This article provides the list of deceased maraji (plural of marja, the supreme legal authority or the source of emulation), both current and deceased, followed by Twelver (also known as Imamiyyah) Shia Muslims around the world. The concept of a marja-i taqlid (lit. source of emulation) is central to Usuli Shi'a Islam.[1] Marja-i taqlids provide religious interpretations on matters of law and rituals. Among the functions of marja-i taqlids is the collection and distribution of religious taxes (zakat and khums).
Deceased
editNote: The names are ordered by date of death (descending) as an arbitrary standard.
Following are ulema (who may or may not be considered maraji) who have spent their major life spans before 350 AH/960 CE:
| No |
Image |
Name |
Year of birth[2] CE AH |
Year of death[2] CE AH |
Birth |
Education |
Death |
Website |
Notes |
| 1 | - | Aban - Abu Sa'id Aban ibn Taghlib ibn Rubah al-Bakri al-Jurairi al-Kindi al-Rabie al-Kufi - |
- - |
758 141 |
 Iraq |
 Saudi Arabia |
Saudi Arabia
|
Biography | ,[3][4] |
| 2 | - | Abu Baseer - Yehya Bin al-Qasim al-Hadhdha’ - |
- - |
- 150 |
- | - | - | Biography | [5] |
| 3 | - | Ibn Muslim - Mohammad bin Muslim - |
- - |
- - |
- | - | - | Biography | [6] |
| 4 | - | Zakariya Qummi - Zakariya bin Adam-e-Qummi - |
- - |
- - |
- | - | - | - | ,[7][8] |
| 5 | - | Yunus - Yunus bin Abdul-Rahman - |
- - |
825-826 210 |
- | - | - | - | ,[9][10] |
| 6 | - | Safwan - Abu Muhammad Safwan ibn Yahya al Bajali Bayya' al-Sabiri - |
- - |
- - |
- | - | - | - | ,[10][11][12] |
| 7 | - | Abu Umayr - Muhammad bin Abu-Umayr - |
- - |
- - |
- | - | - | - | [10] |
| 8 | - | Mughirah - Abdullah bin al-Mughirah - |
- - |
- - |
- | - | - | - | [10] |
| 9 | - | Ali al-Uraydi - علي العريضي Abu Hasan Ali al-Uraidhi ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq - |
757- 140- |
835+ 220+ |
Saudi Arabia |
Saudi Arabia |
Saudi Arabia
|
Biography | - |
| 10 | - | Rad - al-Hassan bin Mahboob al-Rad (or al‑Sarrad or al‑Zarrad) al‑Kufi - |
- - |
839 224 |
- | - | - | - | ,[10][13][14][15] |
| 11 | - | Abi-Nasr - Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Abi-Nasr - |
- - |
- - |
- | - | - | - | [10] |
| 12 | - | Uthman al-Amri - Uthman ibn Sa’id al-Asadi - |
- - |
- 267- |
- | - | - | - | [16] |
| 13 | - | Abū Is’hāq - Abū Is’hāq Ibrāhīm ibn Muhammad ibn Sa’eed ibn Hilāl Thaqafī Isfahānī - |
- - |
896+ 283 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
 Iran
|
Biography | - |
| 14 | - | Ahwāzī - Abū Muhammad Husein ibn Sa’īd ibn Hamād ibn Mehrān Ahwāzī - |
- |
896+ 283+ |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iran
|
Biography | [17] |
| 15 | - | Mohammad al-Amri - Mohammad bin Saeed al-Amri - |
- - |
- 305 |
- | - | - | - | [18] |
| 16 | - | Ummani - al-Hasan ibn 'Ali ibn Abi `Aqil al-`Ummani - |
- - |
941 329 |
- | - | - | - | ,[19][20][21][22] |
| 17 | - | Qummi - قمي' Ali ibn Babawayh al-Qummi علي بن القمي |
- - |
941 329 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 18 | - | Kulayni - الكليني Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni محمد بن يعقوب الكليني |
864 250 |
941 329 |
Iran |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography 1, Biography 2 | [19] |
