User:Neegzistuoja/sandbox

List of landmasses connected via bridge or similar

Should every dependent territory be a separate country?

• Honshu and Shikoku via the Honshū–Shikoku Bridge Project, Kyushu via the Kanmon Railway Tunnel, etc., and Hokkaido via the Seikan Tunnel. By similar logic, Great Britain and Eurasia are connected via the Channel Tunnel.

• Eurasia and Hong Kong are linked by the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge.

• Java and Madura are connected by the Suramadu Bridge.

• Samar and Leyte are linked by the San Juanico Bridge.

List of large islands governed by but not physically connected to larger areas of land that might, for the sake of fostering cultural connections between governments and the land they govern, lead to improved sustainable use

Considering alternate structures for global peace beyond the UN, perhaps through continental confederations based on land connections? Initial concept needs further development.

• Tasmania
• Northern Ireland
• Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, etc.
• Sabah and Sarawak
• South Island, New Zealand
• Baffin Island
• Sakhalin
• Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego
• Marajó
• Spitsbergen
• New Britain
• Vancouver Island
• Hainan? Uncertain about the significance of the Guangdong–Hainan railway...
• Sicily? Uncertain about the relevance of the Strait of Messina Bridge...

List of international trips made by Penny Wong as Minister for Foreign Affairs

This is a list of international visits made by Senator Penny Wong in her capacity as the Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs, a role in which she has served since 23 May 2022. In the first 12 months of the Albanese Government, several media outlets noted Wong's influence on a perceived reengagement of Australian diplomacy, not merely as a result of her being the first Asian-Australian Foreign Minister, but also due to her busy travel itinerary.

[Insert list here]

National election candidates by popular vote per month

See User:Neegzistuoja/sandbox2 for infoboxes listing the most successful candidates who contested a national election in recent months.

G20 head of state/government elections since 2000

The following table lists elections for heads of state and government in member states of the G20 since the year 2000. There may be some exclusions in the list of elections, and some inaccuracies in popular vote, and ordering and naming of parties.

