean Baptiste Perrin | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Philippe Perrin | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| John J. Pershing | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Peter I of Serbia | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Peter II of Yugoslavia | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Pedro II of Brazil | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Zinovy Peshkov | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Edmund Phelps | Director of the Center on Capitalism and Society. | TBA[citation needed] | |
| Edmund S. Phelps | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Henri Félix Emmanuel Philippoteaux | 1815–1884 | painter | TBA[16] |
| Sir Eric Phipps | 1875–1945 | British ambassador to Berlin (1933–36) and Paris (1936–39). | TBA[citation needed] |
| Frank Pickersgill | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| François-Édouard Picot | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Abbé Pierre | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Desmond Piers | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Wallace Pike | 1899–1999 | Canadian WWI veteran of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment. | TBA (1998)[citation needed] |
| Józef Pilsudski | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Max L. Pilliard | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Honoré Le Pimpec | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Harold Pinter | 1930–2008 | British writer and political activist. | TBA (2007)[citation needed] |
| Robert Pires | 1973 - Present | French world cup winning football player | TBA[citation needed] |
| Tadeusz Piskor | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Pedro José Amadeo Pissis | French geologist | TBA[citation needed] | |
| Michel Platini | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Georges René Le Peley de Pléville | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Paul Pogba | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| James H. Polk | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Elena Poniatowska | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Józef Antoni Poniatowski | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Lily Pons | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Lazare Ponticelli | 1897–2008 | Italian-born French veteran of World War I and supercentenarian. | TBA[citation needed] |
| Elvira Popescu | 1894–1993 | Romanian-born French actress. | TBA[citation needed] |
| Paolo Portoghesi | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Marjorie Merriweather Post | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Stanisław Kostka Potocki | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| William Didier-Pouget | 1864–1959 | French artist | Officer[17] |
| Colin Powell | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| William C. Powers | 1946–2019 | President of the University of Texas at Austin. | TBA[citation needed] |
| Ignacy Pradzynski | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Cedric Prakash | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Alain Prost | Four-time Formula One champion | TBA[citation needed] | |
| Gilbert Pritzel | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Moshe Prywes | 1914–1998 | Israeli physician and educator; first President of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. | TBA[citation needed] |
| Denys Puech | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Bill Purple | World War II Airforce Pilot | Knight (13 September 2013)[18] | |
| Radomir Putnik | TBA[citation needed] | ||
| Daniel Pauly | 2017 | Marine biologist | Chevalier de la Légion D’Honneur[19] |
See also
edit
- Legion of Honour
- List of Legion of Honour recipients by name
- List of foreign recipients of Legion of Honour by name
- List of foreign recipients of the Legion of Honour by country
- List of British recipients of the Legion of Honour for the Crimean War
- Legion of Honour Museum
- Ribbons of the French military and civil awards
- War Cross (France)
References
edit- ^ Légion Code, article 16.
- ^ Les étrangers qui se seront signalés par les services qu’ils ont rendus à la France ou aux causes qu’elle soutient, Légion Code, art. 128.
- ^ a b c "France train attack: Chris Norman awarded Legion d'honneur". BBC News. 24 August 2015. Archived from the original on 27 July 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
- ^ DM, Florey (29 March 2017). "Michelle Yeoh receives France's highest civilian honour". Cinema Online. Archived from the original on 19 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021. Alt URL
- ^ a b c d "The Grand Chancellery is co-producing a film on women and the Legion of Honor". The Grand Chancellery of the Legion of Honour. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ "Legion of Honour". Australian Government – Department of Veteran's Affairs. 31 January 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
- ^ Wattel, Michel; Wattel, Béatrice (2009). "Les Grand Croix de la Légion d'honneur. De 1805 à nos jours, titulaires français et étrangers". Archives & Culture.
- ^ Benoist, Chloé (18 December 2020). "Explained: Sisi, Macron and the dubious history of France's Legion of Honour". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
- ^ "Orhan Pamuk Awarded Officier De l'Ordre National De La Legion D'Honneur". GettyImages. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
- ^ "Ministère de la culture - Base Léonore". www2.culture.gouv.fr. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
- ^ "D-Day veteran awarded Legion d'Honneur". BBC News. 19 December 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
- ^ "Le compositeur Arvo Pärt décoré de l'ordre de la Légion d'Honneur". Retrieved 3 November 2011.
- ^ "Histoire des communes: l'Aigle". www.perche-gouet.net (in French). Cercle de Recherches Généalogiques du Perche-Gouët. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
- ^ "Pellerin (Alphonse). Châlons 1849" (PDF), Bulletin administratif. Société des anciens élèves des écoles nationales d'arts et métiers (in French), 11: 1255–1258, November 1912, retrieved 9 February 2023
- ^ The Day I Met The OMELETTE GOD (Jacques Pépin), retrieved 1 September 2023
- ^ "Death of a French Painter" (PDF). The New York Times. 10 November 1884.
- ^ William Didier-Pouget, Archives nationales, Ministère de la Culture
- ^ Maeda, Wendy (14 September 2013). "Petersham man honored by French Legion of Honor for service during WWII". Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ "Daniel Pauly knighted by the French government". Sea Around Us. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2023.