List of Columbia Law School alumni

This is a partial list of individuals who have attended Columbia Law School. For a list of individuals who have attended or taught at Columbia University, see the list of Columbia University people.

Government

United States government

Executive branch

Presidents

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (attended, fall 1904 to spring 1907)² (posthumous J.D., class of 1907),^[1] 32nd President of the United States (1933–45)
Theodore Roosevelt (attended, 1880–81)² (posthumous J.D., class of 1882),^[1] 26th President of the United States (1901–09), hero of the Spanish–American War (Medal of Honor, posthumously awarded 2001), Nobel Peace Prize (1906)

Cabinet members and cabinet-level officers

Bainbridge Colby (1891), United States Secretary of State (1920–21); founder of the Progressive Party (1912)^[2]
Antony John 'Tony' Blinken (1988), United States Secretary of State in Biden Administration (2021–), National Security Advisor to Vice President Joseph Biden in the Administration of President Barack Obama (2009–17)^[3]
Jacob M. Dickinson (attended), 44th United States Secretary of War (1909–11)^[4]
James Rudolph Garfield (1888), United States Secretary of the Interior (1907–09), United States Civil Service Commission (1902–03)^[5]
Eric Holder (1976), 82nd United States Attorney General, former Acting U.S. Attorney General, former U.S. Deputy Attorney General^[6]
Charles Evans Hughes (1884), United States Secretary of State, professor of law at Cornell Law School, Governor of New York (1907), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (1910–16), Republican nominee for President of the United States (1916-against Woodrow Wilson), and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (1930–41)^[7]
John Jay,¹ Acting United States Secretary of State (1789–90); Sixth President of the Continental Congress (1778–79); Second United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1784–89); Acting United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1789); co-author of The Federalist Papers^[8]
Jeh Johnson, United States Secretary of Homeland Security (2013–)^[9]
Franklin MacVeagh (1864), United States Secretary of the Treasury (1909–13)^[10]
Joseph McKenna 42nd Attorney General of the United States (1897–98) (studied at Columbia Law while AG, before taking seat on U.S. Supreme Court)^[11]
Frank Polk (1897), Acting United States Secretary of State (1920), Under Secretary of State (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Department of State) (1919–20)^[12]
Oscar S. Straus (1873), United States Secretary of Commerce and Labor (1906–09), first Jewish Presidential Cabinet Secretary^[13]
Russell E. Train (1948), 2nd Administrator, United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Cabinet level officer) (1973–77); Chairman, newly formed President's Council on Environmental Quality (1970–73); 1991 Presidential Medal of Freedom^[14]
Frank Blake (1976), Deputy United States Secretary of Energy (2nd ranking official in the United States Department of Energy)^[15]
J. Reuben Clark (1906), United States Under Secretary of State for President Calvin Coolidge (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Department of State from 1919 to 1972)^[16]
Eric Hargan, Acting Deputy Secretary, United States Department of Health and Human Services (2nd ranking official in the Department) under President Donald Trump^[17]
Harold M. Ickes, Deputy Chief of Staff in the Clinton administration^[18]
George Lockhart Rives (B.A. 1868, LL.B.1873), United States Assistant Secretary of State (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Department of State from 1853 until 1913) (1887–89)^[19]
John J. Sullivan (J.D. 1985), United States Deputy Secretary of Commerce (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Department of Commerce) (2008–09) under George W. Bush^[20]
Harold R. Tyler, Jr. (1949), United States Deputy Attorney General (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Department of Justice) (1975–77)^[21]
J. Mayhew Wainwright (1886), U.S. Assistant Secretary of War (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Department of War until 1940) (1921–23)^[22]
Lawrence Edward Walsh (1935), United States Deputy Attorney General (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Department of Justice) (1957–60)^[23]

Directors of Central Intelligence

William Colby (1947), Medal of Honor; 10th U.S. Director of Central Intelligence for the United States Central Intelligence Agency under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford (1973–76)
William Joseph Donovan (Law 1908), known as Father of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); founder and first director of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) (formed during World War II, the predecessor of the CIA); U.S. Coordinator of Information (COI) under Franklin D. Roosevelt; also World War I hero, Medal of Honor; 1959 Freedom Award^[24]

White House Counsel

Lanny A. Breuer (B.A. 1980, J.D. 1985), Special White House Counsel (1997–99) under Clinton; helped represent President Clinton during independent counsel and congressional investigations and the impeachment hearings; Covington & Burling vice chair; former assistant Manhattan D.A. (1985–1989); U.S. Assistant A.G. for the Criminal Division (2009–2013) under Obama^[25]
David B. Rivkin (J.D.), Legal Advisor to White House Counsel of then President Reagan; Deputy Director of the Office of Policy Development (OPD)^{[citation needed]}
Samuel Irving Rosenman (1919), first White House Counsel (1943–46) under Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman^{[citation needed]}
Charles Ruff (1963), White House Counsel under President Bill Clinton, defended President during impeachment trial in 1999^[26]
Donald B. Verrilli, Jr. (J.D.), Deputy White House Counsel under President Barack Obama^[27]
Trevor Morrison (1998), Associate White House Counsel to President Barack Obama (2009–10), professor of constitutional law at Columbia Law School^[28]^[29]^[30]
Benjamin Powell (1996), Associate White House Counsel and Special Assistant to the President during administration of George W. Bush; General Counsel, Office of the Director of National Intelligence (General Counsel to the first three Directors of National Intelligence) (2006–09)^[31]^[32]

Presidential advisors

Stephen Friedman (PFIAB) (1962), Director, President's United States National Economic Council under George W. Bush (2002–05), Chairman of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board (2005–09) (replacing Brent Scowcroft)^[33]
Ulysses S. Grant, Jr., personal secretary to President Ulysses S. Grant^[34]
Mark Barnes (LL.M. 1991), member, National Health Care Reform Task Force in the administration of President Bill Clinton^[35]
John D. Clark (1907), member of President's Council of Economic Advisors (1946–53) under President Harry S Truman^[36]^[37]
Jonathan W. Daniels (failed out of the Law School), White House Press Secretary under Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman^[38]
Lynn Forester de Rothschild, United States Secretary of Energy Advisory Board under President Bill Clinton^[39]
Ken Khachigian (J.D 1969), speechwriter for President Richard Nixon, Chief speechwriter for President Ronald Reagan^[40]
John Marshall Kernochan, member of President John F. Kennedy's Commission on the Status of Women, which helped lead to women's rights legislation in the late 1960s^[41]
Jay Lefkowitz (1987), Deputy Assistant to President George W. Bush for Domestic Policy^[42]
Kathleen McGinty (J.D.)—Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality (1995–98)^[43]
Brett H. McGurk (1999), United States National Security Council under President George W. Bush; Special Adviser-Iraq (2009–); Private militias in Iraq^[44]^[45]
S. Jay Plager (LL.M. 1961), Associate Director, United States Office of Management and Budget (1987–88)^[46]
Richard Stone, Vice Chairman of President Ronald Reagan's Commission for Radio Broadcasting to Cuba^[47]

Commissioners and agency heads, subcabinet members

Nathan Feinsinger (Law, post-graduate study), Chairman, United States Wage Stabilization Board, named to the Board in 1951 by President Harry S. Truman^[48]
William Dudley Foulke (1871), Commissioner, United States Civil Service Commission, which subsequently became the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) with some functions spun off to the U.S. Office of Special Counsel and the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)^[49]
Harvey Goldschmid (1965), Commissioner (2002–05), and previously General Counsel, special adviser to the Chairman, United States Securities and Exchange Commission^[50]
Henry Clay Hall (1883), twice Chairman (1917–18, 1924), Commissioner (1914–28), Interstate Commerce Commission^[51]
John D. Hawke, Jr. (1960), United States Comptroller of the Currency (1998–2004) under Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush; a director of the United States Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, among other agencies (1998–2004); Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance (1995–98)^[52]
Edward Hidalgo (1936), Secretary of the Navy (1979–81); Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) (1977–79)^[53]
William Kovacic (1978), Chairman (2008–09), Commissioner (2006–09), Federal Trade Commission^[54]
Craig E. Leen (2000), Director, Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP), U.S. Department of Labor (2018–21)^[55]
Irving Lewis "Scooter" Libby (1975), Chief of Staff, Vice President Dick Cheney (2001–05); convicted on obstruction of justice charges for his role in Plame affair (2007); novelist^[56]
Charles E. F. Millard, Director, United States Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (2007–09)^[57]
Annette Nazareth, Commissioner, United States Securities and Exchange Commission (2005–08)^[58]
Robert Pitofsky, Chairman (1995–2001), Commissioner (1978–81), Federal Trade Commission
Mary Jo White^[59] (1974), Chairman (2013–), Commissioner (2013–), United States Securities and Exchange Commission
Carol A. DiBattiste (LL.M. 1986), former United States Under Secretary of the Air Force (2nd highest civilian official in the U.S. Department of the Air Force) (1999–2001)
Tracy Voorhees (1915), Under Secretary of the United States Army (2nd ranking official in the U.S. Army) (1949–50)^[60]

Solicitors general

Lloyd Wheaton Bowers, United States Solicitor General (1909–10)^[61]
Charles Fried (1960), United States Solicitor General (1985–89), Acting United States Solicitor General, Deputy United States Solicitor General^[62]
Daniel M. Friedman (1940), Acting United States Solicitor General (1977); First Deputy Solicitor General^[63]
Stanley Foreman Reed, United States Solicitor General (1935–38)^[64]
Donald Verrilli Jr. (1983), United States Solicitor General (2011–); White House Deputy Counsel to the President (2010–11)^[65]
R. Kent Greenawalt (1963), Deputy United States Solicitor General (1971–72)^[66]

Judicial branch

Supreme Court

Samuel Blatchford (1837)¹, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1882–93)^[67]
Benjamin Nathan Cardozo (B.A.-CC, attended Law School for two years), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1932–38); judge, New York Court of Appeals (1914–32)^[68]
William O. Douglas (1925), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1939–75); professor at Columbia Law and Yale Law School (1928–34), Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (1936–39)^[69]
Ruth Bader Ginsburg (1959), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1993–2020); professor at Rutgers Law (1963–72) and Columbia Law (1972–80); ACLU attorney (1972–80); judge, United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1980–93)^[70]
Charles Evans Hughes (1884), Chief Justice of the United States (1930–41); Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1910–16); Secretary of State (1921–29); Governor of New York (1907); Republican nominee for President of the United States (1916)^[71]
John Jay (1764)¹, First Chief Justice of the United States (1789–95)^[72]
Stanley Forman Reed, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1938–57); United States Solicitor General (1935–38)^[73]
Harlan Fiske Stone (1898), Chief Justice of the United States (1941–46); Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1925–41); Attorney General (1924–25); professor (1902–05) and dean (1910–23) at Columbia Law School^[74]
Joseph McKenna (studied at the law school), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1892–97)^{[citation needed]}

Legislative branch

Senators

Alva B. Adams (1899), United States Senator from Colorado (1923–24, 1933–41)^[157]
Johnson N. Camden Jr., senator from Kentucky (1914–15)^[158]
Clifford P. Case (1928), senator (1955–79) from New Jersey^[159]
LeBaron B. Colt (1870), senator from Rhode Island (1913–24)^[160]
Slade Gorton (1953), senator from Washington (1981–87;1989–2001)^[161]
Frederick Hale (1896–97), senator from Maine (1917–41)^[162]
Lister Hill (left 1915), senator (1938–69) from Alabama^[163]
John Kean (1875), senator from New Jersey (1899–1911)^[164]
Richard C. Hunter (1911), senator from Nebraska (1934–35)^[165]
Luke Lea (1903), senator from Tennessee (1911–17)^[166]
Thomas E. Martin (LL.M. 1928), senator (1955–61) from Iowa^[167]
Jack Miller (politician) (1946), senator from Iowa (1961–73)^[168]
Dwight Morrow (1898?), senator from New Jersey (1930–31)^[169]
Wayne Morse (S.J.D. 1932), senator from Oregon (1945–69)^[170]
Frank C. Partridge (1864), senator from Vermont (1930–31)^[171]
John Patton Jr. (1877), senator from Michigan (1894–95)^[172]
Howard Alexander Smith (1908), senator from New Jersey (1944–59)^[173]
Richard Stone (1954), senator from Florida (1975–80)^[174]
Arthur Vivian Watkins, senator from New York (1947–59)^[175]
George P. Wetmore (1869), senator from Rhode Island (1895–1907; 1908–13)^[176]
Harrison A. Williams (1948), senator (1959–82) from New Jersey^[177]