Date	Country	Elected leader		First party				Second party				Third party
				Party		Popular vote	%	Party		Popular vote	%	Party		Popular vote	%
26 March 2000	Russia	President	Vladimir Putin		Vladimir Putin	39,740,467	53.4%		Communist Party of the Russian Federation	21,928,468	29.5%		Yabloko	4,351,450	5.9%
25 June 2000	Japan	Prime Minister	Yoshirō Mori		Liberal Democratic Party	16,943,425	28.31%		Democratic Party of Japan	15,067,990	25.18%		New Kōmeitō Party	7,762,032	12.97%
2 July 2000	Mexico	President	Vicente Fox		National Action Party	15,989,636	42.52%		Institutional Revolutionary Party	13,579,718	36.11%		Party of the Democratic Revolution	6,256,780	16.64%
7 November 2000	United States	President	George W. Bush		Republican Party	50,456,002	47.87%		Democratic Party	50,999,897	48.38%		Green Party	2,882,955	2.74%
27 November 2000	Canada	Prime Minister	Jean Chrétien		Liberal Party of Canada	5,252,031	40.85%		Canadian Alliance	3,276,929	25.49%		Bloc Québécois	1,377,727	10.72%
13 May 2001	Italy	Prime Minister	Silvio Berlusconi		Forza Italia	16,915,513	45.4%		The Daisy	16,209,944	43.5%		Communist Refoundation Party	1,868,659	5.0%
7 June 2001	United Kingdom	Prime Minister	Tony Blair		Labour Party	10,724,953	40.7%		Conservative Party	8,357,615	31.7%		Liberal Democrats	4,814,321	18.3%
10 November 2001	Australia	Prime Minister	John Howard		Liberal-National Coalition	4,924,959	43.33%		Australian Labor Party	4,341,420	37.84%		Australian Democrats	620,197	5.41%
21 April 2002	France	President	TBD (2nd round)		Rally for the Republic	5,665,855	19.88%		National Front	4,804,713	16.86%		Socialist Party	4,610,113	16.18%
5 May 2002			Jacques Chirac			25,537,956	82.21%			5,525,032	17.79%	—
9 June 2002		Prime Minister	TBD (2nd round)		Union for a Popular Movement	8,408,023	33.30%		Union for French Democracy	1,226,462	4.86%		Socialist Party	6,086,599	24.11%
16 June 2002			Jean-Pierre Raffarin			10,026,669	47.26%		Socialist Party	7,482,169	35.26%		Union for French Democracy	832,784	3.92%
22 September 2002	Germany	Chancellor	Gerhard Schröder		Social Democratic Party of Germany	18,488,668	38.5%		CDU/CSU	18,482,641	38.5%		Alliance '90/The Greens	4,110,355	8.6%
6 October 2002	Brazil	President	TBD (2nd round)		Workers' Party	39,436,099	46.4%		Brazilian Social Democracy Party	19,694,843	23.2%		Brazilian Socialist Party	15,176,204	17.9%
27 October 2002			Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva			52,772,475	61.3%			33,356,860	38.7%	—
3 November 2002	Turkey	Prime Minister	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan		Justice and Development Party	10,808,229	34.28%		Republican People's Party	6,113,352	19.39%		True Path Party	3,008,942	9.54%
19 December 2002	South Korea	President	Roh Moo-hyun		Millennium Democratic Party	12,014,277	48.91%		Grand National Party	11,443,297	46.59%		Democratic Labor Party	957,148	3.90%
18 March 2003	China	President	Hu Jintao		Communist Party of China	2,170	72.9%		Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang	480	16%	—
27 April 2003	Argentina	President	Néstor Kirchner		Front for Victory	4,312,517	22.2%		Front for Loyalty	4,740,907	24.5%		Recreate for Growth	3,173,475	16.4%
9 November 2003	Japan	Prime Minister	Junichiro Koizumi		Liberal Democratic Party	20,660,185	34.96%		Democratic Party of Japan	22,095,636	37.39%		New Kōmeitō Party	8,733,444	14.78%
14 March 2004	Russia	President	Vladimir Putin		Vladimir Putin	49,558,328	71.9%		Communist Party of the Russian Federation	9,514,554	13.8%		Sergey Glazyev	2,850,610	4.1%
14 April 2004	South Africa	President	Thabo Mbeki		African National Congress	10,880,915	66.69%		Democratic Alliance	1,931,201	12.37%		Inkatha Freedom Party	1,088,664	6.97%
10 May 2004	India	Prime Minister	Manmohan Singh		Indian National Congress	138,312,337	35.4%		Bharatiya Janata Party	128,931,001	33.3%		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	30,578,698	7.7%
13 June 2004	European Union	President of the European Commission	Hans-Gert Pöttering		European People's Party Group	52,567,771	36.6%		Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats	43,327,099	25.3%		Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Group	Un­known	12.0%
28 June 2004	Canada	Prime Minister	Paul Martin		Liberal Party of Canada	4,982,220	36.73%		Conservative Party of Canada	4,019,498	25.49%		Bloc Québécois	1,680,109	12.39%
5 July 2004	Indonesia	President	TBD (2nd round)		Democratic Party	39,838,184	33.57%		Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle	31,569,104	26.61%		Party of the Functional Groups	26,286,788	22.15%
20 September 2004			Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono			69,266,350	60.62%			44,990,704	39.38%	—
9 October 2004	Australia	Prime Minister	John Howard		Liberal-National Coalition	5,471,588	46.70%		Australian Labor Party	4,408,820	37.63%		Australian Greens	841,734	7.19%
2 November 2004	United States	President	George W. Bush		Republican Party	62,040,610	50.73%		Democratic Party	59,028,444	48.27%		Ralph Nader	465,151	0.38%
5 May 2005	United Kingdom	Prime Minister	Tony Blair		Labour Party	9,552,436	35.2%		Conservative Party	8,784,915	32.4%		Liberal Democrats	5,985,454	22.0%
11 September 2005	Japan	Prime Minister	Junichiro Koizumi		Liberal Democratic Party	25,887,798	38.18%		Democratic Party of Japan	21,036,425	31.02%		New Kōmeitō Party	8,987,620	13.25%
18 September 2005	Germany	Chancellor	Angela Merkel		CDU/CSU	16,631,049	35.2%		Social Democratic Party of Germany	16,194,665	34.2%		Free Democratic Party	4,648,144	9.8%
23 January 2006	Canada	Prime Minister	Stephen Harper		Conservative Party of Canada	5,374,071	36.27%		Liberal Party of Canada	4,479,415	30.23%		Bloc Québécois	1,553,201	10.48%
10 April 2006	Italy	Prime Minister	Romano Prodi		The Olive Tree	19,036,986	49.8%		Forza Italia	18,995,697	49.7%		North-East Project	93,172	0.27%
2 July 2006	Mexico	President	Felipe Calderón		National Action Party	15,000,284	35.89%		Party of the Democratic Revolution	14,756,350	35.31%		Institutional Revolutionary Party	9,301,441	22.26%
1 October 2006	Brazil	President	TBD (2nd round)		Workers' Party	46,662,365	48.61%		Brazilian Social Democracy Party	39,968,369	41.64%		Socialism and Liberty Party	6,575,393	6.85%
29 October 2006			Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva			58,295,042	60.83%			37,543,178	39.17%	—
22 April 2007	France	President	TBD (2nd round)		Union for a Popular Movement	11,448,663	31.18%		Socialist Party	9,500,112	25.87%		Union for French Democracy	6,820,119	18.57%
6 May 2007			Nicolas Sarkozy			18,983,138	53.06%			16,790,440	46.94%	—
10 June 2007		Prime Minister	TBD (2nd round)			10,289,737	39.54%		New Centre	616,440	2.37%		Socialist Party	6,436,520	24.73%
17 June 2007			François Fillon			9,463,408	46.37%		Socialist Party	8,622,529	42.25%		New Centre	433,057	2.12%
22 July 2007	Turkey	Prime Minister	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan		Justice and Development Party	16,327,291	46.58%		Republican People's Party	7,317,808	20.88%		Nationalist Movement Party	5,001,869	14.27%
28 October 2007	Argentina	President	Cristina Fernández de Kirchner		Front for Victory	8,651,066	45.29%		Support for an Egalitarian Republic	4,401,981	23.04%		Radical Civic Union	3,229,648	16.91%
24 November 2007	Australia	Prime Minister	Kevin Rudd		Australian Labor Party	5,388,184	43.38%		Liberal-National Coalition	5,229,024	42.09%		Australian Greens	967,789	7.79%
19 December 2007	South Korea	President	Lee Myung-bak		Grand National Party	11,492,389	48.7%		United New Democratic Party	6,174,681	26.1%		Lee Hoi-chang	3,559,963	15.1%
2 March 2008	Russia	President	Dmitry Medvedev		United Russia	52,530,712	71.2%		Communist Party of the Russian Federation	13,243,550	18.0%		Liberal Democratic Party of Russia	6,988,510	9.5%
18 March 2008	China	President	Hu Jintao		Communist Party of China	2,099	70.2%		Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang	888	29.7%	—
14 April 2008	Italy	Prime Minister	Silvio Berlusconi		The People of Freedom	17,063,874	46.8%		Democratic Party	13,686,673	37.5%		Union of the Centre	2,050,309	5.6%
14 October 2008	Canada	Prime Minister	Stephen Harper		Conservative Party of Canada	5,209,069	37.65%		Liberal Party of Canada	3,633,185	26.26%		Bloc Québécois	1,379,991	9.98%
4 November 2008	United States	President	Barack Obama		Democratic Party	69,498,516	52.93%		Republican Party	59,948,323	45.65%		Ralph Nader	739,034	0.56%
