List of rampage killers (religious, political, or ethnic crimes)
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This is a list of mass or spree killers that were considered by reliable sources to have been motivated by political or religious causes. A mass murderer is typically defined as someone who kills three or more people in one incident, with no "cooling off" period, not including themselves.[1][2] A mass murder typically occurs in a single location where one or more persons kill several others.[3][4][5]
This list does not include serial killers, members of democidal governments, or major political figures who orchestrated such actions.
Rampage killers
editPerpetrator | Date | Year | Location | Country | Killed | Injured | W | Additional notes | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Mohamed Rashed Daoud Al-Owhali, 21, Azzam |
Aug. 7 | 1998 | Nairobi | Kenya | 213 |
4,000+ |
F E | Azzam committed suicide bombing Al-Owhali sentenced to life without parole |
|
2. | Dalerjon Mirzoyev, 32 Saidakrami Rachabalizoda, 30 Shamsidin Fariduni, 25 Muhammadsobir Faizov, 19 |
March 22 | 2024 | Moscow | Russia | 145 |
551 |
F M E | Crocus City Hall attack | |
3. | Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, Mohamed Salmene, 31 (محمد سلمان الحويج بوهلال) |
July 14 | 2016 | Nice | France | 86 |
434 |
F V | Killed by police | |
4. | Breivik, Anders Behring, 32 | July 22 | 2011 | Oslo & Utøya | Norway | 75 |
241 |
F E | Sentenced to 21 years in prison Two more died trying to escape |
|
5. | Tarrant, Brenton Harrison, 28 | March 15 | 2019 | Christchurch | New Zealand | 51 |
40 |
F | Sentenced to life without parole | |
6. | Mateen, Omar Mir Seddique, 29 | June 12 | 2016 | Orlando, Florida | United States | 49 |
53 |
F | Killed by police | |
7. | Yacoubi, Seifeddine Rezgui, 22 (سيف الدين رزقي اليعقوبي) |
June 26 | 2015 | Sousse | Tunisia | 38 |
39 |
F E | Killed by police | |
8. | Morral Roca, Mateu, 25 | May 31 / June 2 | 1906 | Madrid | Spain | 30 |
100+ |
F E | Committed suicide | |
9. | Two unknown men | Aug. 24 | 2010 | Mogadishu | Somalia | 30 |
5+ |
F E | Both committed suicide | |
10. | Crusius, Patrick Wood, 21 | Aug. 3 | 2019 | El Paso, Texas | United States | 23 |
22 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
11. | Osman Omarov, 31, Abdusamad Amadziev, 32, Gadzhimurad Kagirov, 28, Dalgat Daudov, 42 or 43, Ali Zakarigaev, 35 | June 23 | 2024 | Dagestan | Russia | 22
|
45
|
F A | Killed by police | |
11. | Labidi, Yassine, Khachnaoui, Saber |
March 18 | 2015 | Tunia | Tunisia | 22 |
42 |
F | Both killed by police | |
12. | Abbas al-Baqir Abbas, 33 (عباس الباقر عباس) |
Dec. 8 | 2000 | Jarafa | Sudan | 22 |
31 |
F | Killed by police | |
13. | Two unknown men | Nov. 20 | 2015 | Bamako | Mali | 20 |
7–9 |
F E | Both killed by soldiers | |
14. | Fieschi, Giuseppe Marco, 44 | July 28 | 1835 | Paris | France | 18 |
22 |
F | Sentenced to death and executed Also killed a horse |
|
15. | Unknown | Dec. 18 | 1936 | Monte Aprazível | Brazil | 16 |
? |
F | Arrested | |