Representatives

Bella Abzug, congresswoman from New York (1971–77) and leader of the women's movement^[178]
John J. Adams, congressman from New York (1883–85;1885–87)^[179]
Homer D. Angell (1903), Congressman from Oregon (1939–55)^[180]
Martin C. Ansorge (1906), congressman from New York (1921–23)^[181]
Edward Basset (1886), congressman from New York (1903–05); founding father, modern urban planning; developed "freeway" and "parkway" concepts^[182]
Perry Belmont (1876), congressman from New York (1880–88)^[183]
Loring Black, congressman from New York (1923–35)^[184]
Robert William Bonynge (1885), congressman from Colorado (1904–09)^[185]
Frank T. Bow, congressman from Ohio (1951–72)^[186]
Lloyd Bryce, congressman from New York (1887–89)^[187]
John F. Carew (B.A. 1893, LL.M. 1896), congressman from New York (1913–29)^[188]
Clifford P. Case (1928), congressman (1945–53) and senator (1955–79) from New Jersey^[159]
Emanuel Celler (1912), congressman from New York (1923–73)^[189]
Alexander Gilmore Cochran, congressman from Pennsylvania (1875–77)^[190]
Frederic René Coudert, Jr. (1922), congressman from New York (1947–59)^[191]
Robert Crosser (transferred), congressman from Ohio (1913–19, 1923–55)^[192]
Colgate Darden (1923), congressman from Virginia (1933–37, 1939–41), Governor of Virginia (1942–46), chancellor of the College of William and Mary (1946–47), president of the University of Virginia (1947–59); namesake of the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration^[193]
Philip Henry Dugro (1878), congressman from New York (1881–83)^[194]
Charles T. Dunwell (1874), congressman from New York (1903–08)^[195]
Sidney A. Fine (1926), congressman from New York (1951–56)^[196]
Hamilton Fish II (1873), congressman from New York (1909–11)^[197]
Ashbel P. Fitch, congressman from New York (1887–93)^[198]
Frank T. Fitzgerald (1876), congressman from New York (1889)^[199]
Wallace T. Foote, Jr., congressman from New York (1895–99)^[200]
George E. Foss (attended), congressman from Illinois (1895–1913; 1915–19)^[201]
Samuel Fowler unspecified, represented New Jersey's 4th congressional district as the U.S. representative from 1889 to 1893.^[202] Built and operated Cape Cod Canal
Jaime Fuster (LL.M. 1966), U.S. representative from Puerto Rico's at large district (1985–92)^[203]
Ralph A. Gamble (1912), congressman from New York (1937–45; 1945–53; 1953–57)^[204]
Fred Benjamin Gernerd (1924), congressman from Pennsylvania (1921–23)^[205]
James R. Grover, Jr. (1949), congressman from New York (1963–75)^[206]
Ralph W. Gwinn (1908), congressman from New York (1945–59)^[207]
Thomas Hedge (1869), congressman from Iowa (1899–1907)^[208]
Lewis Henry (1911), congressman from New York (1922–23)^[209]
Lister Hill (left 1915), congressman (1923–38) and senator (1938–69) from Alabama^[210]
Theodore Gaillard Hunt, congressman from Louisiana (1853–55)^[211]
Hamilton C. Jones (1907), congressman from North Carolina (1947–53)^{[citation needed]}
John Kean (1875), senator and congressman from New Jersey (1899–1911)^[164]
Theodore R. Kupferman, congressman from New York (1966–69)^[212]
George P. Lawrence, congressman from Massachusetts (1898–1913)^[213]
John J. Lentz (1883), congressman from Ohio (1897–1901)^[214]
Montague Lessler (1889), congressman from New York (1902–03)^[215]
Marcus C. Lisle, congressman from Kentucky (1893–94)^[216]
Washington J. McCormick (1910), congressman from Montana (1921–23)^[217]
John McKeon (1828), congressman from New York (1835–37, 1841–43)^[218]
Roy H. McVicker (1950), congressman from Colorado (1965–67)^[219]
Thomas E. Martin (LL.M. 1928), senator (1955–61), congressman (1939–55) from Iowa^[220]
Mitchell May (LL.M. 1892) congressman from New York (1899–1901)^[221]
Schuyler Merritt (1876), congressman from Connecticut (1917–31; 1933–37)^[222]
Brad Miller (congressman) (1979), congressman from North Carolina (2003–13)^[223]
J. Van Vechten Olcott (1877), congressman from New York (1905–11)^[224]
William Claiborne Owens (1872), congressman from Kentucky (1895–97)^[225]
Richard W. Parker (1869), congressman from New Jersey (1895–1903; 1903–11; 1914–19; 1921–23)^[226]
Thomas G. Patten (1880–82), congressman from New York (1911–17)^[227]
William Walter Phelps (1863), congressman from New Jersey (1873–75; 1883–89)^[228]
Philip J. Philbin (1929), congressman from Massachusetts (1943–76)^[229]
Otis G. Pike (1948), congressman from New York (1961–79)^[230]
Henry Jarvis Raymond (1871), congressman from New York (1865–67); Lieutenant Governor of New York (1854–56); founder of The New York Times^{[citation needed]}
Edward Everett Robbins (1884), congressman from Pennsylvania (1897–99; 1917–19)^[231]
William Fitts Ryan (1949), congressman from New York (1961–72)^[232]
James Scheuer (1948), congressman from New York (1965–93)^[233]
Townsend Scudder (1888), congressman from New York (1899–1901; 1903–05)^[234]
John F. Seiberling (1949), congressman from Ohio (1971–87)^[235]
Eugene Siler (attended), congressman from Kentucky (1955–63, 1963–65)^[236]
Percy Hamilton Stewart (1893), congressman from New Jersey (1931–33)^[237]
Jessie Sumner (studied at the Law School), congresswoman from Illinois (1939–47)^[238]
Edward Swann (1886), congressman from New York (in 57th U.S. Congress); New York County District Attorney (1916–21)^[239]
James W. Symington (1954), congressman from Missouri (1969–77)^[240]
Charles Phelps Taft (1864), congressman from Ohio (1895–97); editor of the Cincinnati Times-Star; owner, Chicago Cubs (1914–16)^[241]
Benjamin I. Taylor (1899), congressman from New York (1913–15)^[242]
John A. Thayer, congressman from Massachusetts (1911–13)^[243]
J. Mayhew Wainwright (1886), congressman from New York (1923–31)^[244]
William C. Wallace (1876), congressman from New York (1889–91)^[245]
Charles Weltner (1950), congressman from Georgia (1963–67), John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award^[246]
Harrison A. Williams (1948), congressman (1953–57) and senator (1959–82) from New Jersey^[247]
Francis H. Wilson (1875), congressman from New York (1895–97)^[248]
Herbert Zelenko (1928), congressman from New York (1955–63)^[249]

Other Legislative Branch Officials

Herbert Putnam (1884), Librarian of Congress^[250]

United States diplomats

Anthony Luzzatto Gardner, U.S. Ambassador to the European Union (present)^[251]
William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor, U.S. Minister to Italy, statesman, philanthropist^{[citation needed]}
Perry Belmont (1876), U.S. Ambassador to Spain (1888–89); congressman from New York (1880–88)^[252]
Lloyd Bryce, U.S. Minister plenipotentiary to the Netherlands (1911–13)^[253]
Charles Chaille-Long, U.S. Consul General and Secretary to delegation in Korea; soldier, explorer^[254]
Reuben Clark, United States Ambassador to Mexico (1930–33)^[255]
William Joseph Donovan (1905), U.S. Ambassador to Thailand (1953–54), World War I hero, head of the OSS during World War II^[256]
Abram Isaac Elkus, appointed by Woodrow Wilson to be the United States Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire in Constantinople (1916–17)^[257]
Makila James, nominee, U.S. Ambassador to the Kingdom of Swaziland (2012–)^[258]^[259]
John Jay (1764), helped to fashion American foreign policy, U.S. Minister (ambassador) to Spain and France; the Jay Treaty^[260]
Hallett Johnson (1912), ambassador to Costa Rica
Jay Lefkowitz, President George W. Bush's Special Envoy for Human Rights in North Korea^[261]
Charles MacVeagh (1883), U.S. Ambassador to Japan (1925–28)^{[citation needed]}
Brett H. McGurk (1999), nominee, U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of Iraq (2012–)^[262]
David E. Mark, U.S. Ambassador to Burundi (1974–77); career Minister, serving in South Korea, Germany, Moscow; helped Georgians write their Constitution
Vilma Socorro Martínez, first woman to serve as United States Ambassador to Argentina (2009–)^[263]
Henry Morgenthau, Sr., U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire (1913–16)^[264]
Dwight Morrow (1898?), U.S. Ambassador to Mexico (1927–30)^[265]
Covey T. Oliver (S.J.D. 1953), United States Ambassador to Colombia (1964–66)^[266]
Frank C. Partridge (LL.B. 1884), United States Minister to Venezuela (1893–94), consul general at Tangier, Morocco (1897–98)^[267]
William Walter Phelps (1863), U.S. Ambassador to Austria-Hungary (1881–82), Germany (1889–93)^[268]
Frank Polk (1897), Headed American Commission to Negotiate Peace (1919)
Stephen Rapp, United States Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues in the Office of Global Criminal Justice (2009–)
Mitchell Reiss, former Director of Policy Planning at U.S. State Department under Secretary Colin Powell (2003–05); U.S. Special Envoy to Ireland with diplomatic rank of Ambassador (stepped down in 2007); Chief negotiator for the United States in the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization
Julissa Reynoso (2001), United States Ambassador to Uruguay (2011–)^[269]^[270]
John Wallace Riddle (1890), U.S. Ambassador to Russia (1907–09); Argentina (1922–25)
Eugene Schuyler (1863), first American diplomat to visit Central Asia, first U.S. Minister to Romania and Serbia, also U.S. Minister to Greece^[271]
David S. Smith, U.S. Ambassador to Sweden (1976–77)^[272]
Laurence A. Steinhardt (LL.B. 1915), U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union (1939–41); U.S. Ambassador to Turkey (1942–45); U.S. Ambassador to Czechoslovakia (1945–48); U.S. Ambassador to Sweden (1933–37); U.S. Ambassador to Peru (1937–39); U.S. Ambassador to Canada (1948–50)^[273]
Oscar S. Straus (1873), thrice U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire (1909–10; 1898–99; 1887–89)^[274]
Tracy Voorhees (1915), the U.S. President's Personal Representative for Cuban Refugees (1960–61) in the administration of President John F. Kennedy^[275]
Edward T. Wailes (1927), U.S. Ambassador to Iran (1958–61), Czechoslovakia (1961–62), Hungary (1956–57), South Africa^[276]
Lawrence Edward Walsh (1935), Ambassador, U.S. Delegation, Paris Peace Talks (1969)^[277]
Paul Warnke (1948), Chief SALT Negotiator under President Jimmy Carter and Director of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (1976–78), helped negotiate the unratified SALT II agreement with the former Soviet Union^[278]
H. Walter Webb, U.S. Ambassador to Brazil^[279]
Nugroho Wisnumurti—(J.D. 1973) President, United Nations Security Council (August 1995 and November 1996); Ambassador/Permanent Representative of the Republic of Indonesia to the United Nations (1992–97); Indonesia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations and Other Organizations in Geneva (2000–04);^[280]

Military

William Joseph Donovan (Wild Bill)—(LL.B.) World War I, World War II hero; only person to receive Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross, Distinguished Service Medal (3), and National Security Medal; also recipient of Silver Star, Purple Heart (2), and IRC's Freedom Award
Ira C. Eaker—(studied law) Congressional Gold Medal; four-star general, United States Army Air Forces during World War II; architect, strategic bombing force
Benjamin Kaplan—(LL.B. 1933) while a lieutenant colonel in U.S. Army during World War II, "one of the principal architects"^[281] of the Nuremberg trials^[282]
Philip Kearny—(LL.B. 1833) Brigadier General, U.S. Army; notable for his leadership in the Mexican–American War and Civil War^[283]
Charles Coudert Nast—(LL.B. 1927) Attorney and U.S. Army major general^[284]
John Watts de Peyster—(studied law) Major general during the American Civil War; author on the art of war, one of the first military critics^[285]
John Watts de Peyster, Jr.—(studied law) Brigadier General; Union Army officer during the American Civil War^{[citation needed]}
Rudolph Douglas Raiford—(J.D.) decorated African-American World War II combat officer who trained and commanded the Infantry Buffalo Division in Italy^{[citation needed]}
LaRue L. Robinson—(2009) African-American officer and trial lawyer in the Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army during the War on Terror;^[286] also Truman National Security Project Fellow^[287] who is cited in Terror and Consent^[288]
Richard Whitehead Young (LL.B. 1884) Brigadier General; in Spanish–American War led Utah Light Artillery in Philippines; in World War I led a U.S. artillery brigade in France^[289]

Miscellaneous United States government

Zainab Ahmad (2005), Assistant United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York; member of the 2017 Special Counsel for the United States Department of Justice team^[290]^[291]
David M. Becker (1973), General Counsel, Senior Policy Director, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (2009–11); General Counsel, SEC (2000–02)^[292]
Richard Ben-Veniste (1967), federal prosecutor (1968–73); Chief, Watergate Task Force of the Special Prosecutor's Office (1973–75); member, 9/11 Commission (2002–04)^[293]
Moe Berg (1930), spy, Office of Strategic Services (OSS), able to speak 12 languages; light-hitting catcher, Brooklyn Robins (1923), Chicago White Sox (1926–30), Cleveland Indians (1931, 34), Washington Senators (1932–34) and Boston Red Sox (1935–39); according to Casey Stengel, "the strangest man ever to play Major League Baseball"^[294]
Preet Bharara (1993), United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York (2009–);^[295]^[296] Time Magazine's 2012 "100 Most Influential People in the World"^[297]
Frank Blake (1976), General Counsel, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Deputy Counsel to Vice-President George H. W. Bush^[298]
Walker Blaine (1878), former official in the United States Department of State; Solicitor of the Department of State^[299]
Lanny A. Breuer, head, Criminal Division, United States Department of Justice in administration of President Barack Obama^[300]
Edward Bruce (New Deal) (1904), appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt as Director of Public Works of Art Project and Section of Painting and Sculpture, New Deal projects^[301]
George Canellos (1989), regional director, United States Securities and Exchange Commission's New York Office (2009–)^[302]
Sheila C. Cheston (1984), former General Counsel, United States Air Force (1995–98)^[303]
Tristram Coffin (1989), United States Attorney for the District of Vermont (2009–)^[295]^[304]
Roy Cohn (1947), anti-communist attorney; an influential aide to Senator Joseph McCarthy; active in espionage trial of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg^[305]
Mathias F. Correa (1934), United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York (1941–43)^[306]
William Joseph Donovan (1908), United States Attorney for the Western District of New York, World War I hero (Medal of Honor)^[307]
Jose W. Fernandez, United States Assistant Secretary of State for Economic, Energy, and Business Affairs (2009–)^[308]
Slade Gorton (1953), member, 9/11 Commission^[309]
Eric Holder (1976), United States Attorney for the District of Columbia^[310]
Bill Lann Lee (1974), Assistant Attorney General of the United States for Civil Rights (1997–2001)^[311]
Russell Cornell Leffingwell (1902), Assistant United States Secretary of the Treasury; led (1944–53) and president (1944–46), Council of Foreign Relations^[312]
Leonard P. Moore, United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York (1953–57)^[313]
Irvin B. Nathan, Attorney General of the District of Columbia, General Counsel of the United States House of Representatives^[314]
Rudolph Douglas Raiford, first African American Chief of Labor Relations, United States Department of Housing and Urban Development^[315]
Barbara Ringer (1949), first female Register of Copyrights, United States Copyright Office (1973–80); key contributor to preparation and passage of Copyright Act of 1976^[316]
George L. Rives (B.A. 1868, LL.M. 1873), United States Assistant Secretary of State (1887–89)^[317]
Benito Romano (J.D. 1976), first Puerto Rican to serve as United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York (on an interim basis)^[318]
Charles Ruff (1963), United States Attorney for the District of Columbia; in Watergate scandal, Special Prosecutor who investigated President Richard Nixon; represented Anita Hill during the Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination and confirmation hearings in the Senate; defended President Bill Clinton in the 1999 impeachment proceedings^[319]
Richard G. Seeborg, United States Attorney for the Northern District of California (1991–98)^[320]
Whitney North Seymour (1923), Assistant United States Solicitor General (1931–33)^[321]
Andrew J. Shapiro (1994), Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs, United States Department of State (2009–); senior adviser, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton^[322]
Charles H. Tuttle—(LL.B. 1902) United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York (1927–30)^[323]
Donald Verrilli (1983), Associate Deputy Attorney General of the United States in the administration of President Barack Obama (2009–11)^[324]
David Vladeck (1976), Director of the Bureau of Consumer Protection, Federal Trade Commission (2009–)^[325]
Lawrence E. Walsh (1935), Independent Prosecutor for the Iran-Contra Affair, Trustee of Columbia University^[326]
Paul Warnke, Assistant Secretary of Defense, International Security Affairs (1967–69); General Counsel, United States Secretary of Defense under President Lyndon Johnson^[327]
Charles Warren (U.S. author) (S.J.D. 1933), Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1914–18), drafted Espionage Act of 1917^{[citation needed]}
Mary Jo White (1974), first female United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York (1993–2002)^[328]
Edward Baldwin Whitney, Assistant Attorney General of the United States^[329]

State government

Governors

Steve Bullock (1994), 24th Governor of Montana (2013–); Attorney General of Montana (2009–13)^[330]
Doyle E. Carlton (1902), 25th Governor of Florida (1929–33)^[331]
Colgate Darden (1923), 54th Governor of Virginia (1942–46), U.S. congressman from Virginia (1933–37, 1939–41); chancellor, College of William and Mary (1946–47); president, University of Virginia (1947–59); namesake of the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration^[332]
Gray Davis (1967), 37th Governor of California (1999–2003), Lieutenant Governor (1995–99) California State Controller (1987–95)^[333]
Westmoreland Davis (1886), 48th Governor of Virginia (1918–22)^[334]
Thomas E. Dewey (1925), 47th Governor of New York (1942–55), Manhattan District Attorney (1937–42), and Republican nominee for President of the United States (1944, 1948), name partner of New York law firm Dewey Ballantine^[335]
Horace F. Graham, 56th Governor of Vermont (1917–19)^[336]
Charles Evans Hughes (1884), 36th Governor of New York (1907); professor, Cornell Law School, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1910–16), Republican nominee for President of the United States (1916), United States Secretary of State (1921–29), and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (1930–41)^[337]
John Jay (1764), second Governor of New York^[338]
Ruby Laffoon (attended), 43rd Governor of Kentucky (1931–35)^[339]
John W. King (1943), 71st Governor of New Hampshire (1963–69)^[340]
Robert Baumle Meyner (1933), 44th Governor of New Jersey (1952–62)^{[citation needed]}
George Pataki (1970), 63rd Governor of New York (1994–2006)^[341]
George P. Wetmore (1869), 37th Governor of Rhode Island^[342]
Horace White (attended), 37th Governor of New York and Lieutenant Governor^[343]