22 April 2009	South Africa	President	Jacob Zuma		African National Congress	11,650,748	65.90%		Democratic Alliance	2,945,829	16.66%		Congress of the People	1,311,027	7.42%
13 May 2009	India	Prime Minister	Manmohan Singh		Indian National Congress	153,482,356	37.22%		Bharatiya Janata Party	102,689,312	24.63%		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	88,174,229	21.15%
7 June 2009	European Union	President of the European Commission	José Manuel Barroso		European People's Party Group	Un­known	36%		Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats	Un­known	25%		Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Group	Un­known	11.4%
8 July 2009	Indonesia	President	Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono		Democratic Party	73,874,562	60.80%		Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle	32,548,105	26.79%		Golkar	15,081,814	12.41%
30 August 2009	Japan	Prime Minister	Yukio Hatoyama		Democratic Party of Japan	29,844,799	42.41%		Liberal Democratic Party	18,810,217	26.73%		New Kōmeitō Party	8,054,007	11.45%
27 September 2009	Germany	Chancellor	Angela Merkel		CDU/CSU	14,658,515	33.8%		Social Democratic Party of Germany	9,990,488	23.0%		Free Democratic Party	6,316,080	14.6%
6 May 2010	United Kingdom	Prime Minister	David Cameron		Conservative Party	10,703,654	36.1%		Labour Party	8,606,517	29.0%		Liberal Democrats	6,836,248	23.0%
21 August 2010	Australia	Prime Minister	Julia Gillard		Australian Labor Party	4,711,363	37.99%		Liberal-National Coalition	5,365,529	43.32%		Australian Greens	1,458,998	11.76%
3 October 2010	Brazil	President	TBD (2nd round)		Workers' Party	47,651,434	46.91%		Brazilian Social Democracy Party	33,132,283	32.61%		Green Party	19,636,359	19.33%
31 October 2010			Dilma Rousseff			55,752,529	56.05%			43,711,388	43.95%	—
2 May 2011	Canada	Prime Minister	Stephen Harper		Conservative Party of Canada	5,832,401	53.90%		New Democratic Party	4,508,474	30.63%		Liberal Party of Canada	2,783,175	11.04%
12 June 2011	Turkey	Prime Minister	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan		Justice and Development Party	21,399,082	49.83%		Republican People's Party	11,155,972	25.98%		Nationalist Movement Party	5,585,513	13.01%
23 October 2011	Argentina	President	Cristina Fernández de Kirchner		Front for Victory	11,865,055	54.1%		Socialist Party	3,684,970	16.8%		Radical Civic Union	2,443,016	11.1%
4 March 2012	Russia	President	Vladimir Putin		United Russia	46,602,075	63.6%		Communist Party of the Russian Federation	12,318,353	17.2%		Mikhail Prokhorov	5,722,508	8.0%
22 April 2012	France	President	TBD (2nd round)		Socialist Party	10,272,705	28.63%		Union for a Popular Movement	9,753,629	27.18%		National Front	6,421,426	17.90%
6 May 2012			François Hollande			18,000,668	51.64%			16,860,685	48.36%	—
10 June 2012		Prime Minister	TBD (2nd round)			7,617,996	29.35%			7,037,471	27.12%		Europe Ecology – The Greens	1,418,141	5.46%
17 June 2012			Jean-Marc Ayrault			9,420,426	40.91%			8,740,625	37.95%			828,916	3.15%
1 July 2012	Mexico	President	Enrique Peña Nieto		Institutional Revolutionary Party	19,226,284	38.21%		Party of the Democratic Revolution	15,896,999	31.59%		National Action Party	12,786,647	25.41%
6 November 2012	United States	President	Barack Obama		Democratic Party	65,915,795	51.06%		Republican Party	60,933,504	47.20%		Libertarian Party	1,275,971	0.99%
16 December 2012	Japan	Prime Minister	Shinzō Abe		Liberal Democratic Party	16,624,457	27.62%		Democratic Party of Japan	9,268,653	15.49%		Japan Restoration Party	12,262,228	20.38%
19 December 2012	South Korea	President	Park Geun-hye		Saenuri Party	15,773,128	51.55%		Democratic United Party	14,692,632	47.02%		Kang Ji-won	53,303	0.17%
25 February 2013	Italy	Prime Minister	Enrico Letta		Democratic Party	10,047,507	29.5%		The People of Freedom	9,923,100	29.1%		Five Star Movement	8,688,545	25.5%
16 March 2013	China	President	Xi Jinping		Communist Party of China	2,170	72.21%		Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang	830	27.79%	—
7 September 2013	Australia	Prime Minister	Tony Abbott		Liberal-National Coalition	5,882,818	46.70%		Australian Labor Party	4,311,365	33.38%		Australian Greens	1,116,918	8.65%
22 September 2013	Germany	Chancellor	Angela Merkel		CDU/CSU	18,165,446	41.5%		Social Democratic Party of Germany	11,252,215	25.7%		The Left	3,755,699	8.6%
7 May 2014	South Africa	President	Jacob Zuma		African National Congress	11,436,921	62.15%		Democratic Alliance	4,091,584	22.23%		Economic Freedom Fighters	1,169,259	6.35%
12 May 2014	India	Prime Minister	Narendra Modi		Bharatiya Janata Party	171,660,230	31.34%		Indian National Congress	106,935,942	19.52%		All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	18,111,579	3.27%
25 May 2014	European Union	President of the European Commission	Jean-Claude Juncker		European People's Party Group	38,610,376	29.4%		Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats	40,202,068	25.4%		European Conservatives and Reformists	8,612,168	9.3%
9 July 2014	Indonesia	President	Joko Widodo		Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle	70,997,833	53.15%		Great Indonesia Movement Party	62,576,444	46.85%	—
10 August 2014	Turkey	President	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan		Justice and Development Party	21,000,143	51.79%		Republican People's Party alliance	15,587,720	38.44%		Peoples' Democratic Party	3,958,048	9.76%
5 October 2014	Brazil	President	TBD (2nd round)		Workers' Party	43,267,668	41.59%		Brazilian Social Democracy Party	34,897,211	33.55%		Brazilian Socialist Party	22,176,619	21.32%
26 October 2014			Dilma Rousseff			54,501,119	51.64%			51,041,155	48.36%	—
14 December 2014	Japan	Prime Minister	Shinzō Abe		Liberal Democratic Party	17,658,916	33.11%		Democratic Party of Japan	9,775,991	18.33%		Japan Innovation Party	8,382,699	15.72%
7 May 2015	United Kingdom	Prime Minister	David Cameron		Conservative Party	11,334,576	36.9%		Labour Party	9,347,304	30.4%		Scottish National Party	1,454,436	4.7%
7 June 2015	Turkey	Prime Minister	Ahmet Davutoğlu		Justice and Development Party	18,867,411	40.87%		Republican People's Party	11,518,139	24.95%		Nationalist Movement Party	7,520,006	16.29%
19 October 2015	Canada	Prime Minister	Justin Trudeau		Liberal Party of Canada	6,943,276	39.47%		Conservative Party of Canada	5,613,614	31.91%		New Democratic Party	3,470,350	13.02%
25 October 2015	Argentina	President	TBD (2nd round)		Front for Victory	9,338,490	37.08%		Republican Proposal	8,601,131	34.15%		Renewal Front	5,386,977	21.39%
1 November 2015	Turkey	Prime Minister	Ahmet Davutoğlu		Justice and Development Party	23,681,926	49.50%		Republican People's Party	12,111,812	25.32%		Peoples' Democratic Party	5,148,085	10.76%
22 November 2015	Argentina	President	Mauricio Macri		Republican Proposal	12,997,938	51.34%		Front for Victory	12,317,329	48.66%	—
2 July 2016	Australia	Prime Minister	Malcolm Turnbull		Liberal-National Coalition	5,693,605	42.04%		Australian Labor Party	4,702,296	34.73%		Australian Greens	1,385,650	10.23%
8 November 2016	United States	President	Donald Trump		Republican Party	62,984,825	46.09%		Democratic Party	65,853,516	48.18%		Libertarian Party	4,489,221	3.28%
23 April 2017	France	President	TBD (2nd round)		En Marche!	8,657,326	24.01%		National Front	7,679,493	21.30%		The Republicans	7,213,797	20.01%
7 May 2017			Emmanuel Macron			20,743,128	66.10%			10,638,475	33.90%	—
9 May 2017	South Korea	President	Moon Jae-in		Democratic Party of Korea	13,423,800	41.08%		Liberty Korea Party	7,852,849	24.03%		People's Party	6,998,342	21.41%
8 June 2017	United Kingdom	Prime Minister	Theresa May		Conservative Party	13,636,690	42.3%		Labour Party	12,877,869	40.0%		Scottish National Party	977,568	3.0%
11 June 2017	France	Prime Minister	TBD (2nd round)		En Marche!	7,323,496	32.33%		The Republicans	4,885,997	21.57%		Socialist Party	2,154,269	9.51%
18 June 2017			Édouard Philippe			8,926,901	49.11%			4,898,061	26.95%			1,361,190	7.49%
24 September 2017	Germany	Chancellor	Angela Merkel		CDU/CSU	15,315,576	32.9%		Social Democratic Party of Germany	9,538,367	20.5%		Alternative for Germany	5,877,094	12.6%
22 October 2017	Japan	Prime Minister	Shinzō Abe		Liberal Democratic Party	18,555,717	33.27%		Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan	11,084,890	19.87%		Kibō no Tō	9,677,524	17.35%