| 19 | - | Iskāfī - Abū Alī Muhammad ibn Humām ibn Suhail Iskāfī - |
872 258 |
947 336 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography | - |
Following are ulema who have spent their major life span between 350 AH/961 CE & 1200 AH/1785 CE:
| S No |
Image |
Name |
Year of birth[2] CE AH |
Year of death[2] CE AH |
Birth |
Education |
Death |
Website |
Notes |
| 1 | - | Ibn-e Qūliwayh - Sheikh Abul-Qāsim Ja’far ibn Muhammad son of Ja’far ibn Mūsā ibn Masrūr ibn Qūliwayh-e Qummī - |
- - |
0977 367 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | - |
| 2 | - | Ayyashi - عياشي Ayyashi al-Samarqandi عياشي السمرقندي |
- - |
0978 368 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 3 | - | Abū Ghālib Zurārī Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Suleimān ibn Hasan ibn Jahm ibn Bukair ibn A’yun Shaybānī Kūfī Baghdadi - |
898 285 |
0978 368 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography | - |
| 4 | - | Iskafi - Ibn Junayd al-Iskafi - |
- - |
0991 381 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 5 | - | Shaykh Saduq - شيخ صدوق Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Babawayh al-Qummi أبو جعفر محمد ابن علي ابن بابويه القمي |
918 305 |
0991 380 |
Iran |
Iraq |
Iran
|
- | - |
| 6 | - | Saheb, Al Kafat - صاحب Ismail ibne Ibad صاحب بن عباد |
- - |
0995 384 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | [19] |
| 7 | - | Al-Sharif al-Radi or Razi - الرضي Sayyid al-Razi الشريف الرضي |
970 359 |
1015 406 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
- | [19] |
| 8 | - | Shaykh Mufid - شيخ مفيد Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Nu'man al-'Ukbari al-Baghdadi أبو عبد الله محمد بن محمد بن النعمان البغدادي |
948 336 |
1022 413 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
- | [19] |
| 9 | Ibn Sīnā - ابن سینا Abū ‘Alī al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Sīnā - |
980 Safar 370 |
1037 4 Ramadan 428 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | - | |
| 10 | - | Sayyid Murtadhā - سيد مرتضى Abu al-Qāsim ‘Alī ibn Husayn al-Syyid al-Murtadhā Alam al-Huda أبو القاسم علي بن الحسين السيد المرتضى علم الهدى |
965 355 |
1044 436 |
- | - | - | - | ,[19][23] |
| 11 | - | Halabi - حلبي Abu al-Salah al-Halabi أبو الصلاح الحلبي |
- - |
1055 447 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 12 | - | Najjashi - النجاشي Ahmad ibn Ali al-Najjashi احمد بن علي النجاشي |
982 372 |
1058 450 |
- | - | - | [19] | |
| 13 | - | Shaykh Tusi - شیخ طوسی Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Hasan Tusi ابوجعفر محمد بن حسن طوسی |
995 385 |
1067 460 |
- | - | - | [19] | |
| 14 | - | Ibn Barraj - بن براج Qazi Abdul-Aziz al-Halabi قاضي عبد العزيز الحلبي |
- - |
1088 481 |
- | - | - | [19] | |
| 15 | - | Hākim Haskāni, Ibn-e-Haddād - Qāzi Hākim AbulQāsīm Ubeidullāh Ibn Abdullāh Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Haskāni Qurashī Āmirī Neishābūrī |
- - |
1097 490 |
- | - | - | Biography | - |
| 16 | - | Allamah Tabarsi - العلامة الطبرسي Amin al-Islam Abu Ali Fadal ibn Hassan ibn al-Fadl al-Tabarsi أمين الإسلام الطبرسي |
1073 468 |
1153 548 |
- | - | - | Biography | [19] |