State Attorneys General

Dean Alfange (1925), Deputy New York State Attorney General; founding member of the Liberal Party of New York^[344]
Daniel P. Baldwin (1860), Indiana Attorney General (1880-1882)^[345]
Margery Bronster (1982), Hawaii Attorney General (1995–99)^{[citation needed]}
Steve Bullock (1994), Attorney General of Montana (2009–13)^[346]^[347]
Samuel P. Colt (1876), Attorney General of Rhode Island (1882–?)^[348]
Herbert F. DeSimone (1954), Attorney General of Rhode Island and Assistant Secretary of Transportation ^[349]
Slade Gorton (1953), Washington Attorney General (1969–81), former U.S. Senator from Washington^[350]
Theodore E. Hancock (1873), New York State Attorney General (1894–98)^[351]
Peter C. Harvey (1982), first African American to serve as Attorney General of New Jersey (2003–06)^[352]
Richard C. Hunter (1911), Attorney General of Nebraska (1937–39), former U.S. Senator from Nebraska
Julius Marshuetz Mayer, New York State Attorney General (1905–06)
Robert H. McCarter (1882), Attorney General of New Jersey (1903–08)
Thomas N. McCarter, Attorney General of New Jersey (1902–03)
John T. McDonough (1861), New York State Attorney General (1899–1902)
Richard M. Milburn, Attorney General of Indiana (January 1915-November 1915)^[345]
Irvin B. Nathan (1967), former Attorney General of the District of Columbia;^[353]^[354]^[355] former General Counsel, United States House of Representatives; Abscam lawyer for House^[356]
Edmund Wilson, Sr., Attorney General of New Jersey (1908–14)

State judges, politicians and others

Sheila Abdus-Salaam (1977), judge, New York Court of Appeals (the highest court in the State of New York) (2013–), first African American woman on Court; Justice, Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (2009–)^[357]
William Shankland Andrews (1882), judge, New York Court of Appeals (1917–28), where he dissented from several opinions by noted fellow judge and Columbia Law graduate Benjamin Cardozo^[358]
Charles D. Breitel, Chief Judge, New York Court of Appeals (1974–78)^[359]
Benjamin Cardozo (1889–91), Chief Judge and judge New York Court of Appeals; Associate Justice, U.S. Supreme Court; namesake of Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law^[360]
William N. Cohen (1881), Justice, New York Supreme Court^[361]
Frederick E. Crane, former Chief Judge and judge, New York Court of Appeals^[362]
Leo C. Dessar (1870), member of the New York State Assembly (1875), District Court judge (1884-1887)^[363]
Justin Fairfax (2005), 41st Lieutenant Governor of Virginia^[364]
Edward R. Finch (1898), former judge, New York Court of Appeals^[365]
Ralph Adam Fine, judge, Wisconsin Court of Appeals (1988–)^[366]
James Greeley Flanders (1869), former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Alfred Frankenthaler (1903), former judge, New York Supreme Court^[367]
Charles Fried, Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (the highest court in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts)^[368]
Stanley Fuld (1926), former Chief Judge and judge, New York Court of Appeals^[369]
John Manning Hall (1868), speaker of the Connecticut House of Representatives (1882), president pro tempore of the Connecticut State Senate (1889), and Connecticut Superior Court judge (1889–1893)^[370]
William B. Hornblower (1875), former judge, New York Court of Appeals^[371]
Roderick L. Ireland (1969), Chief Justice, (2010–), Associate Justice (1997–10), Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court; 1st African-American Chief Justice, Massachusetts high court^[372]
Benjamin Kaplan, Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (1972–8) and later on the Massachusetts Appeals Court.^[373]
Frank S. Katzenbach, Associate Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court (the highest court in the State of New Jersey)^{[citation needed]}
Edward Kent, Jr. (1887), the final Chief Justice of the Arizona Territorial Supreme Court^[374]
Walter M. D. Kern (1962), politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1978 to 1990, where he represented the 40th Legislative District.^[375]
Randall B. Kester (1940), Associate Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court (the highest court in the state of Oregon) (1957–58)^[376]
John King, Chief Justice (1981–86)and Justice (1979–81), New Hampshire Supreme Court (the highest court in the State of New Hampshire)^[377]
Charles J. Kurth (1862–1896), lawyer and member of the New York State Assembly^[378]
Edgar J. Lauer (1891), former Justice, New York Supreme Court^[379]
Irving Lehman (1897), former Chief Judge and judge, New York Court of Appeals^[380]
George Z. Medalie (1907), former judge, New York Court of Appeals^[381]
Lindsey Miller-Lerman (1973), Justice, Nebraska Supreme Court (the highest Court in the State of Nebraska) (1998–), former judge, Nebraska State Court of Appeals^{[citation needed]}
Flemming L. Norcott, Jr. (B.A. 1965, J.D. 1968), Associate Justice, Connecticut Supreme Court (1992–); Associate Fellow, Calhoun College, Yale University^[382]
James E.C. Perry (1972), Justice of the Florida Supreme Court (the highest court in the State of Florida) (2009–)^[383]
Jennifer Rivera (LL.M. 1993), judge, New York Court of Appeals (2013–)^[384]^[385]
Thomas G. Saylor (1972), Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania (the highest court in the State of Pennsylvania) (1997–)^[386]
Calvert Spensley (1869), member of the Wisconsin State Senate (1893–96)^[387]
Aron Steuer (LL.B. 1923), Justice of the New York State Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First Department^[388]
Theodore L. Stiles (1872), was one of the first Justices of the Washington Supreme Court (the highest court in the State of Washington) (1889–95)^{[citation needed]}
Robert S. Smith (1968), judge, New York Court of Appeals (2003–)^[389]
Arthur T. Vanderbilt, Chief Justice, New Jersey Supreme Court (1948–57)
Richard Wilde Walker, Jr. (attended), Associate Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court (the highest court in the State of Alabama) (1914–36)
John Webb (jurist), Associate Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court (the highest court in the state in State of North Carolina) (1986–98)
Charles Weltner (1950), Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia (the highest court in the U.S. state of Georgia) (1981–92)
Robert Wilentz, Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court (1979–96)
Peter Woodbury, Associate Justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court (the highest court in the State of New Hampshire) (1933–41)
Rolando T. Acosta (1982), Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (2008–)
Richard Andrias (1970), Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (2008–)
Matthew Boxer, the first New Jersey State Comptroller.^[390]
Albert Burstein, member of the New Jersey General Assembly.^[391]
Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler (LL.B. 1891), Lieutenant Governor of New York (1907–08)
John Watts de Peyster (studied at the Law School), Brevet Major General in the New York Militia
John Watts de Peyster, Jr. (studied at the Law School) Brevet Brigadier General in the New York Militia
Hamilton Fish II (1873), Speaker of the New York State Assembly (1895–96)
Luis A. Gonzalez (1975), Presiding Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (2009–), Justice (2002–09)
Priscilla Hall (1973), Justice of the New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department (2009–)^[392]^[393]^[394]^[395]
George Landon Ingraham (1869), Presiding Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (1910–15), Justice (1896–1910)
Almet Francis Jenks (1877), Presiding Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, Second Judicial Department (1911–12, 1912–21), Justice (1905–11)
Steve Kelley, former Minnesota state senator, Minnesota House of Representatives, currently Director of the Center for Science, Technology, and Public Policy at the Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota
Rory Lancman, member of the New York City Council, representing the 24th Council District since 2014. Former member of the New York State Assembly.
Benjamin M. Lawsky (B.A., J.D.), first Superintendent, New York State Department of Financial Services (2011–); investigated Standard Chartered
Edward Lazansky (B.A. 1985, J.D. 1897), Justice of the New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division (1926–43); Secretary of State of New York (1911–12)
Ben McAdams (2003), rising Utah state senator^[396]
Angela Mazzarelli (1971), Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (1994–)
Karla Moskowitz (1966), Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (2008–)
Edgar J. Nathan (1916), Manhattan Borough President and Judge of the New York Supreme Court
Charles J. O'Byrne (1984), Secretary to the Governor of New York David Paterson (2008)
Eric T. Washington (1979), Chief judge (2005–), District of Columbia Court of Appeals (the highest court in the District of Columbia) (1999–)

City and county government

Charles d'Autremont (1875), former mayor of Duluth, Minnesota
Hugh H. Bownes (1948), former mayor of Laconia, New Hampshire
Michael A. Cardozo (1966), corporation counsel of New York City (2002–present)
James Dickson Carr (1896), Assistant District Attorney, New York County (1899–1901)^[397]
Maurice E. Connolly, Borough president of Queens, New York, U.S.A. (1911–28)
Charles L. Craig (1872–1935), New York City Comptroller
Rocky Delgadillo (1986), City Attorney of Los Angeles; first Latino in over 100 years to be elected citywide in Los Angeles
Thomas Dewey (1925), former Manhattan District Attorney
William Henry Eustis (1874), Mayor of Minneapolis (1893–95)
Thomas Gulotta (1969) County Executive of Nassau County, New York (1987–2001)
Hugh J. Grant, mayor of New York City (1889–92, two terms); remains youngest mayor in the city's history
Rudolph Halley (1933), former President of the New York City Council
Walter Foxcroft Hawkins (1886), former mayor of Pittsfield, the largest city and traditional county seat of Massachusetts' Berkshire County
Frank S. Katzenbach, former mayor of Trenton, New Jersey; justice, New Jersey Supreme Court
George Latimer (Minnesota politician), mayor of Saint Paul, Minnesota (1976–90); regent of the University of Minnesota
Charles Meeker, mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina (2001–current)
Constance Baker Motley (1946), first African American female, Manhattan Borough President (1964–66); attorney, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund (1946–64)
De Lancey Nicoll (1876) New York County District Attorney (1891–93)
William M.K. Olcott, New York County District Attorney (1897–98)
George Pataki (1970), former mayor of Peekskill, New York; former governor of New York
Eugene A. Philbin (1885), New York County District Attorney (1899–1901)
Robert Price (attorney), Deputy Mayor of New York City under John Lindsay
Louise Renne (1961), former mayor San Francisco (1978–86); first female City Attorney, City and County of San Francisco (1978–01)
Janette Sadik-Khan, current Commissioner of the New York City Department of Transportation (2007–)
Percy Hamilton Stewart (1893), former mayor of Plainfield, New Jersey
Andrew H. Warren (2002), State Attorney of Florida's 13th Judicial Circuit, Hillsborough County (2017–22)
Terence M. Zaleski, first strong-mayor of the city of Yonkers since World War II (1992–95)

Non-U.S. government

Prominent political figures

William Pike Hall, Sr. (Class of 1922, 1896–1945), Louisiana state senator for Caddo and DeSoto parishes, 1924 to 1932, Shreveport attorney
Giuliano Amato (LL.M. 1963), twice Prime Minister of Italy (2000–01; 1992–93), twice Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (Secretary of State) (2001 and 1992), Minister of the Exchequer and Deputy Prime Minister (1987–89), Italian Minister of the Interior (2006–08), President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2000–01; 1992–93), Minister for Institutional Reforms (1998–99), Minister of the Exchequer, Budget and Economic Programming (1999–2000), member of the Italian Senate (2001–06), member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies (2006–08; 1993–94), Vice President of the Convention on the Future of Europe (2001–03)
Mikhail Saakashvili (LL.M. 1994), third President, Georgia (2005–present), former Minister of Justice
Dionysia-Theodora Avgerinopoulou (J.S.D. 2011) member, Hellenic Parliament since the 2009 legislative election
Radhika Coomaraswamy, appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan as Under Secretary-General, Special Representative, Children and Armed Conflict (2006)
Kim Hyun-jong (J.D. 1985), former South Korean Minister for Trade (cabinet) in the administration of President Roh Moo-hyun (2004–07); former South Korean Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations (2007–09)^[398]^[399]^[400]^[401]^[402]
Francesco Paolo Fulci (LL.M.), Italian Diplomat, former Permanent Representative of Italy to the United Nations (1993–99)
Marvic Mario Victor F. Leonen (LL.M.), Chief Peace Negotiator for the Republic of the Philippines (2010–12)
Sean Lien (LL.M.), current member of the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang, the current ruling party in Taiwan
Daryl Mundis, senior trial attorney, International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia at The Hague
Jim Peterson (LL.M.), Canadian retired politician, former Minister of International Trade (cabinet) (2003–06), Secretary of State (sub-cabinet) (1997–2007), Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada (1988–2007; 1981–83)
Lorrin A. Thurston (LL.B.), Kingdom of Hawaii Minister of Interior (1887–90)
Ronald Duterte (LL.M.), former Mayor of Cebu City, Philippines (1983–86)^[403]

Prominent judicial figures

Salahuddin Ahmad (LL.M. 1970), Attorney General of Bangladesh (2008–09)
Mark MacGuigan (LL.M., J.S.D.), Attorney General of Canada, also Canadian Minister of Justice (1982–84); Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs (1980–82)
Githu Muigai (LL.M. 1986), current Attorney General, Kenya (August 2011–)^[404]^[405]^[406]^[407]^[408]^[409]^[410]
Susan Denham (LL.M.), Chief Justice (2011–), Associate Justice (1992–2011), Supreme Court of Ireland, first female Chief Justice; longest-serving member of court
George Moe (LL.M.), Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Belize (1982–85); Justice, Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (1985–91)
Hironobu Takesaki (LL.M. 1971), 17th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Japan (the highest court in the country of Japan) (2008–)
Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh (LL.M.), Chief Justice (2008–), Associate Justice (2002–08), Supreme Court of Sierra Leone
Giuliano Amato (LL.M.), member, Constitutional Court of Italy (2013–)
Joaquim Barbosa (visiting scholar, CLS, 1999, 2000), Chief Justice of Brazil (2012–); only black Supreme Federal Court justice minister in Brazil
Karin Maria Bruzelius (LL.M. 1969), Justice, Supreme Court of Sweden (the highest court in the country of Sweden) (1997–); Swedish Under Secretary of State (the first woman to hold such a position) (1989–97), Swedish Deputy Under Secretary of State (1979–83)
Jan Schans Christensen (LL.M. 1988), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of Denmark (2013–)
Lawrence Collins, Baron Collins of Mapesbury (LL.M.), former member, Supreme Court of the United Kingdom (2009–11);^[411] Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (2009); Lord Justice of Appeal (2007–09); Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (see the Privy Council) (February 2007–); judge, High Court of England and Wales (2000)
Jaime Fuster (LL.M. 1966), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of Puerto Rico (the highest court of the island) (1992–2007)
Marvic Mario Victor F. Leonen (LL.M. 2004), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the Philippines (the country's highest court) (2012–)^[412]
Liana Fiol Matta (LL.M., S.J.D.), second woman in Puerto Rican history to serve as Associate Justice, Supreme Court of Puerto Rico (as of 2011)
John T. McDonough (LL.B. 1861), appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt as Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the Philippines (the country's highest court)
Francis M. Ssekandi (LL.M.), former Justice, Supreme Court of Uganda (the highest court in the country of Uganda); Judge, World Bank Administrative Tribunal (2007–)
Richard Whitehead Young (LL.B. 1884), appointed by President William McKinley as Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the Philippines; a U.S. Army Brigadier General
Shi Jiuyong (LL.M. 1951), former President, U.N. International Court of Justice (2003–10); former Chairman, International Law Commission
Xue Hanqin (LL.M. 1983, J.S.D. 1995), Judge, U.N. International Court of Justice (2010–); Chinese diplomat and international law expert^[413]^[414]
V. K. Wellington Koo (Phd. 1912), International Court of Justice (1956–67)
Charles Evans Hughes, Judge, Permanent Court of International Justice in The Hague, The Netherlands (1928–30)
Ernest Howard Crosby (LL.B.), Judge in First Instance, Alexandria, Egypt (1887–89)
Rocky Pollack, Canadian Judge, member of the Manitoba Securities Commission (2002–06)