Political affiliations of post-WWII United States Presidents

World Heritage Site location maps

Gondwana Rainforests

Wet Tropics of Queensland

Great Barrier Reef

Fraser Island

Riversleigh

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World Heritage Sites in Queensland

First Australian award recipients

Olympic Medal: Edwin Flack, Summer Olympics 1896 (Gold in Athletics - Men's 800 metres & Men's 1500 metres)

Nobel Prize: William Lawrence Bragg, Physics 1915 (with William Henry Bragg)

Academy Award: Ken G. Hall and Damien Parer, Best Documentary Feature 1942 (Kokoda Front Line!)

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: Howard Florey, 1945 (with Alexander Fleming and Ernst Boris Chain)

Tony Award: Judith Anderson, Best Actress in a Play 1948 (Medea)

Tennis Grand Slam: Ken McGregor and Frank Sedgman, Men's Doubles 1951

Golden Globe Award: Victoria Shaw, New Star of the Year - Actress 1956

Grammy Award: Joan Sutherland, Best Classical Performance - Vocal Soloist (with or without orchestra) 1962 (The Art of the Prima Donna)

Nobel Prize in Literature: Patrick White, 1973

Nobel Prize in Chemistry: John Cornforth, 1975 (with Vladimir Prelog)

Man Booker Prize: Thomas Keneally, 1982 (Schindler's Ark)

Grammy Award for Song of the Year: Terry Britten, 1985 (What's Love Got to Do with It with Graham Lyle)

Winter Olympic Medal: Steven Bradbury, Kieran Hansen, Andrew Murtha and Richard Nizielski, Winter Olympics 1994 (Bronze in Short track speed skating - Men's 5000 metre relay)