16. | Farook, Syed Rizwan, 28 Malik, Tashfeen, 29 |
Dec. 2 | 2015 | San Bernardino, California | United States | 14 |
24 |
F | Both killed by police | |
17. | Lardanchet, Jean-Pierre, 36 Friedli, André, 39 |
Dec. 15/16 | 1995 | Vercors | France | 14 |
0 |
FMO | Both committed suicide | |
18. | Amri, Anis Ben Othman, 24 (إبراهيم إسماعيل إسماعيل مصطفى) |
Dec. 19 | 2016 | Berlin Milan |
Germany Italy |
13 |
55 |
FMV | Killed by police One of the victims died in 2021; attributed to this event |
|
19. | Khumalo, Banda, 38[n 1] | Dec. 4 | 1977 | Bulawayo | Rhodesia | 13 |
13–16 |
F | Killed by police | [6] |
20. | Kouachi, Saïd, 34 Kouachi, Chérif, 32 |
Jan. 7 | 2015 | Paris | France | 12 |
11 |
F | Both killed by police | |
21. | Bowers, Robert Gregory, 46 | Oct. 27 | 2018 | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | United States | 11 |
6 |
F | Sentenced to death | |
22. | Ibrahim Ismail Ismail Mustafa | Dec. 29 | 2017 | Cairo | Egypt | 10 |
6 |
F | Sentenced to death and executed Suspected of other attacks |
|
23. | Rathjen, Tobias, 43 | Feb. 19 | 2020 | Hanau | Germany | 10 |
5 |
F | Committed suicide Terminated a pregnancy |
|
24. | Gendron, Payton S., 18 | May 14 | 2022 | Buffalo, New York | United States | 10 |
3 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
25. | Essex, Mark James Robert, 23 | Dec. 31 / Jan. 7 |
1972–3 | New Orleans, Louisiana | United States | 9 |
13 |
F A | Killed by police | |
26. | Sonboly, David, 18 | July 22 | 2016 | Munich | Germany | 9 |
4 |
F | Committed suicide | |
27. | Roof, Dylann Storm, 21 | June 17 | 2015 | Charleston, South Carolina | United States | 9 |
1 |
F | Sentenced to death | |
28. | Adnan, Mohamed Sozad, 21 | July 11 | 1988 | Cruise ship City of Poros | Greece | 8 |
98 |
F E | Committed suicide | |
29. | Strydom, Barend Hendrik, 23 | Nov. 15 | 1988 | De Deur & Pretoria | South Africa | 8 |
16 |
F | Sentenced to death plus 30 years | |
30. | Garcia, Mauricio Martinez, 33 | May 6 | 2023 | Allen, Texas | United States | 8 |
7 |
F | Killed by police | |
31. | Suleiman Mohammed Abdul-Hamid Khater, 24 (سليمان خاطر) |
Oct. 5 | 1985 | Ras Burqa | Egypt | 8 |
4 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
32. | Unknown[n 1] | 1924 | Drew, Mississippi | United States | 7–8 |
? |
F | Unsolved | [7] | |
33. | Merah, Mohammed, 23 (محمد مراح) |
March 11–22 | 2012 | Toulouse & Montauban | France | 7 |
6 |
F | Killed by police | |
34. | Smith, Roland James, 50–51 | Dec. 8 | 1995 | New York City, New York | United States | 7 |
4 |
F A | Committed suicide | |
35. | Page, Wade Michael, 40 | Aug. 5 | 2012 | Oak Creek, Wisconsin | United States | 7 |
3 |
F | Committed suicide One of the victims died in 2020; attributed to this event |
|
36. | Charles, Robert, 35 | July 23–27 | 1900 | New Orleans | United States | 6 |
20+ |
F | Killed by angry mob or killed by police | |
37. | Ferguson, Colin, 35 | Dec. 7 | 1993 | Garden City, New York | United States | 6 |
19 |
F | Sentenced to 315 years and 8 months to life imprisonment | |