Academia

University presidents

Carmen Twillie Ambar (1994), president, Cedar Crest College (2008–present); former head (2002–07) and dean (2007–08), Douglass College (former New Jersey College for Women) (independent college from 1918 to 2007)
Penelope (Penny) Andrews (LL.M. 1984), Albany Law School's 17th president & dean (effective July 1, 2012–)^[415]
Lee Bollinger (1971), president, University of Michigan (1996–2002); president, Columbia University (2002–present); professor (1973–94) and dean (1987–94), University of Michigan Law School; provost, Dartmouth College (1994–96); Chair, Federal Reserve Bank of New York (2011)
Colin G. Campbell, 13th president, Wesleyan University
Colgate Darden (1923), president, College of William and Mary (1946–47); president, University of Virginia (1947–59); namesake of the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration; congressman from Virginia (1933–37, 1939–41); Governor of Virginia (1942–46)
Ellen V. Futter (1974), president, Barnard College (1980–93); president, American Museum of Natural History
E. Gordon Gee (1971), president, West Virginia University (1981–85), University of Colorado at Boulder (1985–90), Ohio State University (1990–97), Brown University (1997–2000), Vanderbilt University (2000–07), and Ohio State University (2007–present)
Frank Johnson Goodnow (1882), first president, Johns Hopkins University
Samuel Hoi, president, Otis College of Art and Design (2000–)
Stuart Rabinowitz, eight president, Hofstra University (2000–present), former Hofstra School of Law dean.^[416]
George R. Johnson, Jr. (1976), ninth president, LeMoyne-Owen College^[417]^[418]
George Latimer (Minnesota politician), regent, University of Minnesota
Samuel Laws, president, University of Missouri (1876–89); president, Westminster College, Missouri (1854–61)
Frank Macchiarola, Chancellor (2008–), president (1996–2008), St. Francis College
Ronald Mason, Jr. (1977), president, Southern University System (2010–);^[419] former president, Jackson State University; President Obama's Board of Advisers on HBCU's^[420]
Barry Mills (1979), president, Bowdoin College (2001–present)
Emanuel Rackman (1910–2008), Modern Orthodox rabbi; President of Bar-Ilan University
Mitchell Reiss (J.D.), 27th president of Washington College (2010–)
Frederick G. Slabach (LL.M.), president, Texas Wesleyan University (January 1, 2011–)^[421]
Michael I. Sovern (1955), president, Columbia University (1980–93); professor (1957–present) and dean (1970–79), Columbia Law School; chairman, Sotheby's (2002–present)
Hiram F. Stevens (1874), one of the five founders of William Mitchell College of Law
Ethelbert Dudley Warfield (1885), president, Miami University, Lafayette College, and Wilson College; director, Princeton Theological Seminary.^[422]
Norman Adrian Wiggins (LL.M., S.J.D.), Chancellor and president, Campbell College (subsequently Campbell University) (1967–2003)
Phillip Williams (1977), president, McNeese State University (2010–); former president, University of Montevallo (2006–10)^[423]

Legal academia

Fionnuala Ní Aoláin (LL.M.), Northern Ireland professor of law, University of Ulster, specializing in human rights law
Penelope Andrews (LL.M.), dean of Albany Law School; professor of law, South African constitutional law
Nina Appel (1959), legal scholar and first female dean of Loyola Law School
Donna Arzt (LL.M.) longtime professor of law, Syracuse University College of Law, human rights law, Director of the Center for Global Law and Practice
John F. Banzhaf III (1965), professor and practitioner of public interest law, George Washington University School of Law^[424]
Mark Barnes (LL.M.), expert on healthcare law, public health, managed care law, and law and medicine
Barbara Aronstein Black (1955), first women to head an Ivy League law school; professor and dean, Columbia Law; contracts and legal history
Lee Bollinger (1971), dean (1987–94), professor (1973–94), University of Michigan Law School; Provost of Dartmouth College (1994–96); President, University of Michigan (1996–02); President, Columbia University (2002–); defendant in the Supreme Court case Grutter v. Bollinger (2003); scholar of First Amendment and freedom of speech
Lea Brilmayer (LL.M.), Howard M. Holtzmann Professor of International Law, Yale Law School
Alexandra Carter, clinical law professor, mediator, media personality, negotiation trainer and author
Alta Charo (1982), professor of Law and Bioethics, University of Wisconsin–Madison; appointments in both Wisconsin's law and medical schools
Felix S. Cohen (1931), expert on Native American law, legal philosopher; professor, Yale Law School; early proponent of legal realism
Morris L. Cohen (1951), "one of the nation's most influential legal librarians" and professor of law, University of Pennsylvania, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School
Lawrence Collins (LL.M.), co-author of standard reference work on conflict of laws (since 1987); author, many other books, articles on private international law; English judge
Robert Cover (1968), professor, Columbia Law (1971–72) and Yale Law School (1972–86); scholar of history, philosophy, literature, and law
Brainerd Currie (LL.M.), noted for his work in conflict of laws and for his creation of the concept of governmental interests analysis; dean, University of Pittsburgh School of Law; professor, University of Chicago Law School, Duke Law School; considered the poet laureate of law professors; namesake of annual Brainerd Currie Memorial Lecture
Eduardo De Los Angeles (1970), dean and professor of law, Ateneo Law School (Philippines); President, Philippine Stock Exchange
Paul Demaret (LL.M.), Rector, College of Europe (Bruges, Belgium), Director of Legal Studies; former professor, University of Liège
Donald L. Drakeman, Fellow, Judge Business School, Cambridge University; former faculty member, Princeton University (courses and seminars on U. S. civil liberties)
Samuel Estreicher (B.A. 1970, J.D. 1975), Dwight D. Opperman Professor of Law, New York University School of Law, director of its Center for Labor and Employment
Nathan Feinsinger (Law, post-graduate study); expert, labor law; professor, University of Wisconsin Law School, arbitrated a number of national labor disputes
Robert Isaac Field, expert in many areas of health care law and regulation
Claire Finkelstein, professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School
Edward Foley, theorist of the blue shift and former Ohio Solicitor General
Marvin E. Frankel (1948), professor, Columbia Law, federal judge, partner at Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel (1983–2002)
Charles Fried (1960), professor, Harvard Law (1961–87, 1989–95, 1999–present), U.S. Solicitor General (1985–89)
E. Allan Farnsworth (1952), expert on the law of contracts and professor, Columbia Law (1952–2004)
Michael Geist, Canadian legal academic in internet and E-Commerce law at the University of Ottawa
Ruth Bader Ginsburg, first women on both Columbia and Harvard Law Reviews; professor, Rutgers School of Law–Newark; first women granted tenure, Columbia Law; co-founded Women's Rights Law Reporter; Associate Justice, United States Supreme Court
Harvey Goldschmid (1965), professor, Columbia Law and expert on securities law
Paul Goldstein (1967), professor, Stanford Law School and expert copyright law
Lino Graglia (1954), professor, University of Texas specializing in antitrust litigation; critic of affirmative action, racial quotas, and some aspects of judicial review; failed nomination, United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
R. Kent Greenawalt (1963), professor, Columbia Law; Fellow, Clare Hall, Cambridge University (1972–73); Fellow, All Souls College, Oxford University (1979); main interests legal philosophy, civil rights; former Deputy Solicitor General of the United States
Jack Greenberg (1948), dean (1989–93), professor (1984–), Columbia Law; Presidential Citizens Medal; counsel & second President, Director-Counsel, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund (1949–84),^[425] in which capacity he argued Brown v. Board of Education (1954); argued 40 civil rights cases before the U.S. Supreme Court
William Dameron Guthrie, legal educator and lawyer; Storrs Lecturer, Yale University; professor, Columbia Law; author of legal treatises
James C. Hathaway (LL.M., J.S.D.), legal scholar in the field of international refugee law
John D. Hawke, Jr. (1969), legal scholar in federal regulation of financial institutions, author of Commentaries on Banking Regulation (1985)
Alfred Hayes, Jr. (1889), professor, Cornell Law School (1907–17); Progressive Era advocate for Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party and the Bull Moose initiative
Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr. (1954), Sterling Professor, Emeritus, Yale Law School; Trustee Professor of Law, University of Pennsylvania Law School
Charles Evans Hughes (1884), professor, Cornell Law School; United States Secretary of State; Associate and Chief Justice, U.S. Supreme Court
Huger Jervey, was dean (1924–28), Columbia Law (succeeded Harlan Fiske Stone), professor (1923 to 1949)
Yale Kamisar (1955), expert on criminal law and professor, University of Michigan Law School (1965–present)
Benjamin Kaplan (1933), Royall Professor of Law, Emeritus, Harvard Law School, copyright scholar and jurist^[426]
Irving Kayton (LL.M., J.S.D.), former professor, George Washington University School of Law, expert on patent and copyright law
John Marshall Kernochan, law professor; founded Columbia Law's Kernochan Center for Law, Media and the Arts; pioneering work in intellectual property law
Sanford H. Kadish (1948), influential professor of Criminal Law, University of California, Berkeley
Marvic Mario Victor F. Leonen (LL.M.), dean (2008–11), law professor, University of the Philippines College of Law
Howard Lesnick (LLB 1958), Jefferson B. Fordham Professor of Law Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania Law School
Victor Hao Li (J.D. 1964), Professor at Stanford Law School, President of East–West Center (1981–1990)
Jessica Litman, expert on copyright law, professor, University of Michigan Law School
Louis Lusky (1937), pioneer in field of civil rights law; former professor, Columbia Law
Gerard E. Lynch (1975), vice dean (1992–97), professor, Columbia Law; primary scholarly interests include criminal law and procedure, sentencing, and professional responsibility; judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2009–)
Wendy Mariner, internationally recognized authority in health law, published more than 100 articles in the legal, medical and health policy literature
Harold Medina (1912), professor, Columbia Law (1912–47); lawyer; judge, federal trial court ('47–51), federal appellate court ('51–80); cover of Time magazine, 1949
Soia Mentschikoff (1937), drafter, Uniform Commercial Code; first women to teach at Harvard Law School; dean, University of Miami School of Law
Alan C. Michaels (1986), dean, Ohio State University Moritz College of Law (2008–present)
Dorothy Miner (1961), helped develop nationwide legal protections for historic landmarks, professor of law
Richard B. Morris, historian, legal scholar, best known for his pioneering work in colonial American legal history
Trevor Morrison (1998), dean, New York University School of Law (May 31, 2013–);^[427] Associate White House Counsel, President Barack Obama (2009–10)^[28]^[29]^[30]
Wayne Morse (J.S.D. 1932), dean and professor, University of Oregon School of Law
Robert Pitofsky, dean, Georgetown University Law Center; professor of law, leading scholar in the area of trade regulation; former Chairman, U.S. Federal Trade Commission
S. Jay Plager (LL.M. 1961), former dean and professor, Indiana University Maurer School of Law (1977–84)
Mitchell Reiss (J.D.), Vice-Provost of International Affairs and professor, William and Mary Law School
Lawrence Sager (1966), dean, University of Texas Law School (2006–present); longtime professor, New York University Law School; visiting professor, Harvard Law School, University of Michigan Law School, Princeton University; one of the nation's preeminent constitutional theorists and scholars
Rudolf Schlesinger (1942), professor, Cornell Law School, seminal work in comparative law
Whitney North Seymour (1923), professor, Yale Law School and New York University, Assistant U.S. Solicitor General (1931–33)
Munroe Smith (1877), pioneering work in comparative jurisprudence, one of the founders of the Political Science Quarterly; dean, School of Mines
Hans Smit (LL.B. 1958), professor at Columbia Law School, expert on international law
Michael I. Sovern (1955), dean (1970–79) and professor (1957–present), Columbia Law; President, Columbia University (1980–93); Chairman, Sotheby's (2002–present), scholar of labor law; expert on employment discrimination
Stewart Sterk, professor, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, leading casebook on trusts and estates
Hiram F. Stevens (1874), first dean, William Mitchell College of Law; professor, University of Minnesota Law School
Clyde Wilson Summers (LL.M. 1946, S.J.D. 1952), professor, Yale Law School (1956–75); professor, University of Pennsylvania Law School (1975–05); helped write Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act
Stanley S. Surrey (J.D. 1932), tax law scholar known as "a dean of the academic tax bar"^[428] and "the greatest tax scholar of his generation"^[429]
K. A. Taipale (LL.M.), lawyer, scholar, and social theorist specializing in information, technology, and national security policy
Paul Tappan (J.S.D. 1945), criminologist and Professor of Law and Criminology at the UC Berkeley School of Law
Arthur T. Vanderbilt, served for many years as the dean of the New York University School of Law, currently housed in a building that bears his name; on two separate occasions he declined to be considered for nominations to the United States Supreme Court; Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court (1948–57)
Judith Vladeck (1957), legal scholar, attorney; helped set new legal precedents against sex discrimination and age discrimination
Charles Warren (1933), legal scholar, Pulitzer prize for History (Supreme Court in United States History)
Amy Wax (J.D. 1987), Robert Mundheim Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania Law School
Herbert Wechsler (1931), professor, Columbia Law (1933–78); director, American Law Institute (1963–84); argued in U.S. Supreme Court the seminal libel case New York Times v. Sullivan (1964); known for his constitutional law scholarship and creation of the Model Penal Code
Jack B. Weinstein, professor, Columbia Law (1952–98), author of a leading treatise on evidence; judge, United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York
Mark D. West (J.D. 1993), dean (2013–) and professor, University of Michigan Law School, widely published on subject of Japanese law and the Japanese legal system
Louis Westerfield (LL.M. 1980), professor and first African American dean, University of Mississippi School of Law (1994–96)
Steven Winter, Walter S. Gibbs Professor of Constitutional Law at Wayne State University Law School
George Winterton (J.S.D.), Professor of Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney, University of New South Wales
Harold Wren (1921–2016), dean of three law schools