Winter Olympic Gold Medal: Steven Bradbury, Winter Olympics 2002 (Short track speed skating - Men's 1000 metres)

Golden Raspberry Award: Nicole Kidman, Worst Screen Couple 2005 (Bewitched with Will Ferrell)

Fields Medal: Terence Tao, 2006

Tour de France: Cadel Evans, 2011

Masters Tournament: Adam Scott, 2013

Historically interesting stories of Black people in non-Black contexts

• Gaspar Yanga
• Yasuke
• Mathieu da Costa
• Abram Petrovich Gannibal
• Ayuba Suleiman Diallo
• Gustav Badin
• John Caesar
• Billy Blue
• Black Jack Anderson
• Hans Jonatan
• Matthew Henson
• Rosa Lemberg
• Ahmet Ali Çelikten
• George W. Gibbs Jr.
• Alan Blake
• Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez

100 Million Club

Leaders of nations with a population of 100 million or greater.

• 
  China
  Xi Jinping, President
• 
  India
  Narendra Modi, Prime Minister
• 
  United States
  Joe Biden, President
• 
  Indonesia
  Joko Widodo, President
• 
  Nigeria
  Muhammadu Buhari, President
• 
  Brazil
  Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President
• 
  Bangladesh
  Sheikh Hasina, Prime Minister
• 
  Russia
  Vladimir Putin, President
• 
  Mexico
  Andrés Manuel López Obrador, President
• 
  Japan
  Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister
• 
  Philippines
  Bongbong Marcos, President
• 
  Ethiopia
  Abiy Ahmed, Prime Minister
• 
  Egypt
  Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, President
• 
  Vietnam
  Võ Thị Ánh Xuân, President
• 
  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Félix Tshisekedi, President

New!

