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User:Atavoidirc/Seperatists

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This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Africa. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.

Criteria

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What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:

  1. They are active movements with active members.
  2. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
  3. They are citizens/people of the conflict area and do not come from another country.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

Algeria

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See also: Tuareg people, Berberism, Demographics of Algeria, Ethnic groups in Algeria, and Kouloughlis
 
Location of Kabylie

  Kabylia

The Kabyle independence movement is supported by the Kabyle people, a Berber ethnic group. Kabylia was an independent from colonial Algeria until it was annexed in 1857. Supporters of independence from the region are opposed to the perceived Arabization policies pursued by the Algerian government.[5]

  Kabylia is a charter member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO)[6]

  Kabylia is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States[7]

Angola

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Cabinda
See also: Demographics of Angola

Central-Eastern Angola

  • Ethnic group:   Lunda-Tchokwé people
    • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Lunda-Tchokwé
    • Government-in-exile: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé,[8][9]
    • Political party: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé[10]
    • Advocacy groups: Mulher Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé , Pioneiros Unidos da Lunda-Tchokwé, Juventude Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé, Manifesto Jurídico Sociológico do Povo Lunda-Tchokwé[11]

  Cabinda

  Cabinda is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States[6]

Botswana

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Map of Zambesia

Ngamiland

Cameroon

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See also: Demographics of Cameroon and Ethnic groups in Cameroon
 
Proclaimed Ambazonian territory

  Ambazonia

  Ambazonia is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States[6]

 
Bakassi

  Bakassi

Central African Republic

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  Territories under control of FPRC around 2021
Further information: Central African Republic Civil War (2012–present), Demographics of the Central African Republic, and Sub-Saharan Africa
 
Areas claimed by Dar al-Kuti

  Dar El Kuti (Republic of Logone)

Dar El Kuti is a self-proclaimed state supported by the Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic (FPRC), a Muslim rebel movement in the Central African Republic.[21]

Republic of the Congo

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  South Congo (Brazzaville)[citation needed]

Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Bas-Congo
See also: Congo Crisis

  Bas-Congo

 
Katanga in green

  Katanga

Eritrea

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Southern Red Sea Region

 
Map of Dankalia, Saho, and Kunama

Equatorial Guinea

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Bioko

  Bioko

 
Annobón

Annobón

Ethiopia

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Map of the regions and zones of Ethiopia
See also: Demographics of Ethiopia, List of ethnic groups in Ethiopia, and Tigray conflict
 
Ogaden
 
Greater Somalia including Ogaden

  Ogaden (  Somali Region)

Main article: Greater Somalia
 
Oromia

  Oromia

 
Tigray region

  Tigray

Main article: Tigray War
 
Sidama region

  Sidama

 
Amhara

  Amhara[35][36]

France

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Map of Réunion
 
Map of Mayotte
See also: List of active separatist movements in North America § France, List of active separatist movements in South America § France, List of active separatist movements in Europe § France, and List of active separatist movements in Oceania § France

  Réunion

Secessionist movements:
  • Political party:   Lorganizasion Popilèr po Libèr nout Péi (Lplp) – Popular Front for National Liberation: composed of Nasion Rénioné, Mar, Drapo rouz, Patriot rénioné and Mir.
  • Political party: Communist Party of Réunion
  • Proposed state:   Republic of Réunion

  Mayotte continues to have autonomist and separatist movements despite the island having voted to become France's 101st department in 2011.[37]

Ghana

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Map of the Togoland
Main article: Western Togoland Rebellion

  Western Togoland

Kenya

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Mombasa

  Mombasa

Rift Valley, Western Province, Nyanza

Libya

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Cyrenaica in Libya

  Cyrenaica[45]

Fezzan

Mali

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Map of Azawad, as claimed by the MNLA.
Dark grey dots indicate regions with a Tuareg majority.

  Azawad

Main article: Tuareg rebellion (2007–2009)

Mauritius

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Location of Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean

  Rodrigues

Morocco

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See also: Status of Western Sahara, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Plazas de soberanía, and Berberism
 
Rifian speaking regions of Morocco (yellow)

  Rif

Main articles: Rif War and Republic of the Rif

Started in Morocco during the 1920s,[52][53] and was revitalized in 2013.[54] The Rif Independence Movement is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States.[54]

Namibia

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Map of the Caprivi

Caprivi Strip

See also: Caprivi conflict

  Rehoboth area

Nigeria

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Biafra

  Biafra

See also: Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria

  Republic of Oduduwa

 
Map of Nigeria numerically showing states typically considered part of the Niger Delta region: 1. Abia, 2. Akwa Ibom, 3. Bayelsa, 4. Cross River, 5. Delta, 6. Edo, 7.Imo, 8. Ondo, 9. Rivers

  Niger Delta[63]

 
Arewa (Northern Nigeria, Area of the Sharia Law）

Arewa[69]

  Rivers State

Portugal

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  Madeira

Senegal

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Casamance

    Casamance

Somalia

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Political map of Somalia
See also: Somali Civil War

  Somaliland

  Jubaland[72]

South Africa

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Most common map used for the Cape Republic[citation needed] or in Cape Independence movements.