| 17 | - | Rawandi Qutubuddin Rawandi - |
- - |
1177 573 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 18 | - | Ibne Ashob Ibne Shahr Ashob - |
- - |
1192 603 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 19 | - | Hilli Muhammad Ibn Idrees Hilli - |
1148 543 |
1202 598 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography | [19] |
| 20 | - | KASHMIRI Sayyed Hussain Qummi |
Iran |
Iran |
 India
|
[19] | |||
| 21 | - | Muntajabuddīn Muntajabuddīn Alī Ibn Ubaidullāh Ibn Hasan Ibn Bābiwayh Qummī - |
- 504 |
1204 600 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | - |
| 21 | - | Ibn Taoos Syed Razi Al Deen Abul Qasim Ali Ibn Moosa Ibn Jafar Ibn Taoos - |
1193 5 Moharrum 579 |
1266 664 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography | [19] |
| 22 | - | Nasiruddin Toosi Khwajah Nasiruddin Toosi - |
1201 597 |
1274 673 |
- | - | - | - | ,[19][23] |
| 23 | - | Ghayas ud Deen Syed Abd al Karim Ibn Jamal ud Deen Ahmed Ibn Moosa Ibn Jafar ibn Taoos - |
1250 648 |
1294 693 |
- | - | - | Biography | - |
| 24 | - | Muhaqqiq al-Hilli Jafar ibne Yahya ibn Hasan ibne Saeed - |
1205 603 |
1277 676 |
- | - | - | Biography | - |
| 25 | - | Irbeli Abul Hasan Ali ibne Isā ibne Abulfath Irbeli - |
- - |
1294 693 |
- | - | - | Biography | - |
| 26 | - | Allamah Hilli Abu Mafsoor Hasan ibn Yusuf ibne Ali ibn Mazaher - |
1250 19 Ramadan 648 |
1325 11 Muharram 726 |
- | - | - | Biography | [19][23] |
| 27 | - | Mahaqqeqeen Hilli Fakhrul Mahaqqeqeen Hilli - |
- - |
1368 771 |
- | - | - | https://en.wikishia.net/view/Muhammad_b._al-Hasan_al-Hilli | [19] |
| 28 | - | Muhammad ibn Makki Abu Abd Allah Shams ud Deen Mohammed ibn Jamal ud Deen Makki - |
1334 734 |
1385 786 |
 Lebanon |
Saudi Arabia |
 Syria
|
- | [19] |
| 29 | - | Miqdad Fazil Miqdad - |
- - |
1423 826 |
- | - | - | - | [19] - |
| 30 | - | Asadi Ahmed bin Fahd Hilli Asadi - |
1355 757 |
1438 841 |
- | - | - | [19] | |
| 31 | - | Bayādhi Ali bin Yūnus Nabāti Bayādhi - |
1402 804 |
1472 877 |
- | - | - | Biography | - |
| 32 | - | Kaf’ami Taqiyuddin Ibrahim Kaf’ami - |
- - |
1500 905 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 33 | - | Muhaqqiq al-Karaki Nuraddin Ali ibn Abdul-Aal al-Karki - |
- 870 |
1533 940 |
- | - | - | - | [23] |
| 34 | - | Shaheed Saani Jamal ud Deen ibn Noor ud Deen Ali ibn Fazil Ahmed ibn jamal ud Deen ibn Taqi ibn Mohammed Saleh - |
1505 911 |
1559 966 |
Lebanon |
Iraq |
Saudi Arabia
|
- | [19] |
| 35 | - | Muqaddas Ardebili Mohammed ibn Ahmed Ardebili - |
1500 - |
1585 Safar 993 |
Iran |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography | [19] |
| 36 | - | Shaheed Salis Qazi Nurullah Shustari - |
1549 956 |
1610 1019 |
Iran |
Iraq |
India
|
- | [19] |
| 37 | - | Shaykh Bahai Mohammed bin Hasan al Harthi Jeehi Amili Bahai - |
1547 17 Moharram 953 |
1621 12 Shawwal 1031 |
Lebanon |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | [19] |
| 38 | - | Mulla Sadra Ṣadr ad-Dīn Muḥammad Shīrāzī - |
1571/2 |
1641 1050 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 39 | - | Allameh Majlisi Awwal Mohammad Taqi Majlisi - |
- - |