• Draft:He Huang
• Harleen Kaur
  • https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ucic-founder-from-nasa-engineer-to-female-entrepreneur_b_586416b1e4b068764965bf98
  • https://thestoryexchange.org/woman-reaching-startup-stars/
  • https://www.forbes.com/sites/moiravetter/2017/02/09/vision-capital-from-nasa-engineer-to-female-tech-startup-ceo/
  • https://www.mediavillage.com/article/ground-news-founder-harleen-kaur-on-addressing-media-bias/
  • https://www.womenofinfluence.ca/2020/06/25/qa-how-harleen-kaur-is-adapting-to-a-new-normal/
  • https://uwaterloo.ca/news/combatting-misinformation
  • https://www.pressclubinstitute.org/2021/02/23/how-an-ex-nasa-engineer-is-fighting-bias-in-media-with-ground-news/
  • https://www.inspiremore.com/harleen-kaur-ground-news/
  • https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/how-ex-nasa-engineer-fights-bias-fake-reports-with-worlds-1st-news-comparison-app/articleshow/84010865.cms
  • https://thinkgrowprosper.com/blog/harleen-kaur
  • https://www.mediamasters.fm/harleen-kaur/
• Urvi Majumdar
  • https://womenscovid19archive.com/urvimajumdar
  • https://colourboxstudio.com/tackling-fear-and-finding-creative-freedom-with-urvi-majumdar/
  • https://www.smh.com.au/culture/comedy/from-childhood-as-an-outsider-urvi-made-comedy-her-community-20230831-p5e11e.html
  • https://www.indianlink.com.au/cutting-chai-with-urvi-majumdar-comedian-writer/
  • https://glamadelaide.com.au/fringe-review-burnt/'
  • https://aii.unimelb.edu.au/the-growing-indian-diaspora-in-victoria-past-present-and-future-with-urvi-majumdar/
  • https://drawyourbox.com/posts/urvi-majumdar-interview (Kolkata)
  • https://if.com.au/going-under-urvi-went-to-an-all-girls-school-westerners-selected-for-fresh-blood-production-funding/
  • https://radioinfo.com.au/podcast-info/south-asian-australian-comedians-share-comedy-karma-in-new-sbs-podcast/
  • https://www.aiyd.org/aiyd-2023-australian/urvi-majumdar
  • https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/urvi-went-to-an-all-girls-school-2025/42215
  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNTA3J19FBw
• Yasmin Poole
  • https://www.theage.com.au/politics/federal/young-women-are-turning-off-a-career-in-politics-but-we-can-fix-this-20180711-p4zqw5.html
  • https://www.plan.org.au/news/girls-rights/a-voice-for-equality/
  • https://womensagenda.com.au/latest/yasmin-poole-says-the-age-where-young-women-simply-sit-down-listen-is-over/
  • https://womensagenda.com.au/latest/yasmin-poole-named-youth-influencer-of-the-year-%E2%80%A8%E2%80%A8%E2%80%A8/
  • https://www.plan.org.au/media-centre/plan-international-australia-ambassador-yasmin-poole-wins-prestigious-global-youth-influencer-award/
  • https://womensagenda.com.au/girls-covid/education-and-economic-opportunities/yasmin-poole-which-female-leader-most-inspires-you-so-often-the-answer-is-my-mother/
  • https://www.witchery.co.nz/style-collective/yasmin-poole/ (Muslim migrant mother)
  • https://www.smh.com.au/national/aged-just-22-melburnian-yasmin-poole-is-already-having-a-global-impact-20210430-p57nxm.html
  • https://www.mecca.com/en-au/mecca-memo/lifestyle/mpower-yasmin-poole-interview/ (mixed race)
  • https://www.advanceaustralia.org.au/new_aussie_rhodes_scholar_to_study_intersectional_gender_equality_at_oxford (Gold Coast, Tim Watts, Victoria)
  • https://www.hawkerscholarship.org/scholars/miss-yasmin-poole/ (Axedale farm, AB Paterson College)
  • https://www.hawkerscholarship.org/where-are-they-now/yasmin-poole-2019/
  • https://cass.anu.edu.au/news/anu-international-relationslaw-student-yasmin-poole-named-rhodes-scholar
  • https://www.theurbanlist.com/a-list/30-faces-yasmin-poole
  • https://www.anu.edu.au/alumni/alumni-features/yasmin-poole-and-her-anu-mentor (mixed race)
  • https://www.smh.com.au/national/when-yasmin-23-met-the-pm-59-she-was-pleased-he-mainly-listened-i-know-right-20220902-p5beum.html (Bendigo)
  • https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/people/yasmin-poole
  • https://isismagazine.org.uk/2023/11/icon-of-the-week-yasmin-poole/ (Muslim mother)
  • https://www.youngausint.org.au/post/young-women-to-watch-5-years-on-yasmin-poole
  • https://burgmann.anu.edu.au/bursaries-scholarship-impact-stories/yasmin-pooles-story (Melbourne, Gold Coast)
  • https://www.vic.gov.au/yasmin-poole
• Zena Cumpston
  • https://www.adelaidereview.com.au/latest/opinion/2019/12/02/first-nations-knowledge-deeper-conversation/
  • https://theconversation.com/to-address-the-ecological-crisis-aboriginal-peoples-must-be-restored-as-custodians-of-country-108594
  • https://students.unimelb.edu.au/student-precinct/project-updates/a-guide-to-indigenous-plants-by-zena-cumpston
  • https://culturalcommons.edu.au/heal-country-in-conversation-with-zena-cumpston/
  • https://wonderground.press/culture/on-country-zena-cumpston/
  • https://www.rrr.org.au/on-demand/segments/uncommon-sense-zena-cumpston-on-centring-aboriginal-knowledge-and-our-custodial-obligations-to-country
  • https://www.artforall.com.au/feature-artists-2023/zena-cumpston
  • https://www.ngaratya.com.au/curators-foreword
  • https://www.ngaratya.com.au/artists/zena-cumpston
  • https://nit.com.au/22-04-2023/5689/six-talented-barkandjibarkindji-artists-have-been-brought-together-to-collaborate-on-a-fresh-and-vibrant-art-exhibition-ngaratya
  • https://maribyrnonghobsonsbay.starweekly.com.au/news/discussing-plants-with-zena-cumpston/
  • https://www.bunjilplace.com.au/events/curator-talk-nici-cumpston-and-zena-cumpston
  • https://www.bundanon.com.au/artist/zena-cumpston/?srsltid=AfmBOoo74Y93-HxETSnAN8cA59t51wovj18r01Qs1OlqR5YwLLtKPG45
  • https://www.rrr.org.au/on-demand/segments/uncommon-sense-zena-cumpston-on-celebrating-indigenous-plant-culture-knowledge-through-art
  • https://fremantlepress.com.au/contributor/zena-cumpston/
  • https://www.wheelercentre.com/people/zena-cumpston
  • https://about.informit.org/indigenous-scholars/zena-cumpston/
• Mary Graham
  • https://www.futuredreaming.org.au/about/governance/directors/mary-graham/#uagb-tabs__tab1
  • https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/conversations/indigenous-elder-mary-graham-describes-the-essence-of-indigenous/7756396
  • https://theconversation.com/what-residents-of-an-english-mining-town-learned-from-visiting-aboriginal-communities-41847
  • https://wp.lancs.ac.uk/good-culture/participants/mary-graham/
  • https://www.greeninstitute.org.au/indigenous-conceptions-governance/
  • https://www.theblackcard.com.au/dr-mary-graham/
  • https://www.scienceaustralia.org.au/mary-graham/
  • https://bond.edu.au/news/timeless-wisdom-from-worlds-oldest-living-civilisation
  • https://www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2023/07/two-community-members-awarded-uq%E2%80%99s-highest-honour
  • https://stories.uq.edu.au/contact-magazine/2023/celebrating-aunty-mary-graham/index.html
  • https://www.earthlaws.org.au/event/elm23-12sept-relationist-economics-with-mary-graham/
  • https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/philosopherszone/the-philosophers-zone/102961342
  • https://blog.earthlaws.org.au/2024/04/working-on-future-law-with-mary-graham/
• Arwa Mahdawi
  • https://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/29837/1/there-is-now-a-site-that-lets-you-rent-a-minority
  • https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-35589621
  • https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2016/02/18/467253401/rent-a-minority-promises-a-satirical-solution-to-diversity-problems
  • https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/02/minorities-for-rent/470145/
  • https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/mar/21/us-census-whiteness-race-colour-middle-east-north-africa-america
  • https://theworld.org/stories/2017/03/28/arab-americans-lobbied-their-own-us-census-box-will-it-backfire
  • https://www.pcma.org/cracking-wise/
  • https://wfanet.org/knowledge/item/2021/10/04/Is-it-an-advantage-to-be-a-woman-in-marketing?
  • https://howtoacademy.com/events/arwa-mahdawi-lessons-from-women-in-power/
  • https://willreadforbooze.com/2022/05/01/drunk-review-strong-female-lead-by-arwa-mahdawi/
  • https://www.therealfinancementor.com/book-reviews/strong-female-lead-by-arwa-mahdawi
  • https://capsulenz.com/think/next-generation-female-leaders/
  • https://www.npr.org/2023/11/12/1212566534/writer-says-palestinian-lives-are-undervalued
• Gina Chick
  • https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2023/may/25/alone-australia-winner-takes-home-250000-after-67-days-i-was-like-no-im-just-getting-started
  • https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/gina-chick-scores-250000-after-winning-extreme-aussie-series-alone/news-story/9b0adfc12c0a2f314f2963a3a51df91d
  • https://www.mamamia.com.au/gina-chick-alone-australia-2023/
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20230530050727/https://junkee.com/alone-australia-gina-chick-interview/351473
  • https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-06-09/alone-australia-winner-gina-chick-stop-everything-collab/102456388
  • https://www.sbs.com.au/news/insight/article/gina-faced-a-unfathomable-decision/xsw252irx
  • https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-08-28/why-gina-chick-spent-67-days-alone-/102646124
  • https://www.mamamia.com.au/gina-chick-alone-australia/
  • https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-08-28/force-of-nature-gina-chick/102785068
  • https://weareexplorers.co/interview-with-gina-chick-alone-australia/
  • https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-04-08/out-of-the-wild-gina-chick-with-leigh-sales/103683104
  • https://www.bandt.com.au/we-dont-have-bears-cougars-my-biggest-fear-was-social-media-trolls-alone-australias-gina-chick/
  • https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2024/06/12/253327/summit-books-to-publish-memoir-from-alone-australia-winner/
  • https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/entertainment/article/my-sydney-alone-australias-gina-chick-kayaking-thrifting-and-going-barefoot-red-carpet
  • https://www.escape.com.au/experiences/adventure/walks-and-hiking/alone-australia-winner-gina-chick-names-the-worlds-best-barefoot-nature-walks/news-story/07886b7baf4f70822bd824c78a892912
  • https://www.smh.com.au/national/such-a-weird-kid-alone-winner-gina-chick-never-did-fit-in-and-that-s-her-strength-20240828-p5k64f.html
  • https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/conversations/gina-chick-alone-australia-survival-grief/104307158
  • https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/529910/alone-star-gina-chick-we-re-connected-to-something-so-vast-and-beautiful-and-wonderful
• Annie Louey
  • https://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/schoolgirl-sues-over-cadet-camp-injury-/news-story/f98598ebe0d3b8839285614a8ca76fdc
  • https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/ex-student-sues-over-burn-injuries-20120522-1z3aa.html
  • https://weknowmelbourne.com.au/2018/04/12/micf-review-annie-louey-butt-donut/
  • http://www.keithgow.com/2018/04/melbourne-comedy-festival-annie-louey.html
  • http://sometimesmelbourne.blogspot.com/2020/03/melbourne-independent-celebratory.html
  • https://www.liminalmag.com/5-questions/annie-louey
  • https://colourboxstudio.com/the-makings-of-a-stellar-comedy-career-with-annie-louey/
  • https://www.lilithia.net/annie-louey-gold-micf2023/
  • https://www.cbdnews.com.au/taking-comedy-seriously-anna-louey-features-at-the-chinese-museum/
  • https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-11-27/annie-louey-s-search-for-hidden-family-australian-story/102909098
  • https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-11-27/big-talk-annie-louey-full-episode-australian-story/103156818
  • https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3247348/you-dont-expect-darkness-asian-woman-comedian-annie-louey-subverting-stereotypes-and-finding-out
  • https://www.wedsure.com.au/wedding-disasters-power-failure-and-a-missing-bride-with-james-liotta/
• Chiaka Barry
  • https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-11-16/chiaka-is-helping-women-escape-violent-relationships/12885670
  • https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/canberra-afternoons/meet-domestic-violence-victim-advocate-chiaka-moneke/12877200
  • https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6986598/meet-the-acts-2021-australian-of-the-year-nominees/
  • https://australianoftheyear.org.au/news-and-media/news/article/act-nominees-announced-2021-australian-year-awards
  • https://hercanberra.com.au/life/meet-the-women-inspiring-change-in-their-local-community/
  • https://conapa.org.au/chiaka-onyemauwa/
  • https://www.celebrateafricanaustraliansact.org/the-team/
  • https://the-riotact.com/canberra-liberals-launch-their-team-to-fight-the-2024-act-election/747720
  • https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/8745287/chiaka-barrys-journey-from-migrant-to-liberal-candidate/
  • https://www.instagram.com/abccanberra/p/DBXewqhhHqk/?locale=zh_CN&hl=af
  • https://africamediaaustralia.com.au/chiaka-barry-wins-ginninderra-seat-in-the-act-a-triumph-for-african-australian-representation/