Arts and letters

Charles Warren (U.S. author) (S.J.D.), Pulitzer Prize for History
John Kendrick Bangs (1883–84), writer and satirist associated with so-called "Bangsian fantasy"
Alfred Bester (dropped out), science fiction author, TV and radio scriptwriter, magazine editor, Hugo Award
Charles Chaille-Long (1880), writer, explorer of Africa, soldier
Da Chen, Chinese author; Brothers awarded best book of 2006 by Publishers Weekly and The Washington Post
Thomas Frederick Crane, American folklorist, academic at Cornell University, lawyer
Ernest Howard Crosby, author
John Watts de Peyster (studied at the Law School), author on the art of war, military history and biography; also published drama, poetry, military criticism
Bruce Ducker (1964), novelist, Pulitzer Prize nominated, Colorado Book Award
Freddie Gershon, published author of hugely successful roman à clef concerning the music industry (in the 1960s through the 1980s)
William Francis Gibbs (LL.B., M.A.), renowned naval architect
Martin Gottfried, critic, drama critic, columnist and author
Eddie Hayes (lawyer), memoirist
Arthur Garfield Hays (1905), author of numerous books and articles
Isaac Hollister Hall (1865), famed Orientalist and curator of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (1885–96)
Thomas Hauser (1970), award-winning author; 1991 William Hill Sports Book of the Year; Pulitzer Prize nominated
William Ivins, Jr. (1907), curator of prints at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (1916–46), author
Speight Jenkins (1961), arts administrator, general director of the Seattle Opera (1983–)
Tudor Jenks (1880), author, poet, artist, editor, lawyer
Caroline Kennedy (1988), writer, editor, author of seven best selling books (including two on civil liberties), attorney; daughter of President John F. Kennedy
John Marshall Kernochan, law professor, composer, and music publisher
Gustav Kobbe 1879, music critic and author, best known for his guide to opera, The Complete Opera Book
Hamilton Wright Mabie (1869), essayist, critic, and lecturer
Brander Matthews (1873), writer and educator, first U.S. professor of dramatic literature, Legion of Honor
Brad Meltzer (1996), New York Times best-selling novelist, DC Comics author, and co-creator of the television series Jack & Bobby
Duffield Osborne (1881), author
Edward Packard, children's author who developed the "choose your own adventure" style of storytelling
Isaac Rice (1880), author, inventor, and chess patron
James N. Rosenberg (1898). artist
Karenna Gore Schiff (2000), author, journalist, attorney, daughter of Vice-President Al Gore
Eugene Schuyler (1863), translator of Ivan Turgenev and Leo Tolstoi, writer, scholar
Paula Sharp, author, translator
Gerald Tomlinson, writer of mysteries and books on baseball and other topics
Arthur Dudley Vinton, author and lawyer
Manly Wade Wellman, writer, recipient of Edgar Allan Poe Award, among other awards
Daniel R. White (1979), lawyer, humorist, writer, editor; best known as the author of The Official Lawyer's Handbook, a satire of the legal profession, and White's Law Dictionary, a parody of Black's Law Dictionary
Charles Yu, writer; 2020 National Book Award winner (fiction) for Interior Chinatown, 2007 National Book Foundation "5 Under 35" Award; How to Live Safely, runner up, 2011 Campbell Memorial Award.^[430]

Performing arts

Suchindra Bali, Tamil actor
Leonard Cohen (1956–57), Canadian singer-songwriter, musician, poet and novelist
Wafah Dufour (LL.M.), singer/songwriter
Eric Eisner (1973), lawyer, former president of The Geffen Company and founder of the Young Eisner Scholars program
Alonzo Elliot, composer and songwriter (studied with Nadia Boulanger and Leonard Bernstein, among others)
Oscar Hammerstein II², writer, producer, and director of musicals, awarded two Academy Awards, two Pulitzer Prizes, and nine Tony Awards
Hoyt Hilsman, screenwriter, playwright and critic
Howard Koch (screenwriter), blacklisted in the 1950s, work includes Casablanca (1942) (for which he received an Academy Award), The War of the Worlds (1936), Letter to an Unknown Woman (1948)
Robinne Lee, actress, Seven Pounds (2008) with Will Smith, Hav Plenty (1997), among other films
Rod MacDonald (1973), singer/songwriter
Abraham Polonsky (1935), Academy Award-nominated screenwriter blacklisted in the 1950s
Paul Robeson (1923), actor of stage and film, singer (opera, lieder, international folk music, spirituals), and writer; fluent or near fluent in 12 languages
Tom Rothman (1980), co-chairman and CEO of Fox Filmed Entertainment
Nick Santora (1996), writer (The Sopranos, Law & Order), producer (Prison Break) and novelist
Franklin Schaffner (legal education interrupted by service during World War II), Academy Award-winning film director
Stephen Strimpell, actor of stage and film

Business and philanthropy

Dan Abrams (1992), general manager of MSNBC; formerly chief legal correspondent for NBC News and host of The Abrams Report
William Waldorf Astor (1875), Anglo-American financier, son of John Jacob Astor, US Minister to Italy (1881–85)
Mark Attanasio (1982), investment banker and owner of the Milwaukee Brewers (since 2004, incumbent as of 2011^[update])
Roland W. Betts (1978), investor, film producer, lead owner in George W. Bush's Texas Rangers partnership (1989–98), and developer and owner of Chelsea Piers (1989–)
Douglas Black (1918), president of Doubleday (1946–63)
Frank Blake (1976), CEO of Home Depot (2007–)
Bruce Buck (1970), chairman of Chelsea F.C. (2003–)
Stephen Carlton Clark (1907), Singer Sewing Machine heir, founder of the Baseball Hall of Fame and other Cooperstown, New York cultural institutions
Alan N. Cohen (1954), chairman, CEO, Madison Square Garden Corp. (1974–77); former principal owner, New Jersey Nets, Boston Celtics, New York Knicks, New York Rangers
J. Barkclay Collins II (1969), general counsel for Hess Corporation (1984–present)
Luca Cordero di Montezemolo, President and CEO of Ferrari
Philippe Dauman (1978), president and CEO of Viacom, parent company of Paramount Pictures and MTV Networks
Bruce Davis, CEO, chairman, Digimarc; formerly, head of Imagic and Activision; known for his role in development of video game industry
Lynn Forester de Rothschild, CEO of E L Rothschild (2002–)
Henry Clay Folger (1881), president of the Standard Oil Company (1911–23) and founder of the Folger Shakespeare Library
Ted Forstmann (1965), co-founder of Forstmann Little & Company, chairman and CEO of Gulfstream Aerospace (1990–99), and member of Forbes 400 (1998–2003)
George Griswold Frelinghuysen (1872), president of P. Ballantine & Sons Company
Stephen Friedman (1962), chairman of Goldman Sachs (1990–94), director of the National Economic Council (2002–05)
Charles Patrick Garcia, president of Sterling Hispanic Markets Capital Group; White House Fellow, Chairman of the Board of Visitors of the United States Air Force Academy
Daniel Hunt Gilman (1877), attorney and railroad builder
Jerome L. Greene (1928), real estate investor and namesake of Columbia's main building, Jerome L. Greene Hall
Edward S. Harkness (1928)³, Standard Oil Company heir, donated funds used to construct Butler Library at Columbia and most of the undergraduate dormitories at Yale and Harvard, as well as to Phillips Exeter Academy
Fairfax Harrison (studied law), president, CEO of Southern Railway Company (1913–37)
David W. Heleniak (1974), vice-chairman of Morgan Stanley
Morton L. Janklow (1953), literary agent to Sidney Sheldon, Pope John Paul II, Danielle Steel, Ronald Reagan, and J.K. Rowling
Michael Karlan (1992), founder of the nation's largest social and networking group, Professionals in the City
Mark N. Kaplan (1953), CEO of Drexel Burnham Lambert and Engelhard
Jerome Kohlberg, Jr. (1950), co-founder of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, member of the Forbes 400.
Orin Kramer (1970), chair of the New Jersey Pension Fund
Stephen M. Kravit, executive vice president, The Gersh Agency, formerly senior vice president, business affairs, Twentieth Century Fox^[431]
Harvey M. Krueger (1953), CEO of Kuhn, Loeb & Co. and vice chairman of Lehman Brothers and Barclays
James T. Lee (1899), prolific Manhattan real estate developer/magnate; grandfather of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis^[432]^[433]
Richard LeFrak (1970), billionaire real estate investor
H. F. Lenfest (1958), media proprietor and member of Forbes 400 (from 1999)
Randy Lerner (1987), Chairman and CEO of MBNA (2002–05); owner, Cleveland Browns (2002–) and Aston Villa Football Club (2006–); member of Forbes 400 (since 2002))
Francis Levien (1928), director of Gulf and Western Industries, namesake of Levien Gymnasium
Russell E. Train (1948), founding trustee, CEO, president, and chairman of the World Wildlife Fund
Michael Lynne (1964), president (1990–2001), co-CEO and co-chairman (since 2001, incumbent as of 2006^[update]) of New Line Cinema
Douglas H. McCorkindale (1964), CEO (since 2000, incumbent as of 2006^[update]) and chairman (since 2001, incumbent as of 2006^[update]) of Gannett
Mark J. Penn, worldwide CEO, public relations firm Burson-Marsteller; president, polling firm Penn, Schoen and Berland Associates
Tom Pollock, co-founder of The Montecito Picture Company, former chairman of Universal Pictures
Steven Price, co-founder of Townsquare Media, and minority owner of the Atlanta Hawks
Freeman Ransom, general manager of Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company and civic leader^[434]
Bruce Ratner (1970), founder (1985), president, and CEO of Forest City Ratner; principal owner of the New Jersey Nets
Lawrence R. Riccardi (1965), general counsel of IBM (1995–2002)
Isaac Rice (1880), founded the Electric Boat Company, renamed itself the General Dynamics Corporation in 1952
Tom Rogers, president and CEO Tivo; former Chairman and CEO of Primedia Inc.
Thomas Rothman (1980), co-chair of Fox Filmed Entertainment
Herb Sandler, founder of Golden West Financial (1963), philanthropist, member of Forbes 400 (from 2003)
Moose Scheib, founder and CEO of LoanMod.com
Robert B. Shapiro (1962), CEO of Monsanto Company
Robert Shaye (1964), founder, chairman/co-chairman and CEO/co-CEO of New Line Cinema (since 1967, incumbent as of 2006^[update])
Sid Sheinberg, president and COO of MCA
James Sherwin (B.A. and J.D.), corporate executive and International Master in chess
Richard D. Simmons, president of the Washington Post Co. (1981–91)
Herbert M. Singer (1928), director of PepsiCo
David Stern (1966), commissioner of the National Basketball Association (since 1984, incumbent as of 2006^[update])
Audrey Strauss (1982), chief legal officer of Alcoa
Todd Stitzer (1978), CEO Cadbury plc (incumbent as of 2009)
Franklin A. Thomas (1963), president of the Ford Foundation (1979–96)
S. Robson Walton (1969), chairman of Wal-mart (1992, incumbent as of 2006^[update]) and member of the Forbes 400 (since 1992)
Mark Weldon (1997), CEO of New Zealand Stock Exchange (2002–12)
Devin Wenig American business executive, currently the president and CEO of eBay.
H. Donald Wilson, database pioneer and entrepreneur, first president and one of the principal creators of Lexis and Nexis
Buchanan Winthrop (1864), American philanthropist and descendant of Wait Winthrop and Joseph Dudley
Justin Woolverton (2009), co-founder and CEO of Halo Top Creamery

Journalism

Dan Abrams (1992), media legal commentator
Poultney Bigelow, journalist and author
Dean Budnick (1990), journalist, filmmaker and author
Julius Chambers, F.R.G.S., New York journalist, investigative reporter, author, travel writer
William Dudley Foulke (1871), journalist, literary critic
Eddie Hayes, journalist, lawyer
Tudor Jenks (1880), journalist, editor, lawyer
Robert Krulwich (1974), media journalist, Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University Award, Emmy Award, George Polk Award
Henry Demarest Lloyd, referred to as "the father of investigative journalism"
Cynthia McFadden, ABC news anchor, George Foster Peabody Award
Matthew Miller (journalist) (1986), also columnist and author, The Two Percent Solution (among other works)
Victor Robinson, medical journalist and physician
Karenna Gore Schiff (2000), journalist, author, lawyer
Alexander Simpson (attended), journalist, attorney
Cenk Uygur, Creator and Co-host of The Young Turks
H. Walter Webb, journalist

Private legal practice

Alan J. Altheimer (1925), managing partner of Altheimer & Gray and former president of the Jewish Council on Urban Affairs
Naomi Biden (2020), associate at Arnold & Porter, granddaughter of U.S. President Joe Biden
Paul Drennan Cravath (1886), name partner of New York law firm Cravath, Swaine & Moore (awarded first Municipal Law prize, and prize tutorship).
William Nelson Cromwell (1878), founder of New York law firm Sullivan & Cromwell.
George Davidson (1967), head of the Litigation Department of the New York law firm Hughes Hubbard & Reed.
Gerald Dickler (1933), name partner of Hall, Dickler, Kent, Friedman & Wood and former chairman of Pollock-Krasner Foundation
Leslie Fagen (1974), litigator; senior partner at the international law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison.
Marvin E. Frankel (1948), name partner in New York Law firm Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP, litigator, federal judge, professor at Columbia Law, legal scholar.
William Golub (1937), lawyer and advisor to Governor Nelson Rockefeller
Natasha Hausdorff (born 1989), British barrister, international news commentator, and Israel advocate
Arthur Garfield Hays (1905), prominent corporate litigator.
Ed Hayes (1972), defense attorney and Court TV anchor; basis for the character Tommy Killian in the Tom Wolfe novel The Bonfire of the Vanities.
Charles Evans Hughes, one of founders of New York law firm Hughes Hubbard & Reed LLP; from 1925 to 1930, he argued over 50 times before U.S. Supreme Court.
Roberta A. Kaplan (1991), litigator and partner of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, argued in United States v. Windsor
Benjamin Kaye (1907), lawyer, playwright, co-founder of Kaye Scholer
Caroline Kennedy (1988), daughter of President John F. Kennedy; former candidate for U.S. Senator (New York).
Jeffrey L. Kessler, litigator; partner at the international law firm Winston & Strawn.
Ezra G. Levin (1959), name partner of Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel
Harvey R. Miller (1959), The New York Times called him "the most prominent bankruptcy lawyer in the nation." (March 9, 2007)
Ira Millstein (1949), antitrust expert, partner at Weil, Gotshal & Manges, longest-practicing partner in big law
Gary P. Naftalis (1967), co-chairman of New York law firm Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP.
Louis Nizer, noted trial attorney, senior partner of New York law firm Phillips Nizer LLP.
C. Allen Parker (1983), presiding partner of Cravath, Swaine & Moore.
Frank Polk (1897), name partner of Davis Polk & Wardwell.
Charles Rembar (1938), best known as a First Amendment rights lawyer
Charles F.C. Ruff (1963), Washington attorney who represented Anita Hill and President Bill Clinton.
Isaac Shapiro (1956), of counsel of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, former president of Japan Society
Jonathan D. Schiller (1973), co-founder of Boies Schiller Flexner LLP
Whitney North Seymour (1923), president of the ABA; chairman of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett.
Sidney B. Silverman, trial lawyer specializing in stockholder actions.
John W. Simpson (1873), one of the founders of New York law firm Simpson Thacher & Bartlett.
David Sive (1948), pioneer in environmental law; founding partner, Sive, Paget & Riesel, PC.
John Slate (1938), name partner of Skadden Arps Slate Meagher & Flom
John William Sterling (1867), founder of the New York law firm Shearman & Sterling; major donor to his undergraduate alma mater, Yale University; namesake of Yale's library, law building, and its most prestigious endowed chair.
Francis Lynde Stetson (1869), early leader of New York law firm Davis Polk & Wardwell.
Max Steuer (1893), one of the most effective American trial attorneys in the first half of the 20th century
Moses J. Stroock (1888), one of the founders of the law firm Stroock & Stroock
Sol M. Stroock (1894), one of the founders of the law firm Stroock & Stroock
Thomas Thacher (1873), one of founders of Simpson, Thacher & Bartlett.
Henry Waters Taft, one of the most notable lawyers in New York, brother of President William Howard Taft.
Samuel Untermyer (1878), prominent corporate lawyer and civic leader.
Frank Weil, Sylvan Gotshal, and Horace Manges, founders of New York law firm Weil, Gotshal & Manges.
Louis S. Weiss, Simon H. Rifkind, and John F. Wharton, name partners of New York law firm Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison.