1660 1070 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 40 | - | Mulla Mazandarani Saleh Mazandarani - |
- - |
1675 1086 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 41 | - | Muhaqqiq Sabzwari Muhammad Baqir Sabzwari - |
1608 - |
1679 1090 |
- | - | - | - | [24] |
| 42 | - | Mulla Faiz Kashani Mohammed Mohsin Faiz Kashani - |
1598 1007 |
1680 1091 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | [19] |
| 43 | -_(1016-1099_A.H.)_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A2%D9%82%D8%A7_%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C.jpg)
|
Muhaqqiq Khwansari Husain Khwansari - |
1607 - |
1687 1098 |
- | - | - | - | [24] |
| 44 | - | Shaykh Ameli Shaykh Hurr Ameli - |
1624 8 Rajab 1033 |
1693 21 Ramadan 1104 |
- | - | - | Biography | [19] |
| 45 | - | Allamah Bahrani Sayyed Hashim Bahrani - |
- - |
1696 1107 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 46 | 
|
Allamah Majlesi Sani Mohammad Baqir Majlisi - |
1628 1037 |
1699 1111 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | [19] |
| 47 | - | Jazaeri Sayyed Ne’matullah Jazaeri - |
1640 - |
1700 1112 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 48 | - | Aqa Khunsari Jamaluddin Mohammad Khunsari - |
- - |
1713 1125 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 49 | - | Mirza Afandi Mirza Abdullah Isfahani Afandi - |
- - |
1718 1130 |
- | - | - | - | [19][25] |
| 50 | - | 'Fazil-e-Hindi Muhammad Bahauddin Fazil bin Hasan bin Muhammad Isfahani - |
- 1062 |
1725 1137 |
- | - | - | Biography | ,[19][24] |
| 51 | - | Sahib Hadaeq Yusuf bin Ahmed - |
- - |
1772 1186 |
- | - | - | - | [19] |
| 52 | - | Wahid Al-Bihbahani Muhammad Baqir bin Muhammad Akmal - |
1706 1118 |
1791 1206 |
- | - | - | - | ,[19][23] |
| 53 | - | Mulla Naraqi Mohammad Mahdee Naraqi - |
1715 1128 |
1795 1209 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | [19] |
| 54 | - | Allamah Bahrul Uloom Sayyed Mohammad Mahdi Bahrul Uloom - |
1742 Shawwal 1155 |
1797 1212 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography | [19] |
Following are ulema (who may or may not be considered maraji) who have spent their major life span after 1201 AH/1785 CE & 1300 AH/1883 CE:
| S No |
Image |
Name |
Year of birth | Year of death | Birth |
Education |
Death |
Website |
Notes |
| 1 | - | Ayatullah Ameli Sayyed Jawad Husainee Ameli |
1811 1226 |
- | [19] | ||||
| 2 | - | Ayatullah Kashifal Ghita Shaikh Ja’far Kashifal Ghita |
1813 1228 |
- | [26] | ||||
| 3 | - | Mirza-ye Qomi Mirza Abolghasem Gilani |
1739 |
1815 1231 |
[19] | ||||
| 4 | - | Tabatabai Sayyed Ali Tabatabai |
1816 1231 |
[19] | |||||
| 5 | - | Ghufraan Ma'ab - غفران ماب Syed Dildar Ali Naqvi Naseerabadi سيد دلدار على نصيرابادى |
1753 17 Rabi-us-sani 1166 |
10 January 1820 19 Rajab-ul-Murajjab1235 |
India |
India - Iran - Iraq |
India
|
Biography 1, Biography 2 | - |
| 6 | - | Ayatullah Mujahid Sayyed Mohammad Mujahid |
1827 1242 |
[19] | |||||
| 7 | - | Mulla Naraqi II Mulla Ahmad Naraqi |
1771 1185 |
1829 1245 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
Biography | - |
| 8 | - | Shabbar Sayyed Abdullah Shabbar |
1827 1242 |
[19] | |||||
| 9 | - | Mirza Mujtahid Mirza Maseeh Mujtahid |
1830 1245 |