Hypothetical election results excluding votes for two-party system major parties

The following infoboxes suppose that any votes for either of the two major parties within a two-party system were not counted, and determine which minor parties would form government in this hypothetical scenario.

Hypothetical United Kingdom general election, 2017

8 June 2017
All 650 seats in the House of Commons 326 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	8.9% ( 57.5%)
First party Second party Third party   Leader Tim Farron Paul Nuttall Nicola Sturgeon Party Liberal Democrats UKIP SNP Leader since 16 July 2015 28 November 2016 14 November 2014 Leader's seat Westmorland and Lonsdale Boston and Skegness (contested) Glasgow Southside (Scot. Parl.) Last election 8 seats, 7.9% 1 seat, 12.6% 56 seats, 4.7% Seats before 9 0 54 Seats won 382 132 55 Seat change 373 132 1 Popular vote 2,371,861 594,068 977,568 Percentage 57.2% 14.3% 23.6% Swing 49.3% 1.7% 18.9%
Great Britain   Lib Dems (382)   UKIP (132)   SNP (55)   Plaid Cymru (34)   Green (7)   Yorkshire (3)   NHA (2)   Liberal (1)   NEP (1)   Independent (15) Northern Ireland (18)
Prime Minister before election Theresa May Conservative Subsequent Prime Minister Tim Farron Liberal Democrats

Hypothetical United Kingdom general election, 2015

7 May 2015
All 650 seats in the House of Commons 326 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	21.7% ( 43.4%)
First party Second party Third party   Leader Nigel Farage Nick Clegg Nicola Sturgeon Party UKIP Liberal Democrats SNP Leader since 5 November 2010 18 December 2007 14 November 2014 Leader's seat South East England Sheffield Hallam Glasgow Southside Last election 0 seats, 3.1% 57 seats, 23.0% 6 seats, 1.7% Seats before 0 57 6 Seats won 449 90 58 Seat change 449 33 52 Popular vote 3,881,099 2,415,862 1,454,436 Percentage 38.6% 24.0% 14.5% Swing 35.5% 1.0% 12.8%
Prime Minister before election David Cameron Conservative Subsequent Prime Minister Nigel Farage UKIP