  Cape Republic


  Volkstaat


  Zulu Kingdom

Spain

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Further information: National and regional identity in Spain
See also: List of active separatist movements in Europe § Spain
 
Islas Canarias
Secessionist movement

  Canary Islands

Main article: Canarian nationalism

  Canary Islands is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States[6]

autonomist

  Ceuta

Sudan

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Darfur
See also: South Sudan, Demographics of Sudan, Languages of Sudan, Kordofan, and Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile

  Darfur

Eastern Sudan

Tanzania

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Zanzibar
Main article: Zanzibar independence movement

  Zanzibar

Pemba

United Kingdom

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See also: List of active separatist movements in Europe § United Kingdom

  British Indian Ocean Territory

Zambia

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  Barotseland

Zimbabwe

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Matabeleland

Matabeleland

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Khoi-San is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States

References

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  1. ^ Young, Grace. "Kabyle people". Encyclopaedia Britannica.
  2. ^ The 2nd Kabylian Movement for Self-Determination Congress (10 December 2011). "Kabylian Movement for Self-Determination Status" (PDF). pp. Art. 19. 21. 22. 23.
  3. ^ Ferhat Mehenni. "Blog de Ferhat Mehenni". Le site officiel des Souverainistes Kabyles (in French).
  4. ^ Mouvement pour l'Autodétermination de la Kabylie. "Bienvenue sur le site officiel des Souverainistes Kabyles" (in French).
  5. ^ Merezak, Houda (2021-08-30). "The Movement for the Self-Determination of Kabylia (MAK)". Morocco World News. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "OEAS Member-States".
  7. ^ "OEAS Member-States".
  8. ^ Burnett, M. Troy, ed. (2020). "Angola". Nationalism Today: Extreme Political Movements around the World. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. pp. 63–78, pages 77–78. ISBN 978-1-4408-5000-4.
  9. ^ Bento, Lourenço (6 August 2019). "Manifesto Jurídico Sociológico Do Povo Lundês, Lança Livro Sobre Estado". Kwacha UNITA Press (KUP) (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 3 January 2020.
  10. ^ Minahan, James B. (2016). "Lunda-Chokwe". Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. p. 492. ISBN 978-1-61069-954-9.
  11. ^ Kangandjo, Isidro (3 March 2021). "Presidente do Manifesto Jurídico e Sociológico do Povo Lunda-Tchokwé avisa o governo do MPLA". Factos Diários (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 16 May 2022.
  12. ^ "Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  13. ^ a b "UNPO: Zambesia". unpo.org. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  14. ^ a b "UNPO: Zambesia: UNPO condemns oil and gas company ReconAfrica's interest in exploiting resources of the Kavango Basin". unpo.org. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  15. ^ "Moremi against secession of Ngamiland from Botswana". Moremi against secession of Ngamiland from Botswana. 2015-01-15. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  16. ^ Official Website of the Government of the Federal Republic of Ambazonia (2016). "Government of Ambazonia". Government of Ambazonia Official Website. Retrieved December 26, 2017.
  17. ^ "Southern Cameroons National Council plans street protests to have activists freed". The Post News. 2005-11-27. Archived from the original on 2016-08-16. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  18. ^ "Rebels Declare 'Independence' Of Bakassi". Up Station Mountain Club.
  19. ^ "Central African Republic rebels declare autonomous state in north". The Washington Post. 15 December 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  20. ^ Chris Roth (28 April 2014). "Springtime of Nations". Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  21. ^ Dembassa-Kette, Crispin. "Rebel declares autonomous state in Central African Republic". af.reuters.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2017.
  22. ^ "Etat du Sud Congo". Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  23. ^ "(Congo-Brazzaville) Etat du Sud-Congo : drapeau, devise, armoiries et limites géographiques". 16 September 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  24. ^ "Special Inquiry Into the Bas Congo Events of February and March" (PDF). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. May 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 30, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  25. ^ "Two Ethiopia Sponsored Armed Groups Got Terrorist Status". 2013-09-09. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  26. ^ "Saho Movement Leaders In Jail In Adi-Grat". Awate.com. 2017-09-09. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  27. ^ "Eritrean opposition says ready to attack government army". Sudan Tribune. 2009-12-30. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  28. ^ Negash, Beyan (2015-03-15). ""Pre-figurative Politics" Of The Eritrean Lowland League". Awate.com. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  29. ^ AmboLegadu, Prensa (2022-05-07). "News | Ambô Legadu". www.ambolegadu.com. Retrieved 2024-04-09.