[19] | |||||
| 10 | - | Shafti Sayyed Mohammad Baqir Shafti |
1844 1260 |
Iran |
Iraq |
Iran
|
Biography | [19] | |
| 11 | - | Mulla Barghani Mohammad Taqi Barghani |
25 October 1847 1264 |
[19] | |||||
| 12 | - | Sadr al-Din Sadr al-Din bin Saleh |
1779 1194 |
1848 1264 |
Lebanon |
Iraq |
Iran
|
- | |
| 13 | 
|
Saheb e Jawahir - Najafi Sheikh Muhammad Hassan Najafi |
1785 1200 |
1850 1265 |
Iraq |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
- | [19] |
| 14 | 
|
Shaikh Ansari Murtaza bin Muhammad Amin Ansari - |
1799 1214 |
1864 1282 |
Iran |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
Biography | [19] |
| 15 | - | Aalam-ul-ulama Sayyed Sibt-e-Hussain |
1868 1952 |
||||||
| 16 | 
|
Mulla Sabzavari Hadi Sabzewari |
1873 1289 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
[19] | ||
| 17 | 
|
Mulla Keni Ali Keni |
1888 1306 |
[19] | |||||
| 18 | - | Meer Husain Meer Hamid Husain Musavi |
1888 1306 |
[19] | |||||
| 19 | - | Mulla Hamadani Husain Quli Hamadani |
1893 1311 |
[19] | |||||
| 20 | 
|
Mirzaye Shirazi Sayyed Mohammad Hassan Shirazi |
1895 1312 |
Iran |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
[19] | ||
| 21 | - | Mirza Rashti Mirza Habibullah Rashti |
1894 1312 |
Iran |
Iraq |
Iraq
|
[19] | ||
| 22 | - | Abul Hasan Kaskmiri Allama Abul Hasan Rizvi Kashmiri Lucknowi |
1313 |
India |
India- Iraq |
Iraq
|
[19] | ||
| 23 | 
|
Mirza Jilweh Mirza Abul Hasan Jilweh |
1896 1314 |
Iran |
Iran |
Iran
|
[19] | ||
| 24 | 
|
Allamah Ashrafi Mulla Muhammad Ashrafi |
1804 1219 |
1898 1315 |
Iran |
Iran - Iraq |
Iran
|
[19] | |
| 25 | 
|
Allamah Assadabadi Sayyed Jamaluddin Assadabadi |
1897 1314 |
[19] |
Following are ulema (who may or may not be considered maraji) who have spent their major life span after 1301 AH/1884 CE to 1400 AH/1980 CE:
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Following are ulema (who may or may not be considered maraji) who have spent their major life span after 1400 AH/1980 CE:
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ John Pike. "Twelvers / Ithna Ashari Islamic Schools of Thought". globalsecurity.org.
- ^ a b c d The abbreviation CE refers to the Common Era solar calendar, while AH refers to the Islamic Hijri lunar calendar.
- ^ Behar-ul-Anwaar:Vol-02:#80, Appointed by Imam Mohammad al-Baqir for Medina
- ^ "Letter 13". Al-Islam.org.
- ^ Wasail-us-Shia:Vol-18:#103, Appointed by Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq
- ^ Wasail-us-Shia:Vol-18:#105, Appointed by Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq
- ^ Wasail-us-Shia:Vol-18:#106, Appointed by Imam Ali ar-Riza
- ^ Chapter 4 – Leadership in the era of occultation - Al Muntazar “Sit in Masjid-e-Nabavi and give your verdicts pertaining to religious matters.” .... Imam Reza (a.s.) replied: “Go to Zakaria bin Adam Qummi, he is our turtle in ...
- ^ Wasail-us-Shia:Vol-18:#107, Appointed by Imam Ali ar-Riza
- ^ a b c d e f IMAM AL-KADHIM: HIS SCHOOL AND KNOWLEDGE Archived 2012-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ A Medieval Muslim Scholar at Work: Ibn Ṭāwūs and His Library By Etan Kohlberg, Yahya al-Bajafi Bayya' al-Sabiri (d. 210/825-826)...