Hypothetical United Kingdom general election, 2010

6 May 2010 (2010-05-06)
All 650 seats in the House of Commons 326 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	22.8% 38.6%
First party Second party Third party   Leader Nick Clegg Alex Salmond Ieuan Wyn Jones Party Liberal Democrats SNP Plaid Cymru Leader since 18 December 2007 3 September 2004 16 March 2000 Leader's seat Sheffield Hallam Gordon Ynys Môn Last election 62, 22.0% 6, 1.5% 3, 0.6% Seats before 62 6 3 Seats won 574 38 11 Seat change 512 32 8 Popular vote 6,836,248 491,386 165,394 Percentage 65.9% 4.7% 1.6% Swing 43.9% 3.2% 1.0%
Prime Minister before election Gordon Brown Labour Subsequent Prime Minister Nick Clegg Liberal Democrats

Hypothetical Australian federal election, 2016

2 July 2016
All 150 seats in the Australian House of Representatives 76 seats were needed for a majority All 76 seats in the Australian Senate
First party Second party Third party   Leader Richard Di Natale Nick Xenophon Pauline Hanson Party Greens Xenophon Team Hanson's One Nation Leader since 6 May 2015 (2015-05-06) 1 June 2013 (2013-06-01) 29 November 2014 (2014-11-29) Leader's seat Senator for Victoria Senator for South Australia Senator for Queensland Last election 1 seat, 8.65% new party 0 seats, 0.17% Seats won 112 seats 11 seats 11 seats Seat change 111 11 11 Popular vote 1,385,651 250,333 175,020 Percentage 44.06% 7.96% 5.56% Swing 35.41 7.96 5.39
Prime Minister before election Malcolm Turnbull Liberal/National coalition Subsequent Prime Minister Richard Di Natale Greens

Hypothetical Australian federal election, 2013

7 September 2013
All 150 seats in the Australian House of Representatives 76 seats were needed for a majority 40 (of the 76) seats in the Australian Senate
Registered	13,726,070
Turnout	19.81%
First party Second party Third party   Leader Christine Milne Clive Palmer Bob Day Party Greens Palmer United Family First Party Leader since 13 March 2012 (2012-03-13) 1 April 2013 (2013-04-01) 6 September 2008 (2008-09-06) Leader's seat Senator for Tasmania Fairfax (won seat) Senator for South Australia Last election 1 seat, 11.76% new party 0 seats Seats won 97 seats 40 seats 4 seats Seat change 96 40 4 Popular vote 1,116,918 709,035 181,820 Percentage 41.06% 26.06% 6.68% Swing 29.30 26.06 4.43
Prime Minister before election Kevin Rudd Labor Subsequent Prime Minister Christine Milne Greens

Hypothetical Australian federal election, 2001

10 November 2001 (2001-11-10)
All 150 seats in the Australian House of Representatives 76 seats were needed for a majority in the House 40 (of the 76) seats in the Australian Senate
Registered	12,054,664
Turnout	18.31%
First party Second party Third party   Leader Natasha Stott Despoja Pauline Hanson Bob Brown Party Democrats One Nation Greens Leader since 8 April 2001 (2001-04-08) 11 April 1997 (1997-04-11) 2 March 1996 (1996-03-02) Leader's seat Senator for South Australia Oxley (formerly) Senator for Tasmania Last election 0 seats 0 seats 0 seats Seats won 52 seats 48 seats 32 seats Seat change 52 48 32 Popular vote 620,197 498,032 569,074 Percentage 28.09% 22.56% 25.78% Swing 22.96 14.13 23.64
Prime Minister before election John Howard Liberal/National coalition Subsequent Prime Minister Hung parliament Democrats-Greens coalition

Hypothetical United States presidential election, 2016

November 8, 2016
538 members of the Electoral College 270 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	3.44% 51.5 pp
Nominee Gary Johnson Evan McMullin Bernie Sanders Party Libertarian Independent Independent Home state New Mexico Utah Vermont Running mate Bill Weld Mindy Finn Tulsi Gabbard Electoral vote 522 10 3 States carried 47 2 1 Popular vote 4,566,256 733,675 111,850 Percentage 57.44% 9.23% 1.41%
President before election Barack Obama Democratic Elected President Gary Johnson Libertarian

Hypothetical United States presidential election, 2012

November 6, 2012
All 538 electoral votes of the Electoral College 270 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	0.95% 57.25 pp
Nominee Gary Johnson Jill Stein Party Libertarian Green Home state New Mexico Massachusetts Running mate James P. Gray Cheri Honkala Electoral vote 512 19 States carried 48 1 + DC Popular vote 1,275,971 469,628 Percentage 57.1% 21.0%
President before election Barack Obama Democratic Elected President Gary Johnson Libertarian

Hypothetical United States presidential election, 2008

November 4, 2008
All 538 electoral votes of the Electoral College 270 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	0.83% 55.87 pp
Nominee Ralph Nader Bob Barr Ron Paul Party Independent Libertarian Louisiana Taxpayers/Montana Constitution Party Home state Connecticut Georgia Texas Running mate Matt Gonzalez Wayne Allyn Root Barry Goldwater Jr./Michael Peroutka Electoral vote 421 93 12 States carried 40 + DC 6 2 Popular vote 739,034 523,715 20,037 Percentage 39.58% 28.05% 1.07%
President before election George W. Bush Republican Elected President Ralph Nader Independent