  30. ^ "Annobon's Road to Independence". 30 December 2022.
  31. ^ "LA DECLARACIÓN DE INDEPENDENCIA DE ANNOBÓN SACUDE GUINEA ECUATORIAL. | asodeguesegundaetapa.org".
  32. ^ Temare, Getachew Gebrekiros (28 September 2019). "The Republic of Tigray? Aydeln, yekenyeley!". Retrieved 14 October 2020.
  33. ^ Asefa, Abraham (22 August 2020). "'Exit' imminent as Abiy neglects the Tigrayan 'voice'". Retrieved 14 October 2020.
  34. ^ "Ethiopia: why the Sidama secession demand needs to be negotiated". The Conversation. 30 July 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  35. ^ "Ethiopia shaken by a new and growing rebellion in Amhara". 15 August 2023.
  36. ^ "Why Ethiopia's Amhara militiamen are battling the army". 15 August 2023.
  37. ^ "Politique. Quand Mayotte deviendra département..." Archived from the original on 2010-09-14. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
  38. ^ Kantai, Parselelo (17 May 2012). "Kenya's Mombasa Republican Council : The Coast calls for freedom". The Africa Report. Jeune Afrique Media Group (JAMG). Archived from the original on 10 October 2022.
  39. ^ Torres, Luc; et al. (6 September 2012). "The separatist map of Africa: interactive". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  40. ^ Mwangi, Wachira (30 June 2022). "Puzzle of 81 suspects arrested in Mtwapa over MRC links". The Daily Nation. Archived from the original on 30 June 2022.
  41. ^ "Kenya's opposition wants to split up the country – but secession calls seldom succeed". 8 June 2023.
  42. ^ "NASA Supporters Unveil "Peoples Republic of Kenya" Flag".
  43. ^ "Azimio to push for secession in battle with Ruto as talks stall". 27 May 2023.
  44. ^ "Raila Criticised for Threatening Ruto with Secession Ultimatum - Kenyans.co.ke". 27 May 2023.
  45. ^ Cousins, Michel (2013-06-01). "Cyrenaica federalists declare self government on 64th anniversary of Emirate of Cyrenaica independence". LibyaHerald. Retrieved 2023-04-09.
  46. ^ Troy Burnett, M. (4 August 2020). Nationalism Today: Extreme Political Movements around the World. Abc-Clio. ISBN 9781440850004.
  47. ^ "Factbox: Who are the Tibu?". ChicagoHerald. 2012-04-08. Retrieved 2012-04-08.
  48. ^ Hatita, Abdul Sattar (2016-03-14). "People of Toubou Seeking Independence in Libya". ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English Archive. Retrieved 2023-06-13.
  49. ^ "Libya's Toubou tribal leader raises separatist bid". Al Arabiya English. March 27, 2012.
  50. ^ "Cry Freedom: Rodrigues Island: Case for Self-Determination". 4 March 2016.
  51. ^ "Self-determination, a reality or myth for Agaleans and Rodriguans?". 6 April 2022.
  52. ^ White Gypsies: Race and Stardom in Spanish Musical Films - Eva Woods Peiró. p. 46.
  53. ^ What the Arabs think - William Roe Polk. p. 52.
  54. ^ a b "The Rif Independence Movement Joins OEAS". Scribd. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
  55. ^ Forrest, Joshua B. (2003). Subnationalism in Africa: Ethnicity, Alliances, and Politics. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 188. ISBN 1-58826-227-8.
  56. ^ "Caprivi Liberation Front". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  57. ^ "UNPO: Rehoboth Basters: Keeping the Culture Alive". unpo.org. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
  58. ^ "UNPO: Rehoboth Basters: Post-Colonial African Independence Movements Quashed". unpo.org. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
  59. ^ "UNPO: Rehoboth Basters". unpo.org.
  60. ^ "Voice of Biafra International". www.biafraland.com. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
  61. ^ "UNPO: UNPO Welcomes 5 New Members!". unpo.org. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
  62. ^ "Oduduwa Grand Alliance For Independence, OGAFI". Retrieved 2020-07-11.
  63. ^ "Home". Indigenous Peoples Union of Niger Delta. Retrieved 2 October 2022.
  64. ^ Minahan, James B. (2016). "Urhobo". Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. p. 442–443. ISBN 978-1-61069-954-9.
  65. ^ Hazen, Jennifer M.; Jonas, Horner (2007). Small Arms, Armed Violence, and Insecurity in Nigeria: The Niger Delta in Perspective. Geneva, Switzerland: Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. p. 127. ISBN 978-2-8288-0090-1. JSTOR resrep10752.
  66. ^ Bamidele, Seun (2017). "The Resurgence of the Niger-Delta Avengers (NDAs) Group in the Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights. 24 (4): 537–552. doi:10.1163/15718115-02404003. JSTOR 26557931.