38. | Bissonnette, Alexandre, 27 | Jan. 29 | 2017 | Quebec City, Quebec | Canada | 6 |
19 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
39. | Two unknown men | Dec. 14 | 1998 | Peć | FR Yugoslavia | 6 |
15 |
F | Unsolved | |
40. | Two unknown men | June 18 | 1994 | Loughinisland, Northern Ireland | United Kingdom | 6 |
5 |
F | Unsolved | |
41. | Two unknown men | July 2 | 1976 | Antrim, Northern Ireland | United Kingdom | 6 |
3 |
F | Unsolved | |
42. | Hastings, Louis D., 39 | March 3 | 1983 | McCarthy | United States | 6 |
2 |
F | Sentenced to 634 years in prison | [8] |
43. | Shafik al-Arid, 22 Talal Khantourah, 21 |
Aug. 5 | 1973 | Athens | Greece | 5 |
55 |
F E | Pleaded guilty | |
44. | Masood, Khalid, 52 | March 22 | 2017 | London, England | United Kingdom | 5 |
49 |
MV | Killed by police | |
45. | Aldrich, Anderson Lee, 22 | Nov. 19–20 | 2022 | Colorado Springs | United States | 5 |
19 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
46. | Coulibaly, Amedy, 32 | Jan. 7–9 | 2015 | Montrouge & Porte de Vincennes | France | 5 |
11 |
F | Killed by police | |
47. | Johnson, Micah Xavier, 25 | July 7 | 2016 | Dallas, Texas | United States | 5 |
11 |
F | Killed by police | |
48. | Chekatt, Chérif, 29 | Dec. 11 | 2018 | Strasbourg | France | 5 |
11 |
FM | Killed by police | |
49. | Two unknown men | Feb. 5 | 1992 | Belfast, Northern Ireland | United Kingdom | 5 |
9 |
F | Unsolved | |
50. | Elosegi, José Javier Zabaleta Irujo, Juan María Tapia |
Nov. 3 | 1980 | Zarautz | Spain | 5 |
5 |
F | Elosegi sentenced to 200 years in prison Irujo sentenced to 66 years in prison |
|
51. | Fejzullai, Kujtim, 20 | Nov. 2 | 2020 | Vienna | Austria | 4 |
23 |
FM | Killed by police | |
52. | Lakdim, Redouane, 25 | March 23 | 2018 | Carcassonne & Trèbes | France | 4 |
15 |
FM | Killed by police | |
53. | Mohamed, Hamza Hassan, 29 | Aug. 25 | 2021 | Dar es Salaam | Tanzania | 4 |
9 |
F | Killed by police | |
54. | Bešlić, Borislav, 41[n 1] | June 18 | 1994 | Osijek | Croatia | 4 |
8 |
F | Arrested | |
55. | Nel, Jozef Johannes, 18 | Jan. 14 | 2008 | Skierlik | South Africa | 4 |
8 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment Also killed one ostrich | |
56. | Mullah Abdullah, 60 Gool, Badsha Mahommed, 40 |
Jan. 1 | 1915 | Broken Hill, New South Wales | Australia | 4 |
7 |
F | Both killed by police | [9] |
57. | French, Kenneth Junior, 22[n 1] | Aug. 6 | 1993 | Fayetteville | United States | 4 |
7 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
58. | Stone, Michael, 32 | March 16 | 1988 | Belfast, Northern Ireland | United Kingdom | 3 |
60+ |
F E | Sentenced to 682 years in prison | |
59. | Legan, Santino William, 19 | July 28 | 2019 | Gilroy | United States | 3 |
11 |
F | Committed suicide | |
60. | Lambright, Donald Martin, 30 | April 5 | 1969 | Harrisburg | United States | 3 |
15 |
F | Committed suicide | |
61. | Lortie, Denis, 25 | May 8 | 1984 | Quebec City, Quebec | Canada | 3 |
13 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
62. | Dear, Robert Lewis, 57 | Nov. 27 | 2015 | Colorado Springs, Colorado | United States | 3 |