Religion

J. Reuben Clark (1906), leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church); member, Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (1934–61)
Bernard Hebda (1983), Catholic Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis (incumbent as of 2016)
Charles J. O'Byrne (1984), former Catholic priest

Activism

Bella Abzug (1947), social rights activist and a leader of the women's rights movement
Mark Barnes (LL.M. 1991), advocate for public healthcare law at the state and national levels, co-founded the first AIDS law clinic
Edward Bassett (1886), one of the founding fathers of modern-day urban planning
Lee Bollinger, advocate for affirmative action, defendant in Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger
Robert L. Carter (1941), civil rights activist, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund general counsel, in which capacity he argued Brown v. Board of Education II (1955)
Julius L. Chambers (LL.M. 1964), civil rights leader, attorney, and educator; third President and Director-Counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund^[425]
Felix Cohen (1928), advocate for Native American rights, fundamentally shaped federal Native American law and policy
Roy Cohn (1947), conservative lawyer who became famous during the investigations of Senator Joseph McCarthy into alleged Communists in the U.S. government
Robert Cover (1968), civil rights and international anti-violence activist, professor at Yale Law School
Albert DeSilver (1913), a founding member of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
Edward Ennis (1932), chairman of the ACLU from 1969 to 1976^[435]
William Dudley Foulke (1871), reformer, one of the principal reformers, New York State and the federal civil service systems; early president, American Suffrage Association
Marvin Frankel (1949), founder, Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, served as its chairman for many years; also helped establish sentencing guidelines for the federal courts
Ruth Bader Ginsburg, women's rights advocate, co-founded the Women's Rights Law Reporter; co-authored the first law school casebook on sex discrimination; as chief litigator of the ACLU's women's rights project, she argued six(?) cases before the U.S. Supreme Court
Richard Gottfried, leading advocate for patient autonomy and for universal access to quality, affordable health care
Jack Greenberg (B.A. 1945, LL.B. 1948), second President and Director-Counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund; argued 40 civil rights cases before the U.S. Supreme Court, including Brown v. Board of Education (1954)^[425]
Arthur Garfield Hays (1905), civil liberties activist, general counsel for the ACLU, notable trials included Scopes Trial, trial of Sacco and Vanzetti, and Scottsboro case
Charles Evans Hughes, one of the co-founders of the National Conference of Christians and Jews to oppose the Ku Klux Klan, anti-Catholicism, and anti-Semitism
Arundhati Katju (LL.M. 2017), has litigated many notable cases at the Supreme Court of India and the Delhi High Court, including the Section 377 case, which overturned Section 377, a colonial-era sodomy law in India which was used to criminalize homosexuality.
Caroline Kennedy (1988), principal fund raiser of private funds for the New York City public schools, co-founder of Profiles in Courage Award, a director of the Commission on Presidential Debates and the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, one of three co-chairs of President-elect Barack Obama's Vice Presidential Search Committee (2008), adviser to the Harvard Institute of Politics
John Marshall Kernochan, advocate for artists' intellectual property rights
William Kunstler (1948), civil rights and human rights activist, director of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) (1964–72); co-founded the Center for Constitutional Rights
John Brooks Leavitt (1871), reformer, author
Peter Lehner, lawyer and environmentalist; Executive Director, Natural Resources Defense Council
Charles K. Lexow, first attorney for the Legal Aid Society of New York City; brother of Clarence Lexow (class of 1872)
Li Lu (1996), leader of the Tiananmen Square Protests (1989), first student at Columbia to simultaneously receive B.A., M.B.A., and J.D. degrees
Louis Marshall (1876–77), mediator and Jewish community leader who worked to secure religious, political, and cultural freedom for all minority groups; conservationist
Vilma Socorro Martínez, served for almost ten years as president and general counsel of Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund^[263]
James Meredith (1968), American civil rights movement figure, first African American student at the University of Mississippi
Constance Baker Motley (1946), attorney for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund (1945–64); Manhattan Borough president (1964–66); first African American woman appointed to the federal bench (1966–86)
Nancy Northup, President of the Center for Reproductive Rights
Marshall Perlin (1942), civil liberties lawyer, defended Soviet spies Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Anika Rahman (1990), president and CEO, Ms. Foundation for Women (2/2011)^[436]^[437]^[438]
Paul Rapoport (1965), co-founder of the New York City Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Community Services Center and the Gay Men's Health Crisis
Michael Ratner (1969), human rights activist on national and international level, current president of the Center for Constitutional Rights (co-founded by William Kunstler in 1969), the National Law Journal named him as one of the 100 most influential lawyers in the United States (2006)
Isaac Rice, U.S. chess patron
Paul Robeson (1923), civil and human rights activist, international social justice activist, writer, Spingarn Medal
Menachem Z. Rosensaft (1979), a leader of the Second Generation Movement of children of Jewish survivors
Brad R. Roth (LL.M. 1992), social and human rights activist, critic of torture policies in the administration of George W. Bush
Charles Ruthenberg (1909), founder of the Communist Party of America (1919)
Mikheil Saakashvili (LL.M. 1994), founder and leader of the United National Movement in Georgia (country), leader of the bloodless "Rose Revolution"
Theodore Shaw, civil rights leader, attorney, and educator; former 5th President and Director-Counsel, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund^[425]^[439]^[440]^[441]^[442]^[443]^[444]
Clive Stafford Smith, British lawyer; recipient Gandhi International Peace Award (2005) for representing Guantanamo detainees and campaigning against extraordinary rendition
Cenk Uygur, activist, creator of online progressive network and host of The Young Turks, founder of Wolf-PAC and Justice Democrats
Judith Vladeck (1947), civil rights advocate, particularly on behalf of women; helped set new legal precedents against sex discrimination and age discrimination
Charles Weltner (1950), advocate for racial equality, second individual to receive the John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award
Maya Wiley (born 1964), civil rights activist and lawyer, 2021 mayoral candidate for New York City

Athletics

Moe Berg

Mario Ančić (LL.M. 2013), former Croatian professional tennis player^[445]
Mark Attanasio (1982), investment banker and owner of the Milwaukee Brewers (since 2004, incumbent as of 2006^[update])^[446]
Lou Bender (1935), pioneer player with the Columbia Lions and in early pro basketball, who was later a successful trial attorney.^[447]
Moe Berg (1930), catcher for the Brooklyn Robins (1923), Chicago White Sox (1926–30), Cleveland Indians (1931, 1934), Washington Senators (1932–34) and Boston Red Sox (1935–39); able to speak 12 languages; spy for the OSS; according to Casey Stengel, "the strangest man ever to play Major League Baseball"^[448]
David Mark Berger (1970), winner of NCAA weightlifting title in the 148 pound-class, winner of the gold medal in the middleweight weight-lifting contest at the 1969 Maccabiah Games, winner of a silver medal at the 1971 Asian Games in weightlifting, and member of the 1972 Israeli Olympic team who was murdered during the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Munich Summer Olympics.^[449]
Roland W. Betts (1978), investor, film producer, lead owner in George W. Bush's Texas Rangers partnership (1989–98), and developer and owner of Chelsea Piers (since 1989, incumbent as of 2006^[update])^[450]
Nick Bravin (1998), Olympic fencer
Alan N. Cohen (1954), chairman and CEO of the Madison Square Garden Corporation (1974–77), principal owner of the New Jersey Nets, and principal owner of the Boston Celtics (1983–2004)
Caryn Davies (Class of 2013), American rower; gold medals, 2012 Summer Olympics and 2008 Summer Olympics; silver medal, 2004 Summer Olympics
Leo Fishel (1900), former pitcher in Major League Baseball
Stan Kasten (1976), President (2003–) of the MLB Washington Nationals; President (1986–2003) of the MLB Atlanta Braves; President (1986–2003) and General Manager (1979–90) of the NBA Atlanta Hawks; President (1999–2003) of the NHL Atlanta Thrashers
Walter O'Malley (transferred from), owned the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers team in Major League Baseball from 1950 to 1979
Paul Robeson (1923), All-American Athlete
David Stern (1966), NBA Commissioner (1984–2014)
Marc Stern (1969), part-owner of the Milwaukee Brewers^[451]
John Montgomery Ward (1883), played baseball for the Providence Greys (1878–82), New York Giants (1883–89, 1893–94), Brooklyn's Ward Wonders (1890) and Brooklyn Grooms (1890–91); president of the Boston Braves (1911–12); advocate for player's rights; member of the Baseball Hall of Fame (1964)
Mark Weldon (1997), member of the New Zealand men's swim team at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona; CEO, New Zealand Stock Exchange; in 2007, rated 25th on New Zealand Listener Power List of the 50 most powerful people in New Zealand

Notes

¹ Studied law at Columbia University prior to the founding of the Law School.

² Failed to complete the law degree.

³ Received the LL.D.