  67. ^ Hazen & Jonas 2007, p. 123
  68. ^ "The group stated that its mission was to secede from Nigeria." Adunbi, Omolade (2022). "Flames of Wealth: Crude Enclaves and Imitative Technologies of Extraction". Enclaves of Exception: Special Economic Zones and Extractive Practices in Nigeria. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 133–165, page 135. ISBN 978-0-253-05956-7.
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  70. ^ "Political Autonomy for Nigeria's Ogoniland?". 7 August 2012.
  71. ^ "Mouvement des Forces Démocratiques du le Casamance (MFDC)". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
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  73. ^ a b "Refworld | The Jubaland Initiative: Is Kenya Creating a Buffer State in Southern Somalia?". Refworld.
  74. ^ "Somalia upset with Kenya's 'push' for Jubaland autonomy". 12 February 2020.
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  76. ^ "Vryheidsfront Plus". vfplus.org.za. Retrieved 2021-07-18.
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  78. ^ "CapeXit.org – Own your future – Eien jou toekoms". Retrieved 2021-07-18.
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  80. ^ "Ek is wit en trots daarop". Mail & Guardian. 2008-10-12. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  81. ^ Members: Afrikaner, Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
  82. ^ "Sudan or Chad? Why a Darfur sultan regrets a twist of colonial fate". BBC News. 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  83. ^ a b "بعد ذهاب جنوبه... هل ينفصل شمال السودان إلى دولتين؟". رصيف22 (in Arabic). 2021-09-06. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  84. ^ "Eastern Sudan rocked by protests and calls for independence". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  85. ^ a b "Eastern Sudan's Beja threaten to take up arms against Khartoum - Sudan | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 2015-07-27. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  86. ^ "Contagion of discontent: Muslim extremism spreads down east Africa coastline". The Economist. 3 November 2012.
  87. ^ "Pemba Island Native Army".
  88. ^ "UK to open negotiations over future of Chagos Islands". BBC News. 2022-11-03. Retrieved 2023-05-23.
  89. ^ Revi, Vinitha. "Chaos over Chagos: Is the sovereignty dispute coming to an end?". ORF. Retrieved 2023-05-23.
  90. ^ Wintour, Patrick (2022-11-04). "UK agrees to negotiate with Mauritius over handover of Chagos Islands". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-05-23.
  91. ^ "Chagos Islands All-Party Group: Reformation & Coordinator's Summary". chagos-support. 2020-02-09. Retrieved 2023-05-23.
  92. ^ "Barotseland kingdom seeks to leave Zambia". BBC News. 29 March 2012.
  93. ^ "Bembas Through Kola Foundation Starts Mobilizing For 2026 Presidential And General Elections". 18 December 2023.
  94. ^ "Kola Foundation has a political agenda - Kabuswe". 21 December 2023.
  95. ^ "Kola Foundation distractive to National Unity". 19 December 2023.
  96. ^ "ONE ZAMBIA TWO LAWS OF "CUUNDU CAITWA" LEGALLY CONVENED IN 2015 WHILE "UMODZI KUM'MAWA IS ILLEGALISED AND TRIBALISED IN 2023- Kasebamashila Kaseba". 18 December 2023.
  97. ^ "Chuundu Caitwa asks President Lungu to fire Kambwili, Davies Chama and Mumbi Phiri". 20 July 2015.
  98. ^ "Umodzi Kumawa Forum Denounces Tribal Labels Amidst Political Condemnation". 15 December 2023.
  99. ^ Magagula, David (28 December 2011). "Mthwakazi Liberation Front is 1 year old - Achievements and the road ahead". Bulawayo24 News. Archived from the original on 9 January 2012.
  100. ^ "Zimbabwe: The Mthwakazi Liberation Front (MLF), including structure, leadership, membership, objectives, activities, and areas of operation; treatment of members by authorities (2013-April 2018)". Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 23 April 2018. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018.
  101. ^ "Matabeleland Freedom Party". Archived from the original on 19 March 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  102. ^ "Mthwakazi Republic Party".[permanent dead link]
  103. ^ "Mthwakazi threat to take down Nehanda statue from Bulawayo arts centre". Archived from the original on 28 October 2019.
  104. ^ Ncube, Mbekezeli (11 May 2022). "Radical opposition Mthwakazi Republic Party dismisses claims of coalition talks with CCC". New Zimbabwe. Archived from the original on 11 May 2022.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Active Separatist Movements In Africa, List Of}} [[Category:Africa-related lists|Separatist Movements, Active]] [[Category:Disputed territories in Africa|Separatist Movements In Africa, Active]] [[Category:Lists of active separatist movements|Africa]] [[Category:Society-related lists|Separatist Movements In Africa, Active]]

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