9 |
F | Found mentally unfit to stand trial |
Asia
editPerpetrator | Date | Year | Location | Country | Killed | Injured | W | Additional notes | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Two unknown men | Aug. 3 | 2018 | Gardez | Afghanistan | 48 |
70+ |
F E | One killed by security One committed suicide |
[10] |
2. | Masharipov, Abdulkadir, 28 (Абдулкадир Машарипов) |
Jan. 1 | 2017 | Istanbul | Turkey | 39 |
79 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
3. | Ibragimov, Ahmed, 43 (Ибрагимов, Ахмед) |
Oct. 8 | 1999 | Mekenskaya, Chechnya | Russia | 34+ |
20+ |
F | Killed by angry mob Killed several other people |
|
4. | Two unknown men | Aug. 1 | 2017 | Herat | Afghanistan | 33 |
66 |
F E | Both committed suicide | |
5. | Two unknown men | March 6 | 2020 | Kabul | Afghanistan | 32 |
82 |
F E | Both killed by police | |
6. | Farooq, Ashraf Ali Mohammed Yasin, Murtuza Hafiz |
Sept. 24/25 | 2002 | Gandhinagar | India | 30 |
80+ |
F E | Both killed by police | |
7. | Goldstein, Baruch Kappel, 37 (ברוך קופל גולדשטיין) |
Feb. 25 | 1994 | Hebron, West Bank | State of Palestine | 29 |
125 |
F | Killed by angry mob | |
8. | Two unknown men | Nov. 12 | 2003 | Nasiriyah | Iraq | 28 |
103 |
F E | Both killed by a soldier | |
9. | Bilal | Dec. 27 | 2007 | Rawalpindi | Pakistan | 24 |
91 |
F E | committed suicide | |
10. | Two unknown men | Sept. 6 | 1986 | Istanbul | Turkey | 22 |
6 |
F E | Both died | [11] |
11. | Asadbek Madiyarov, 24 | March 21 | 2024 | Kandahar | Afghanistan | 21+ |
50+ |
E | Died in the explosion | [12] |
12. | Ali Jan | Oct. 11 | 2016 | Kabul | Afghanistan | 18 |
36 |
F E | Killed by police | [13] [14] |
13. | Kurbanjan Hemit, 28 (库尔班江·依明提) Abdurahman Azat, 33 (阿不都热合曼·阿扎提) |
Aug. 4 | 2008 | Kashgar | China | 16 |
16 |
MVE | Both sentenced to death and executed | |
14. | Bales, Robert, 38[n 1] | March 11 | 2012 | Najeeban & Alkozai | Afghanistan | 16 |
6 |
FMA | Sentenced to life imprisonment Also killed a dog and cow |
|
15. | Two unknown men | Nov. 24 | 2002 | Jammu | India | 14 |
45 |
F E | Both committed suicide | |
16. | Unknown | July 20 | 2001 | Sheshnag | India | 13–14 |
14–15 |
F E | Killed by police | [15] |
17. | Hamed Badakhshan, 23 | Oct. 26 | 2022 | Shiraz | Iran | 13 |
40+ |
F | Killed by police | |
18. | Yaşa, Eylem, 32 | June 7 | 2016 | Fatih, Istanbul | Turkey | 12
|
51
|
E | Died in the bombing | |
19. | Two unknown men | March 30 | 2002 | Jammu | India | 11 |
20 |
F E | Both committed suicide | |
20. | Harphul Singh | July 23 | 1930 | Tohana | British Raj | 11–15 |
4 |
F A | Sentenced to death and executed Killed five people two years earlier |
[16] |
21. | Unknown | May | 1928 | Kobe | Japan | 11 |
? |
Committed suicide | [17] | |
22. | Kulekbaev, Ruslan Alpysbayuly, 26 (Кулекбаев, Руслан Алпысбаевич) |
July 17/18 | 2016 | Almaty | Kazakhstan | 10 |
10 |
F | Sentenced to death | |
23. | Tha'ir Kayid Hamad, 22 (ثائر كايد حماد) |
March 3 | 2002 | Ofra, West Bank | State of Palestine | 10 |
6 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