References

^ ^a ^b "Columbia Law School: Presidents Roosevelt Receive Posthumous J.D.s". Law.columbia.edu. October 9, 2008. Archived from the original on July 5, 2016. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ Edward S. Mihalkanin, Edward S. (2004). American Statesmen: Secretaries of State from John Jay to Colin Powell. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 141. ISBN 9780313308284.
^ "Tony Blinken". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ HENRY, JAMES S. (1911). OFFICIAL CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY FOR THE USE OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS. 1911. p. 259.
^ Catalogue of the Alpha Delta Phi Society. Executive Council of the Alpha Delta Phi Fraternity, 1899. 1899. p. 474.
^ "Eric Holder". 2014 Cable News Network. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. February 21, 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Charles Evans Hughes". 2014 Cornell University. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "John Jay". 2002 Columbia University. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Jeh Johnson". Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography: Being the History of the United States as Illustrated in the Lives of the Founders, Builders, and Defenders of the Republic, and of the Men and Women who are Doing the Work and Moulding the Thought of the Present Time. J. T. White Company, 1910. 1910. pp. 409–410. Franklin MacVeagh columbia law school.
^ Newman, Roger K. (2009). The Yale Biographical Dictionary of American Law. Yale University Press, 2009. p. 374. ISBN 978-0300113006. Joseph McKenna columbia law school.
^ Watson, Thurber, Woolley, Thomas, Magrath, Archibald Robinson, Raymond Dunham, George Ingalls, Hiram, Joseph Walker (1916). Bench and Bar, Volume 38. The Bench and Bar Co., 1916. p. 103.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ United States. Congress, Michael, W. H. (1907). Official Congressional Directory, Volume 60. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1909. p. 263.
^ "Russell E. Train". United States Environmental Protection Agency. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Frank Blake". 2003–2013 Homer TLC, Inc. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "J. Reuben Clark". Lewis and Clark Law School. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Eric Hargan". 2014 Greenberg Traurig, LLP. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Harold M. Ickes". Meyer, Suozzi, English and Klein P.C. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "George Lockhart Rives" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "John J. Sullivan". United States of America Department of Commerce. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Biographical Directory of Federal Judges Tyler, Harold R. Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "J. Mayhew Wainwright". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Lawrence Edward Walsh". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "William Joseph Donovan". 2004 Columbia University. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ Jesse Eisinger (May 4, 2014), "Why Only One Top Banker Went to Jail for the Financial Crisis", The New York Times Magazine: "["Rodge"] Cohen told Breuеr that while the Justice Department can't have a rule not to indict a large bank, prosecutors should, well, take into account how the target has cooperated and what changes it has made to fix the problems. Of course, HSBC happened to have taken those very measures. The Justice Department blinked again. . . . No one went to jail."
^ Lewis, Neil A. (November 21, 2000). "Charles Ruff". The New York Times. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ "Donald B. Verrilli, Jr". The United States Department of Justice. Archived from the original on May 6, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Obama Announces Key Additions to the Office of the White House Counsel | The White House". whitehouse.gov. January 28, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.
^ ^a ^b "Columbia Law School: Professor Trevor Morrison '98 Appointed Associate Counsel to the President". Law.columbia.edu. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ ^a ^b "WH lawyer Dan Meltzer calls it quits". Politico.
^ Benjamin Powell, Findlaw.com. Retrieved July 3, 2012.
^ NOMINATION OF BENJAMIN A. POWELL TO BE GENERAL COUNSEL OF THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE, FAS.org, Congressional Hearings, 2005. Retrieved July 3, 2012.
^ "Stephen Friedman". Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Ulysses S. Grant, Jr". 1996–2013 WGBH Educational Foundation. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Mark Barnes". Sign In Register Bloomberg.com Businessweek.com. Archived from the original on May 1, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "John D. Clark". Nndb.com. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ "US Council of Economic Advisers". Nndb.com. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ Ledbetter, Les (November 7, 1981). "Jonathan W. Daniels". The New York Times. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Lynn Forester de Rothschild". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Ken Khachigian". 2014 Asbarez Armenian News. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "John Marshall Kernochan". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Jay Lefkowitz". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Kathleen McGinty". 2014 Environmental Law Institute. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Columbia Law School Magazine: Brett McGurk '99". Law.columbia.edu. November 9, 1961. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ "Brett McGurk hosts Ask the White House". whitehouse.gov. April 10, 2006. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.
^ "S. Jay Plager". United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Richard Stone". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved May 1, 2014.^{[dead link]}
^ Waggoner, Walter H. (November 4, 1983). "Nathan Feinsinger". The New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "William Dudley Foulke". Morrisson-Reeves Library, Richmond, Indiana U.S.A. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Harvey Goldschmid". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ The Saturday Evening Post, Volume 186, Issue 4. Saturday Evening Post Company, 1914 – Philadelphia (Pa.). 1914. p. 27.
^ "John D. Hawke, Jr". 2014 Arnold & Porter LLP. Archived from the original on April 30, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Edward Hidalgo". The New York Times. January 23, 1995. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "William Kovacic". The George Washington University Law School. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "List of Directors | U.S. Department of Labor".
^ Waas, Lomonaco, Murray, Jeff (2007). The United States V. I. Lewis Libby. Sterling Publishing Company, 2007. p. 44. ISBN 9781402752599.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Charles E. F. Millard". 2013 Broadway Partners Fund Manager, LLC. Archived from the original on May 1, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Annette Nazareth". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Mary Jo White". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Tracy Voorhees". New York City Department of Parks & Recreation. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Lloyd Wheaton Bowers". Georgetown University. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Charles Fried". 2014 The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Daniel M. Friedman". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Stanley Foreman Reed". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "Donald Verrilli Jr". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ "R. Kent Greenawalt". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Samuel Blatchford". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Benjamin Nathan Cardozo". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "William O. Douglas". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Ruth Bader Ginsburg". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Charles Evans Hughes". Supreme Court Historical Society. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "John Jay". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Stanley Forman Reed". Supreme Court Historical Society. Archived from the original on May 21, 2014. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Harlan Fiske Stone". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Bianco, Joseph Frank". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved August 10, 2019.
^ "Hugh H. Bownes". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "LeBaron Bradford Colt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Duncan, Stuart Kyle". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved August 11, 2019.
^ "James Alger Fee". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Wilfred Feinberg". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Daniel M. Friedman". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "John Patrick Hartigan". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Paul Raymond Hays". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Emile Henry Lacombe". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Gerard E. Lynch". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "J. Daniel Mahoney". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Martin Manton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Julius Marshuetz Mayer". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Harold Medina". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Jack Miller". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Leonard P. Moore". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Harold Leventhal". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "S. Jay Plager". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Giles Sutherland Rich". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Robert D. Sack". The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on June 15, 2010. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "James Marshall Sprouse". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Richard Wilde Walker, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Jerre Stockton Williams". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Peter Woodbury". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Beaton, Benjamin Joel". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
^ "Charles L. Brieant". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Frederick van Pelt Bryan". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Naomi Reice Buchwald". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Robert L. Carter". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Denise Cote". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Archie Owen Dawson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Marvin E. Frankel". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Lee Parsons Gagliardi". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Paul G. Gardephe". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Gerard Louis Goettel". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Alvin Hellerstein". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "William Bernard Herlands". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "George Chandler Holt". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Richard J. Holwell". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Kenneth M. Karas". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Peter K. Leisure". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Mary Johnson Lowe". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "John S. Martin, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Charles Miller Metzner". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Edmund Louis Palmieri". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Robert P. Patterson, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Milton Pollack". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Simon H. Rifkind". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ President Obama Nominates Seven to the United States District Courts, The White House. Office of the Press Secretary. Posted November 14, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
^ "Harold R. Tyler, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Lawrence Edward Walsh". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "John M. Woolsey". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Mortimer W. Byers". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Thomas Chatfield". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Nicholas Garaufis". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Dora L. Irizarry". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Charles Proctor Sifton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Jack B. Weinstein". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Joseph Carmine Zavatt". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "U. W. Clemon". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Lawrence K. Karlton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Richard G. Seeborg". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "John Foster Symes". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Alexander Holtzoff". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "Richard W. Roberts". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
^ "The White House, Press Release: "President Obama Names Fives to United States District Court", July 14, 2010". whitehouse.gov. July 14, 2010. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.
^ "Alexander Harvey II". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Nathaniel M. Gorton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Denise Page Hood". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Joseph Cross". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Dickinson Richards Debevoise". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Walter Herbert Rice". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Anita B. Brody". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Ira Lloyd Letts". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Harry Bennett Anderson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Lynn S. Adelman". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "James Edward Doyle". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
^ "Big case nothing new for bankruptcy judge | Detroit Free Press". freep.com. June 2, 2009. Archived from the original on June 8, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ "Reif, Timothy Mark". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved August 10, 2019.
^ "S. L. Trussell Dies; Tax Body Member", Evening Star (October 23, 1931), p. 17.
^ "Alva B. Adams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Johnson N. Camden, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Clifford P. Case". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "LeBaron B. Colt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Slade Gorton". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Frederick Hale". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Lister Hill". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ ^a ^b John Kean, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 29, 2007.
^ "Richard C. Hunter". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Luke Lea". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Thomas E. Martin". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Jack Miller". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Dwight Morrow". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Wayne Morse". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Frank C. Partridge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "John Patton, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Howard Alexander Smith". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Richard Stone". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Arthur Vivian Watkins". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "George P. Wetmore". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Harrison A. Williams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Bella Abzug". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "John J. Adams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Homer D. Angell". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Martin C. Ansorge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Edward Basset". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Perry Belmont". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Loring Black". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Robert William Bonynge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Frank T. Bow". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Lloyd Bryce". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "John F. Carew". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Emanuel Celler". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Alexander Gilmore Cochran". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Frederic René Coudert, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Robert Crosser". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Colgate Darden". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "P. Henry Dugro". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Charles T. Dunwell". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Sidney A. Fine". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Hamilton Fish II". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Ashbel P. Fitch". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Frank T. Fitzgerald". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "Wallace T. Foote, Jr". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ "George E. Foss". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
^ Samuel Fowler, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 4, 2007.
^ "Jaime Fuster". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Ralph A. Gamble". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Fred Benjamin Gernerd". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "James R. Grover, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Ralph W. Gwinn". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Thomas Hedge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Lewis Henry". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Lister Hill". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Theodore Gaillard Hunt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Theodore R. Kupferman". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "George P. Lawrence". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "John J. Lentz". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Montague Lessler". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Marcus C. Lisle". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Washington J. McCormick". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "John McKeon". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
^ "Roy H. McVicker". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Thomas E. Martin". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Mitchell May". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Schuyler Merritt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Brad Miller". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "J. Van Vechten Olcott". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "William Claiborne Owens". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Richard W. Parker". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Thomas G. Patten". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "William Walter Phelps". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Philip J. Philbin". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Otis G. Pike". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Edward Everett Robbins". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "William Fitts Ryan". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "James Scheuer". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Townsend Scudder". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "John F. Seiberling". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Eugene Siler". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Percy Hamilton Stewart". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Jessie Sumner". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Edward Swann". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "James W. Symington". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Charles Phelps Taft". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Benjamin I. Taylor". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "John A. Thayer". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "J. Mayhew Wainwright". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "William C. Wallace". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Charles Weltner". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Harrison A. Williams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Francis H. Wilson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Herbert Zelenko". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
^ "Herbert Putnam (1861-1955)". Library of Congress.
^ "Anthony Gardner". Archived from the original on March 24, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
^ "Perry Belmont". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
^ "Lloyd Bryce". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
^ "Charles Chaille-Long". The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
^ "Reuben Clark". law.lclark.edu. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
^ "William Joseph Donovan". 2004 Columbia University. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
^ Officers and graduates of Columbia university: originally the college of the province of New York known as King's college. Columbia University The University. 1900. p. 600. abram isaac elkus columbia university.
^ President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts Archived February 19, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Newsroomamerica.com. By Newsroom America Feeds, February 17, 2012. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
^ Ambassador to Swaziland Who is Makila James, allgov.com, by Matt Bewig. March 24, 2012. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
^ "John Jay". 2002 Columbia University. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ "Jay Lefkowitz". 014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts, whitehouse.gov. Office of the Press Secretary. March 26, 2012. Retrieved March 27, 2012.
^ ^a ^b [1] Archived June 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
^ Jews in American Politics. Rowman & Littlefield, Jan 1, 2001. 2001. p. 389. ISBN 9780742501812.
^ Wynn, Neil A. (December 16, 2013). Historical Dictionary from the Great War to the Great Depression. Scarecrow Press, Dec 16, 2013. p. 236. ISBN 9780810880344.
^ "Covey T. Oliver". 1996–2014 The Washington Post. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ Columbia University Quarterly, Volume 1. Columbia University. 1899. p. 233.
^ William Walter Phelps: His Life and Public Services. Knickerbocker Press, 1904. 1904. p. 23. William Walter Phelps columbia law school alumni.
^ U S Senate Confirms Dominican Woman As Ambassador^[usurped], Danr.org. March 30, 2012. Retrieved April 2, 2012.
^ "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts". whitehouse.gov. October 17, 2011 – via National Archives.
^ The Book Buyer, Volume 21. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901. 1901. p. 90.
^ "David S. Smith". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ Lukes, Igor (October 1, 2011). On the Edge of the Cold War: American Diplomats and Spies in Postwar Prague. Oxford University Press, Apr 10, 2012. p. 13. ISBN 9780199721740.
^ "Oscar S. Straus". 2014 BARNARD COLLEGE | COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ "Tracy Voorhees". The City of New York. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ Foreign Service Journal, Volume 65. American Foreign Service Association, 1988. 1988. p. 53.
^ "Lawrence Edward Walsh". 1996–2014 The Washington Post. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ "Paul Warnke". 2008 American Council of Learned Societies. Published by Oxford University Press. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ "H. Walter Webb". 2014 Geni.com. May 6, 1852. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ "Nugroho Wisnumurti". ABNR 2008 – 2014. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ David Childs, "Benjamin Kaplan: Judge who played a crucial role in preparations for the Nuremberg trials", The Independent, September 10, 2010.
^ Bruce Weber, "Benjamin Kaplan, Crucial Figure in Nazi Trials, Dies at 99" (Obituary), The New York Times, 2010/08/24.
^ "Philip Kearny". Columbia University. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ "Charles C. Nast, 77, Dies; Ex-Chief of 42d Infantry". The New York Times. New York, NY. January 11, 1981. p. Section 1, Page 34 – via TimesMachine.
^ "John Watts de Peyster". New Netherland Institute. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ "CPT LaRue Robinson Promotion Ceremony". The United States Army Judge Advocate General's (JAG) Corps. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
^ "Member Profile". Truman National Security Project. Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
^ Bobbitt, Philip (April 4, 2013). Terror and Consent. Penguin UK. ISBN 9780141916828. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
^ Officers and graduates of Columbia university: originally the college of the province of New York known as King's college: general catalogue, 1754–1900. Columbia University. 1900. p. 405. Richard Whitehead Young. columbia university.
^ Zapotosky, Matt (July 5, 2017). "As Mueller builds his Russia special-counsel team, every hire is under scrutiny". The Washington Post.
^ Finnegan, William (May 15, 2017). "Taking Down Terrorists in Court". The New Yorker.
^ "Press Release: David M. Becker Named SEC General Counsel and Senior Policy Director; 2009–20; February 6, 2009". Sec.gov. February 6, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ "Richard Ben-Veniste". 2014 The Mayer Brown Practices. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Moe Berg". 2000–2014 Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "President Obama Nominates Preet Bharara, Tristram Coffin, Jenny Durkan, Paul Fishman, John Paul Kacavas and Joyce Vance for US Attorney | The White House remove Johnson". whitehouse.gov. May 15, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.
^ "Preet Bharara". The New York Times. July 17, 2012.
^ The 2012 Time 100, Time Magazine. "Preet Bharara." By Viet Dinh. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
^ "Frank Blake". 2003–2013 Homer TLC, Inc. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ Shettleworth Jr., Earle G. (June 2, 2014). The Blaine House. Arcadia Publishing, Jun 2, 2014. p. 21. ISBN 9781439645468. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Lanny A. Breuer". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on April 30, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Edward Bruce". 2014 Archives of American Art | Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Columbia Law School: Two Columbia Law School Alums Take Leadership Roles at the SEC". Law.columbia.edu. June 4, 2009. Archived from the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
^ "Sheila C. Cheston". 2014 Northrop Grumman. Archived from the original on November 13, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ [2] Archived June 17, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Roy Cohn". 1999 The New York Times Company. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Mathias F. Correa" (PDF). Columbia University, New York City. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 5, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "William Joseph Donovan". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on March 24, 2010. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Jose W. Fernandez". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Slade Gorton". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Eric Holder". 2014 Cable News Network. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. February 21, 2013. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Bill Lann Lee". U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Russell Cornell Leffingwell". Yale University Library. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ ABA Journal. American Bar Association. June 1967. p. 540. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
^ "Irvin B. Nathan". Georgetown University Law Center. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ Columbia Law School: List of Columbia Law School Alumni, Columbia Law School, National State Attorneys General Program. General Books LLC, Aug 20, 2010. August 20, 2010. ISBN 9781156700273. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Barbara Ringer". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 2, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ Columbia University (1899). Columbia University Quarterly, Volume 1. 1899. p. 233. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Benito Romano". 2014 The City of New York. Archived from the original on January 21, 2016. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Charles Ruff". Office of the Attorney General the District of Columbia. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Richard G. Seeborg". 2011 United States District Court, Northern District of California. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Whitney North Seymour". 2010 New York Preservation Archive Project. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Andrew J. Shapiro". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Charles H. Tuttle". The New York State Library is a unit within the University of the State of New York – New York State Education Department. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Donald Verrilli". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "David Vladeck". Georgetown University Law Center. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Lawrence E. Walsh". 2014 American Bar Association. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Paul Warnke". 2008 American Council of Learned Societies. Published by Oxford University Press. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ "Mary Jo White". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ Watson, Thurber, Woolley, Thomas, Magrath, Archibald Robinson, Raymond Dunham, George Ingalls, Hiram, Joseph Walker (1910). Bench and Bar, Volumes 23–24; Volumes 1910–1911. The Bench and Bar Co., 1910. p. 40. Retrieved June 12, 2014.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Steve Bullock". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Doyle E. Carlton". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Colgate Darden". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Gray Davis". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Westmoreland Davis". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Thomas E. Dewey". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Horace F. Graham". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Charles Evans Hughes". Supreme Court Historical Society. Retrieved May 9, 2014.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ "John Jay". 2002 Columbia University. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "Ruby Laffoon". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "John W. King". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "George Pataki". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
^ "George P. Wetmore". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
^ "Horace White". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
^ Fowler, Glenn (October 27, 1989). "Dean Alfange, Liberal Leader, Is Dead at 91". The New York Times. Retrieved April 9, 2010.
^ ^a ^b Monks, Leander John (1916). Courts and lawyers of Indiana. Indianapolis: Federal Publishing Company.
^ "Home – Montana Department of Justice". Montana Department of Justice. Archived from the original on September 14, 2009.
^ "Steve Bullock '94: Montana's Attorney General Finds You Can Go Home Again". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 23, 2010. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
^ "Samuel P. Colt". library.brown.edu. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
^ "Notice to the Press" (PDF). Ford Library Museum. Retrieved April 25, 2014.
^ "Slade Gorton". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
^ "Theodore E. Hancock". Genealogy Trails 2014. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
^ "Peter C. Harvey". State of New Jersey. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
^ "Irv Nathan Nominated for D.C. Attorney General". The BLT: The Blog of Legal Times.
^ "Gray Faces 'Chaotic' Press Conference". Archived from the original on January 21, 2016.
^ "Morning Roundup: Cops and Teachers Edition". Archived from the original on January 21, 2016.
^ Abscam lawyer Nathan now takes on White House and defends lawmakers – TheHill.com
^ "Sheila Abdus-Salaam". The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 14, 2014. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ "William Shankland Andrews". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ "Charles D. Breitel". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ "Benjamin Cardozo". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ Chamberlain, Joshua L., ed. (1900). Universities and Their Sons. Vol. V. Boston, M.A.: R. Herndon Company. p. 339 – via Google Books.
^ "Frederick E. Crane" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ New York County Lawyers' Association Year Book, 1924. New York, N.Y. 1924. pp. 223–225 – via Google Books.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ "Justin Fairfax". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 22, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
^ "Edward R. Finch". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ "Ralph Adam Fine". wicourts.gov. Archived from the original on September 25, 2014. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ Landman, Isaac, ed. (1941). The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. New York, N.Y.: The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, Inc. p. 400 – via Internet Archive.
^ "Charles Fried". The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ "Stanley Fuld". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ Moore, William F. (1894). Representative Men of Connecticut, 1861-1894. Everett, Mass.: Massachusetts Publishing Company. p. 432.
^ "William B. Hornblower". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ "Roderick L. Ireland". mass.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
^ "Benjamin Kaplan". mass.gov. Archived from the original on May 14, 2014. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ "Edward Kent, Jr". maricopabar.org. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ Manual of the Legislature of New Jersey, 1988, p. 283. Accessed January 22, 2018. "Walter M.D. Kern Jr., Rep., Ridgewood Assemblyman Kern was born in Jersey City March 10, 1937. He was graduated from Ridgewood High School and Brown University, and received his law degree at Columbia Law School in 1962, the year he was admitted to the bar."
^ "Randall B. Kester". osbar.org. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ "John W. King". National Governors Association. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ McBride, Alexander, ed. (1890). The Evening Journal Almanac, 1890. Albany, N.Y.: Weed, Parsons & Co. p. 165 – via Internet Archive.
^ Landman, Isaac, ed. (1942). The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York, N.Y.: The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, Inc. p. 551 – via Google Books.
^ "Irving Lehman". .nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ "George Z. Medalie". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ "Flemming L. Norcott, Jr". 2013, State of Connecticut Judicial Branch. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ "James E.C. Perry". floridasupremecourt.org. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ Jenny Rivera, Press Release, New York Governor. February 11, 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
^ Jenny Rivera Nominate Archived March 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Columbia Law School, Media Inquiries. January 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
^ "Thomas G. Saylor". The Unified Judicial System of Pennsylvania. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ Thomson, Alexander McDonald (1902). A political history of Wisconsin. C.N. Casper company, 1902. p. 396.
^ Simons, John, ed. (1938). Who's Who in American Jewry, 1938-1939. Vol. 3. New York, N.Y.: National News Association, Inc. p. 1044 – via FamilySearch.
^ "Robert S. Smith". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
^ "Matthew Boxer". State of New Jersey. Archived from the original on October 25, 2008. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
^ Albert Burstein – Commissioner Archived October 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Election Law Enforcement Commission. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
^ "Judge puts hold on blocking of Ravitch as lieutenant governor". New York Daily News.
^ "Governor Paterson Announces Appellate Division Appointments and Court of Claims Nominations". media-newswire.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2022.
^ "Justices of the Court". www.courts.state.ny.us.
^ "Law School Alumna Priscilla Hall '73 Appointed Justice of Appellate Court". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved February 27, 2011.
^ [3] Archived January 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
^ Mazzei, Peter (1985). "James Dickson Carr: First Black Graduate of Rutgers College". The Journal of the Rutgers University Libraries. 47 (2): 91–100. doi:10.14713/jrul.v47i2.1651. ISSN 0036-0473.
^ "President Roh Moo-hyun, right, talks with Kim Hyun-chong". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on November 17, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
^ "United Nations Day, 24 October".
^ "Hyun-Chong Kim (EN)".
^ "Korea, U.S. Stage Tug of War at Bilateral Trade Talks". www.dynamic-korea.com. March 28, 2007. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012.
^ "Samsung Names Ex-UN Envoy as Legal Chief". March 20, 2009.
^ Oaminal, Clarence Paul (August 14, 2019). "Ronald R. Duterte, doctor of laws and Cebu City mayor". The Freeman. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
^ "Prof Muigai takes over as Kenya's AG". Capital News. August 29, 2011.
^ Standard, The. "Githu: I'll transform State Law office". Archived from the original on September 5, 2011. Retrieved September 11, 2011.
^ "Parliament to vet three nominees for top public offices". July 20, 2022.
^ "Kenya Broadcasting Corporation: – KBC News". Archived from the original on March 6, 2012.
^ "Kenya President Nominates Chief Justice, Prosecutor, Controller". Bloomberg.
^ "Kibaki appoints Justice Visram as CJ, Prof Muigai AG". The Standard | Online Edition.
^ "The Chambers Global Guide 2011". Mohammed Muigai Advocates &#124. Archived from the original on August 11, 2011.
^ "Columbia Law School: Lord Justice Lawrence A. Collins '65, LL.M. Appointed to U.K. Supreme Court". Archived from the original on January 9, 2013.
^ Aquino Appoints Government Peace Panel Chairman Leonen as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Archived September 28, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Embassy of the Philippines. Washington, D.C. November 21, 2012. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
^ "Chinese diplomat elected to International Court of Justice". news.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012.
^ "First Chinese female judge sworn in at ICJ". news.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012.
^ Albany Law School, News, Albany Law Announces Penelope Andrews as 17th President & Dean. April 5, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2012.
^ "President's Biography – Administration – Hofstra University, New York". www.hofstra.edu.
^ "LeMoyne-Owen, S.C. state presidents to step down. (noteworthy news).(Dr. George R. Johnson Jr. of LeMoyne-Owen College, Leroy Davis of South Carolina State University)(Brief A..."
^ "Columbia Law School Magazine". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 24, 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2010.
^ "Ronald Mason Named President of Southern University System". www.sus.edu.
^ March 17, 2010^{[dead link]}
^ "Texas Wesleyan University Appoints National". Archived from the original on December 5, 2010.
^ "The American Educational Review". American Educational Company. May 24, 2017 – via Google Books.
^ "McNeese State University". Archived from the original on May 27, 2010.
^ "Banzhaf, John F(rancis), 3d". Current Biography Yearbook. H. W. Wilson. 1973. pp. 30–33.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "History – NAACP LDF". naacpldf.org.
^ School, Harvard Law. "Harvard Law School".
^ Columbia Professor Is Chosen Dean of N.Y.U.'s Law School, By Peter Lattman. NYT. April 4, 2013. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
^ "Stanley S. Surrey, 74; Taxation Law Expert". New York Times. August 28, 1984.
^ Griswold, Erwin N. (December 1984). "A True Public Servant". Harvard Law Review. 98 (2): 329–331.
^ "The John W. Campbell Memorial Award" Archived December 29, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. The John Wayne and Elsie M. Gunn Center for the Study of Science Fiction. The University of Kansas. Updated July 11, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2012.
^ Squire, Jason E. (2005). The Movie Business Book (3rd ed.). Touchstone. p. 194. ISBN 0743219376.
^ Gray, Christopher (March 12, 1995). "Streetscapes/Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis's Grandfather; Quality Developer With a Legacy of Fine Buildings". The New York Times.
^ Gray, Christopher (March 12, 1995). "Streetscapes/Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis's Grandfather; Quality Developer With a Legacy of Fine Buildings" – via NYTimes.com.
^ "Notable names in local Black history". The Indianapolis Star. February 10, 2000. Archived from the original on January 4, 2012. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
^ "Lawyer Elected Head of A.C.L.U." The New York Times. July 1, 1969. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
^ Rahman, Anika. "Ms. Foundation for Women". ms.foundation.org. Archived from the original on June 8, 2012.
^ "Columbia Law School Magazine". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on February 7, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
^ "2009 – Seven Who Stretch the Possible". December 30, 2008.
^ "Columbia Law School: Full Time Faculty: Theodore M. Shaw". Law.columbia.edu. November 9, 1961. Archived from the original on July 28, 2010. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
^ "NAACP Legal Defense Fund's Shaw to deliver Cantor lecture". Archived from the original on August 15, 2011.
^ "Theodore M. Shaw". www.law.umich.edu.
^ "NAACP's Theodore Shaw to Discuss "The Continuing Struggle for Racial Justice"".
^ "President of NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund To Speak at Pitt Law School Graduation May 22 – University of Pittsburgh News". www.news.pitt.edu.
^ "NCCU – School of Law – Inside The School of Law". Archived from the original on July 20, 2011.
^ "Mario Ančić". 1994 – 2014 ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ "Mark Attanasio". 2014 Crescent Capital Group LP. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ Mallozzii, Vincent M. "Lou Bender, Columbia Star Who Helped Popularize Basketball in New York, Dies at 99", The New York Times, September 12, 2009. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
^ "Moe Berg". Pro-Baseball Reference.com. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ "David Mark Berger". Cleveland Jewish News. Beachwood, Ohio. 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ "Roland W. Betts". 2014 Yale-NUS College. Archived from the original on June 4, 2015. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ "Columbia Law School Magazine". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 8, 2009. Retrieved June 3, 2009.