- ^ Shi'ite Jurists and Authors on Jurisprudence and Hadith Archived 2014-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, ii) Safwan bin Yahya Bayya' Sabari ;
- ^ HIS SCHOOL AND KNOWLEDGE Archived 2012-09-30 at the Wayback Machine, Sheikh al-Toosi writes, "The followers of our school of thought have agreed on the probity and trustworthiness of six fuqaha', who were taught and educated by al-Kadhim and al-Ridha (a.s.). They were: Yunus bin Abdul-Rahman, Safwan bin Yahya, Bayya' al-Sabiri, Muhammad bin Abi-Umayr, Abdullah bin al-Mughirah, al-Hassan bin Mahboob al-Rad and Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Abi-Nasr."[34]
- ^ [labbaik.ir/en/uploads/book/kafi_part_1.doc Kafi Part 1], Rijal al‑Tusi, By Shaykh al‑Ta'ifah Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn al Hasan al‑Tusi ..... Al‑Hasan ibn Mahbub al‑Sarrad (or al‑Zarrad) al‑Kufi (d.224/839), 6/VIII, Tr 347 ...
- ^ Shi'ite Scholars in the Field of Applied Sciences - WWW.AL-SHIA.ORG Archived 2014-02-01 at the Wayback Machine, Hasan bin Mahbub Sarrad, according to Ibn-un-Nadim wrote an exegesis of the Quran. He died in 224 A.H..
- ^ Wasail-us-Shia:Vol-18:#100, Appointed by Imam Ali al-Naqi
- ^ Husein Ibn-e Sa'īd Ahwāzī, Husein Ibn-e Sa'īd Ahwāzī. Abū Muhammad, Husein son of Sa'īd son of Hamād son of Mehrān Ahwāzī, a great Shi'a scholar, was born in Kūfah the city of great ...
- ^ Wasail-us-Shia:Vol-18:#107, Appointed by Imam Ali al-Naqi
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej "Addresses of Maraje". islam-laws.com. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
- ^ The Leading Shia Ulama of Fourth Century Hijrah Archived 2014-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Ibn Abi Aqeel Ummani This Umman is on the coast of Yemen, and therefore he was also known as Yemeni.
- ^ The Science of Jurisprudence among the Shi'ah Archived 2012-09-14 at the Wayback Machine, Shi'ah jurisprudence on the basis of ijtihad was first founded by Ibn Abi 'Aqil 'Ummani (died in the first part of the fourth century AH), a contemporary of al-Kulayni ...
- ^ The Place of al-Mufid in the Development of Shi'i Kalam and Fiqh, Ayatullah Sayyid Ali Khamene’i, al Tawhid, vol x, Nos. 2 and 3, Translated from the Persian by Ali Quli Qarai. Its two well-known representatives are al-Hasan ibn 'Ali ibn Abi `Aqil al-`Ummani ...... As to al-`Ummani, this tendency is not ascribed to him. ....... al-Mufid find a valid framework for the practice of fiqh, which was a first step, to which al-'Ummani's work must be considered a prelude.
- ^ a b c d e Ulema Timeline Archived 2011-07-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c "The Famous Shia Ulama of the Eleventh Century Hijrah -- Imam Reza (A.S.) Network". imamreza.net. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. Retrieved 2010-08-12.
- ^ "faiz's space - List of Maraje". Retrieved 1 May 2016.
- ^ "The Thirteenth H. Century Scholars". m-mahdi.net. Archived from the original on 2015-05-20. Retrieved 2010-01-29.
- ^ Ayatullah Shaykh Isfahani, He studied fiqh and philosophy under Akhund Mulla Muhammad Kashi and tafsir under Haj Sayyid Muhammad Fishariki and Haj Sayyid Murtaza Kashmiri.