24. | Two unknown men | May 13 | 2017 | Gwadar | Pakistan | 10 |
1 |
F | Unsolved | |
25. | Ekmekjian, Levon, 25 (Լեւոն Էքմէքճեան) Sarkissian, Zohrab, 24 (Զօհրապ Սարգիսեան) |
Aug. 7 | 1982 | Ankara | Turkey | 9 |
72 |
F E | Sarkissian killed by police Ekmekjian sentenced to death and executed |
|
26. | Two unknown men | Dec. 17 | 2017 | Quetta | Pakistan | 9 |
57 |
F E | One killed by security One committed suicide |
|
27. | Unknown | Aug. 6 | 2002 | Nunwan | India | 9 |
31 |
F E | Killed by police | [18] |
28. | Zhou Lanpu, (周兰普) |
May 29 | 1981 | Handan | China | 9 |
15 |
FMV | Sentenced to death and executed | [19] |
29. | Mohsin Yahya Munassar Al-Hilali, 38 (محسن يحيى منصر الهلالي) |
July 30 | 2003 | Mish'al | Yemen | 9 |
1 |
F | Sentenced to death | [20] |
30. | Unknown Soldier[n 1] | Nov. 8 | 1988 | Jessore | Bangladesh | 8 |
50 |
F | Committed suicide | [21] |
31. | Two unknown men | Oct. 7 | 2005 | Mong | Pakistan | 8 |
20 |
F | Unsolved | |
32. | Punchi Banda Kandegedera | Feb. 25 | 1936 | Colombo | Ceylon | 8 |
10 |
F | Sentenced to death | [22] |
33. | Muhammad Chalaf Sahar Rajab and Hassan Muhammad | Oct. 1 | 2024 | Jaffa | Israel | 7 |
17 |
FM | Killed | |
33. | Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz | Oct. 31 or Nov. 3 | 644 | Medina | Rashidun Caliphate | 7–10 |
3–6 |
M | Either was executed or committed suicide | [23] |
34. | Wang Xiwen, 32 (王锡文) |
Nov. 17 | 1980 | Handan | China | 7 |
12 |
F E | Sentenced to death and executed Also killed two pigs |
|
35. | Popper, Ami, 21 (עמי פופר) |
May 20 | 1990 | Rishon LeZion | Israel | 7 |
11 |
F | Sentenced to seven consecutive life terms; Later reduced to 40 years in prison |
|
36. | Ahmed Daqamseh, 26 (أحمد الدقامسة) |
March 13 | 1997 | Island of Peace | Jordan | 7 |
6 |
F | Sentenced to 20 years in prison | [24] |
37. | Kariyev, Maksat Kokshkinbaevich, 34 (Кариев, Максат Кокшкинбаевич) |
Nov. 12 | 2011 | Taraz | Kazakhstan | 7 |
3 |
F E | Committed suicide | [25] |
38. | Unknown | Sept. 23 | 2018 | Shar-e-Safa | Afghanistan | 6–8 |
? |
F | Killed by soldiers | [26] |
39. | Khairi Musa Alqam, 21 (خيري موسى علقم) |
Jan. 27 | 2023 | East Jerusalem | State of Palestine | 7 |
3 |
F | Killed by police | |
40. | Omar Rub Yousef Rub |
Nov. 28 | 2002 | Beit She'an | Israel | 6 |
34 |
F E | Both killed by police | |
41. | Abdul Salaam Sadek Hassouneh, 24 (عبد السلام صادق حسونة) |
Jan. 17 | 2002 | Hadera | Israel | 6 |
33 |
F E | Committed suicide | [27] |
42. | Melod Najah (ميلود نجاح) |
Nov. 25 | 1987 | Kiryat Shmona | Israel | 6 |
7 |
F E | Killed by soldiers | [28] |
43. | Uday Abu Jamal, 22 (عدي أبو جمل) Ghassan Muhammad Abu Jamal, 32 (غسان محمد أبو جمل) |
Nov. 18 | 2014 | Jerusalem | 6 |
7 |
FM | Both killed by police | ||
44. | Shadi Sa'id as-Su’ayida (شادي سعيد السعايدة) Da'oud al-Haj (داود الحاج) |
Feb. 19 | 2002 | Ein 'Arik, West Bank | State of Palestine | 6 |
1 |
F | Su’ayida sentenced to life imprisonment Haj escaped |
|
45. | Two unknown men | March 12 | 2002 | Matzuva | Israel | 6 |
1 |
F E | Both killed by soldiers | |
46. | Abdallah Ahmed Yahia Zeid Ghassan (عبد الله يحيى غسان) |
March 5 | 2004 | Dhamar | Yemen | 5 |
30 |
F E | Committed suicide | [29] |
47. | Ayman Mohamed Hassan Mohamed, 23 (أيمن محمد حسن محمد) |
Nov. 25 | 1990 | Eilat | Israel | 4 |
27 |
F | Sentenced to 12 years | [30] |
48. | Ansari, Aftab Nasir, Jamiluddin |
Jan. 22 | 2002 | Kolkata | India | 5 |
20 |
F | Both sentenced to death | [31] |
49. | Ahmed Jassim Ibrahim, 24–25 (احمد جاسم ابراهيم) |
June 12 | 2009 | Baghdad | Iraq | 5 |
12 |
F E | Killed by security | [32] |
50. | Two unknown men | June 20 | 2002 | Itamar, West Bank | Israel (de facto) State of Palestine (de jure) |
5 |
10 |
F | Both killed by soldiers | |
51. | Two unknown men | March 13 | 2013 | Srinagar | India | 5 |
10 |
F E | Both killed by police | |
52. | Shuja al-Dosari, 20 (شجاع الدوسري) |
Oct. 16 | 2015 | Saihat | Saudi Arabia | 5 |
9 |
F | Killed by police | [33] |
53. | Two unknown men | Dec. 12 | 2004 | Philadelphi Route, Gaza Strip | State of Palestine | 5 |
6 |
F E | Both killed by soldiers | |
54. | Unknown Soldier | Sept. 24 | 1956 | Ramat Rachel | Israel | 4 |
17 |
F | Arrested | [34] |
55. | Natan-Zada, Eden, 19 (עדן נתן-זדה) |
Aug. 4 | 2005 | Shfar'am | Israel | 4 |
12 |
F | Killed by angry mob | [35] |
56. | Two unknown men | April 27 | 2002 | Adora, West Bank | Israel (de facto) State of Palestine (de jure) |
4 |
7 |
F | One killed One escaped |
|
57. | Khaled Muhammad Musa Makhamra, 21 (خالد محمد موسى مخمر) Muhammad Ahmad Musa Makhamreh, 21 (محمد أحمد موسى مخامرة) |
June 8 | 2016 | Tel Aviv | Israel | 4 |
7 |
F | Both sentenced to life imprisonment | |
58. | Ibrahim Mohammed Hasuna, 20 (إبراهيم محمد محمود حسونة) |
March 5 | 2002 | Tel Aviv | Israel | 3 |
35 |
FME | Killed by police | [36] |
59. | Ebrahim Nemer, 30 (ابراهيم نمر) Murad Nemer, 38 (مراد نمر) |
Nov. 30 | 2023 | Jerusalem | Israel | 3 |
16 |
F | Killed by soldiers Terminated a pregnancy |
[37] |
60. | Ibrahim al-Akri, 38 (إبراهيم العكاري) |
Nov. 5 | 2014 | Jerusalem | 3 |
13 |
MV | Killed by police | ||
61. | Hussein Qaqawa, 31 | Feb. 10 | 2023 | East Jerusalem | Israel | 3 |
4 |
V | Killed by police | |
62. | Hazem, Raad, 28 (رعد غانم) |
April 7 | 2022 | Tel Aviv | Israel | 3 |
11 |
F | Killed by police |
Abbreviations and footnotes
editThe W-column gives a basic description of the weapons used in the murders
- F – Firearms and other ranged weapons, especially rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshots
- M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands
- O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks
- A – indicates that an arson attack was the only other weapon used
- V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used (vehicle as a weapon)
- E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
- P – indicates that an anaesthetising or deadly substance of any kind was the only other weapon used (includes poisonous gas)
References
edit- ^ Duwe, Grant (2007). Mass Murder in the United States. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-7864-3150-2.