- ^ Ayatollah Shah Abaadi, 8- Mirza Hossein Khalili (d.1908)
- ^ tahoordanesh Archived 2012-01-09 at the Wayback Machine.2012-08-14
- ^ Lubb al-Lubab (The Kernels of Kernels): A Short Treatise on Wayfaring, The Straight Path is one which Combines the Exoteric and the Esoteric, Among them was the divine gnostic Aqa Sayyid Ahmad Tehrani Karbala'i and his disciple, the pride of the legists and the pearl of the gnostics, Hajj Mirza `Ali Aqa Qadi, may God elevate their noble stations. Biography
- ^ Grand Ayatollah Sayed Muhammad Mufti al-Shia Moosavi Expires, His grandfather’s name was Ayatullah al Uzma Syed Murtaza Khalkhali Ardabaili. He too was one of the venerable Maraje Uzzam. On his return from Najaf-i-Ashraf, he laid the foundation of great Hawza-i-Ilmia in Ardbail, which produced several Ulmas. Students, not only from Iran, but also from various other countries like Badkoba, Sherwan, Siliyan, Ierwan, Nakhchwan, Lankran, and Aazarbaijan came to this Hawza to seek knowledge. He was the pupil of Sahib-i-Karamaat and Sheikh Ansari. He died on 1317 A.H.
- ^ Ayatullah al Uzma As-Syed Muhammad Taqi Mufti Ash-Shia Ardbaili was his (Grand Ayatollah Sayed Muhammad Mufti al-Shia Moosavi) father who died in 1361 A.H. He was considered one of much followed theologians. He was also leader of his city. His Risala-i-Amalia (journal) was published on 18th of Zilhajj 1336 A.H under the title of “Shajara-tut-Taqwa”. The second journal “Zakhirat-ul-Uqba” was published in 1344 A.H. he had been the pupil of Akhund Khurasani, Syed Kazim Yazdi, and Syed Muhammad Isfahani Fasharki
- ^ Rizvi, Syed Saeed Akhter. "Indian Ulema List (Source- Khursheed Khawar:Tazkratul ulamae hind o pak)". islamic-laws.com. Ma'arif Publications. Retrieved 17 August 2014.
- ^ "پایگاه اطلاع رسانی آیة الله العظمی محمد تقی بهجت قدس سرّه الشریف - باقی ماندن در تقلید بر حضرت آية الله العظمی بهجت قدس سره الشریف". Archived from the original on June 15, 2010. Retrieved January 29, 2010.
- ^ "مصاحبه ها". allameh.ir. Archived from the original on 2010-01-07.
- ^ List of Maraji (2016)
- ^ "List of Maraji (2017)". Archived from the original on 2018-08-19. Retrieved 2019-01-25.
- ^ Ayatollah Kashani died
- ^ Ayatollah Rasti Kashani Funeral
- ^ Ayatollah Tehrani passed away
- ^ List of Maraji in Arabic
- ^ Ayatollah Esmailpoor passes away
- ^ Ayatollah Esmailpour commemoration ceremony
- ^ Grand Ayatollah Mirza Javad Gharavi Alliari passes away
- ^ Grand Ayatollah Mohqeq Kabuli passes away at the age of 91
- ^ Shahroudi passes away
- ^ Well known cleric Sheikh Asif Mohseni passes away
- ^ "Ayatollah Saanei passes away". 12 September 2020.
- ^ "وفاة أستاذ الحوزة العلمية آية الله السيد عباس المدرسي اليزدي". 19 November 2020.
- ^ "آیت الله صافی گلپایگانی دارفانی را وداع گفت". ABNA 24. 1 February 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- ^ "آیت الله العظمی محمد مجتهدی نجفی درگذشت". farau.com (in Persian). 2022-02-27. Retrieved 2022-06-17.
- ^ "Senior Cleric Ayatollah Alavi Gorgani Dies at 82". International Quran News Agency. 15 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
- ^ "آیت‌الله روحانى دار فانی را وداع گفت- اخبار قم - اخبار استانها تسنیم". خبرگزاری تسنیم | Tasnim (in Persian).
External links
edit- Prominent Ulamaa, prior to 100 years
- ULAMAA - TIMELINE
- Comprehensive List of Ulamaa / Jurists & their books ' An Extract from A Shiite Encyclopedia - Hasan Amini
- Indian Ulamaa list
- Leading Luminaries (ahl-ul-bayt.org)
- Ulamaa Biography (imamreza.net)
- Ulamaa Biography (imamreza.net)
- Ulamaa Biographies (Jafariyanews.com)
- Introduction to Scholars 5th / 11th century (al-islam.org)
- Scholars Info (Playandlearn.org)