- ^ Aggrawal, A. (2005). "Mass Murder". In Payne-James JJ; Byard RW; Corey TS; Henderson C (eds.). Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine (PDF). Vol. 3. Elsevier Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-547970-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 25, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
- ^ "Serial Murder – Multi-Disciplinary Perspectives for Investigators" (PDF). Federal Bureau of Investigation. 2005. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
- ^ Krouse, William J.; Richardson, Daniel J. (July 30, 2015). Mass Murder with Firearms: Incidents and Victims, 1999–2013 (PDF) (Report). Congressional Research Service. p. 26.
- ^ Booty, Marisa; O’Dwyer, Jayne; Webster, Daniel; McCourt, Alex; Crifasi, Cassandra (2019). "Describing a "mass shooting": the role of databases in understanding burden". Injury Epidemiology. 6 (47): 47. doi:10.1186/s40621-019-0226-7. PMC 6889601. PMID 31828004.
- ^
- "Berzerk policeman kills 13". The Rustin Leader. 1977-12-05.
Of reasons unknown around 7pm a Rhodesian policeman began shooting with a shotgun in the Mzilikazi township of Bulawayo, killing four and injuring another. About 30 minutes after his first murders the man entered the Ross police camp and started shooting once again, killing nine, five of them children and three policemen, and wounding 15, before police was able to put an end to his life.
- "Rhodesian Policeman Kills 14". The New York Times. 1977-12-05.
- "Berserk Policeman kills 13". Reading Eagle. No. 312. 1977-12-05. p. 22 – via Google News Archive.
- "Off-duty policeman kills 13". Eugene Register-Guard. Vol. 111, no. 43. 1977-12-05. p. 3A – via Google News Archive.
- "Berzerk policeman kills 13". The Rustin Leader. 1977-12-05.
- ^ Umoja, Akinyele Omowale (2003). We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement. New York University Press. ISBN 9780814725245.
- ^
- Brennan, Tom (2001). Murder at 40 Below: True Crime Stories from Alaska. Epicenter Press. ISBN 978-0-945397-99-1.
- Hastings v. State, 736 P.2d 1157 (Court of Appeals of Alaska May 15, 1987).
- Hastings v. State, A-8783 (Court of Appeals of Alaska February 28, 2007).
- Kizzia, Tom (1983-03-08). "Death Does Not Wait For the Mail Plane". The Washington Post.
- Kizzia, Tom (1983-12-15). "After Murder Rampage, A Test of Survival". The Washington Post.
- Kizzia, Tom (1984-07-29). "6 Murders Linked to Scheme To Sabotage Alaska Pipeline". The Washington Post.
- MacLeod, Andrew (1984-07-26). "Alaska mass killer planned pipeline attack". United Press International.
- MacLeod, Andrew (1984-07-27). "Alaska mass killer gets 634 years". United Press International.
- MacLeod, Andrew (1984-07-28). "Alaska mass murderer sentenced: 634 years". United Press International.
- ^
- "Dreadful affair at Broken Hill". The Advertiser. Vol. LVII, no. 17540. 1915-01-02. p. 15-16 – via Trove.
- "Outlawry – Train attacked by Turks". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 24019. 1915-01-02. p. 11 – via Google News Archive.
- "Wild scenes at Broken Hill". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 24021. 1915-01-04. p. 10 – via Google News Archive.
- "Broken Hill Outrage". The Age. No. 18637. 1915-01-06. p. 11 – via Google News Archive.
- "Barrier Shooting – Inquest on Victims". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 24025. 1915-01-08. p. 8 – via Google News Archive.
- ^ Afghanistan: Dozens killed in bomb and gun attack on Shia mosque, Al Jazeera (August 3, 2018)
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https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/10/islamic-state-claims-attacks-on-shia-mosque-in-kabul.php
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– Terror along the Amarnath trek as blast kills 13, Rediff.com (July 21, 2001)
– Sheshnag attack was handiwork of lone Lashkar militant: Saxena, Rediff.com (August 9, 2001)
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