[columbia1-1] "Columbia Law School: Presidents Roosevelt Receive Posthumous J.D.s". Law.columbia.edu. October 9, 2008. Archived from the original on July 5, 2016. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[2] Edward S. Mihalkanin, Edward S. (2004). American Statesmen: Secretaries of State from John Jay to Colin Powell. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 141. ISBN 9780313308284.

[Blinken-3] "Tony Blinken". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[4] HENRY, JAMES S. (1911). OFFICIAL CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY FOR THE USE OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS. 1911. p. 259.

[5] Catalogue of the Alpha Delta Phi Society. Executive Council of the Alpha Delta Phi Fraternity, 1899. 1899. p. 474.

[6] "Eric Holder". 2014 Cable News Network. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. February 21, 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[7] "Charles Evans Hughes". 2014 Cornell University. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[8] "John Jay". 2002 Columbia University. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[9] "Jeh Johnson". Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[10] The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography: Being the History of the United States as Illustrated in the Lives of the Founders, Builders, and Defenders of the Republic, and of the Men and Women who are Doing the Work and Moulding the Thought of the Present Time. J. T. White Company, 1910. 1910. pp. 409–410. Franklin MacVeagh columbia law school.

[11] Newman, Roger K. (2009). The Yale Biographical Dictionary of American Law. Yale University Press, 2009. p. 374. ISBN 978-0300113006. Joseph McKenna columbia law school.

[12] Watson, Thurber, Woolley, Thomas, Magrath, Archibald Robinson, Raymond Dunham, George Ingalls, Hiram, Joseph Walker (1916). Bench and Bar, Volume 38. The Bench and Bar Co., 1916. p. 103.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[13] United States. Congress, Michael, W. H. (1907). Official Congressional Directory, Volume 60. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1909. p. 263.

[14] "Russell E. Train". United States Environmental Protection Agency. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[15] "Frank Blake". 2003–2013 Homer TLC, Inc. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[16] "J. Reuben Clark". Lewis and Clark Law School. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[17] "Eric Hargan". 2014 Greenberg Traurig, LLP. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[18] "Harold M. Ickes". Meyer, Suozzi, English and Klein P.C. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[19] "George Lockhart Rives" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[20] "John J. Sullivan". United States of America Department of Commerce. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[21] "Biographical Directory of Federal Judges Tyler, Harold R. Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[22] "J. Mayhew Wainwright". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[23] "Lawrence Edward Walsh". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[24] "William Joseph Donovan". 2004 Columbia University. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[25] Jesse Eisinger (May 4, 2014), "Why Only One Top Banker Went to Jail for the Financial Crisis", The New York Times Magazine: "["Rodge"] Cohen told Breuеr that while the Justice Department can't have a rule not to indict a large bank, prosecutors should, well, take into account how the target has cooperated and what changes it has made to fix the problems. Of course, HSBC happened to have taken those very measures. The Justice Department blinked again. . . . No one went to jail."

[26] Lewis, Neil A. (November 21, 2000). "Charles Ruff". The New York Times. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[27] "Donald B. Verrilli, Jr". The United States Department of Justice. Archived from the original on May 6, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.

[Whitehouse.gov-28] "Obama Announces Key Additions to the Office of the White House Counsel | The White House". whitehouse.gov. January 28, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.

[http-29] "Columbia Law School: Professor Trevor Morrison '98 Appointed Associate Counsel to the President". Law.columbia.edu. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[politico.com-30] "WH lawyer Dan Meltzer calls it quits". Politico.

[31] Benjamin Powell, Findlaw.com. Retrieved July 3, 2012.

[32] NOMINATION OF BENJAMIN A. POWELL TO BE GENERAL COUNSEL OF THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE, FAS.org, Congressional Hearings, 2005. Retrieved July 3, 2012.

[33] "Stephen Friedman". Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[34] "Ulysses S. Grant, Jr". 1996–2013 WGBH Educational Foundation. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[35] "Mark Barnes". Sign In Register Bloomberg.com Businessweek.com. Archived from the original on May 1, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[36] "John D. Clark". Nndb.com. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[37] "US Council of Economic Advisers". Nndb.com. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[38] Ledbetter, Les (November 7, 1981). "Jonathan W. Daniels". The New York Times. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[39] "Lynn Forester de Rothschild". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[40] "Ken Khachigian". 2014 Asbarez Armenian News. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[41] "John Marshall Kernochan". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[42] "Jay Lefkowitz". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[43] "Kathleen McGinty". 2014 Environmental Law Institute. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[44] "Columbia Law School Magazine: Brett McGurk '99". Law.columbia.edu. November 9, 1961. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[45] "Brett McGurk hosts Ask the White House". whitehouse.gov. April 10, 2006. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.

[46] "S. Jay Plager". United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[47] "Richard Stone". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved May 1, 2014.^{[dead link]}

[48] Waggoner, Walter H. (November 4, 1983). "Nathan Feinsinger". The New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[49] "William Dudley Foulke". Morrisson-Reeves Library, Richmond, Indiana U.S.A. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[50] "Harvey Goldschmid". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[51] The Saturday Evening Post, Volume 186, Issue 4. Saturday Evening Post Company, 1914 – Philadelphia (Pa.). 1914. p. 27.

[52] "John D. Hawke, Jr". 2014 Arnold & Porter LLP. Archived from the original on April 30, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[53] "Edward Hidalgo". The New York Times. January 23, 1995. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[54] "William Kovacic". The George Washington University Law School. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[55] "List of Directors | U.S. Department of Labor".

[56] Waas, Lomonaco, Murray, Jeff (2007). The United States V. I. Lewis Libby. Sterling Publishing Company, 2007. p. 44. ISBN 9781402752599.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[57] "Charles E. F. Millard". 2013 Broadway Partners Fund Manager, LLC. Archived from the original on May 1, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[58] "Annette Nazareth". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[59] "Mary Jo White". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[60] "Tracy Voorhees". New York City Department of Parks & Recreation. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

[61] "Lloyd Wheaton Bowers". Georgetown University. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[62] "Charles Fried". 2014 The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[63] "Daniel M. Friedman". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[64] "Stanley Foreman Reed". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[65] "Donald Verrilli Jr". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[66] "R. Kent Greenawalt". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

[Samuel_Blatchford-67] "Samuel Blatchford". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[68] "Benjamin Nathan Cardozo". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[69] "William O. Douglas". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[70] "Ruth Bader Ginsburg". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[71] "Charles Evans Hughes". Supreme Court Historical Society. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[72] "John Jay". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[73] "Stanley Forman Reed". Supreme Court Historical Society. Archived from the original on May 21, 2014. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[74] "Harlan Fiske Stone". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[75] "Bianco, Joseph Frank". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved August 10, 2019.

[76] "Hugh H. Bownes". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[77] "LeBaron Bradford Colt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[78] "Duncan, Stuart Kyle". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved August 11, 2019.

[79] "James Alger Fee". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[80] "Wilfred Feinberg". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[81] "Daniel M. Friedman". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[82] "John Patrick Hartigan". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[83] "Paul Raymond Hays". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[84] "Emile Henry Lacombe". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[85] "Gerard E. Lynch". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[86] "J. Daniel Mahoney". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[87] "Martin Manton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[88] "Julius Marshuetz Mayer". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[89] "Harold Medina". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[90] "Jack Miller". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[91] "Leonard P. Moore". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[92] "Harold Leventhal". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[93] "S. Jay Plager". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[94] "Giles Sutherland Rich". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[95] "Robert D. Sack". The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on June 15, 2010. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[96] "James Marshall Sprouse". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[97] "Richard Wilde Walker, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[98] "Jerre Stockton Williams". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[99] "Peter Woodbury". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[100] "Beaton, Benjamin Joel". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved February 13, 2024.

[101] "Charles L. Brieant". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[102] "Frederick van Pelt Bryan". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[103] "Naomi Reice Buchwald". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[104] "Robert L. Carter". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[105] "Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[106] "Denise Cote". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[107] "Archie Owen Dawson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[108] "Marvin E. Frankel". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[109] "Lee Parsons Gagliardi". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[110] "Paul G. Gardephe". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[111] "Gerard Louis Goettel". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[112] "Alvin Hellerstein". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[113] "William Bernard Herlands". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[114] "George Chandler Holt". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[115] "Richard J. Holwell". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[116] "Kenneth M. Karas". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[117] "Peter K. Leisure". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[118] "Mary Johnson Lowe". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[119] "John S. Martin, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[120] "Charles Miller Metzner". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[121] "Edmund Louis Palmieri". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[122] "Robert P. Patterson, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[123] "Milton Pollack". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[124] "Simon H. Rifkind". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[125] President Obama Nominates Seven to the United States District Courts, The White House. Office of the Press Secretary. Posted November 14, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2012.

[126] "Harold R. Tyler, Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[127] "Lawrence Edward Walsh". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[128] "John M. Woolsey". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[129] "Mortimer W. Byers". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[130] "Thomas Chatfield". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[131] "Nicholas Garaufis". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[132] "Dora L. Irizarry". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[133] "Charles Proctor Sifton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[134] "Jack B. Weinstein". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[135] "Joseph Carmine Zavatt". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[136] "U. W. Clemon". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[137] "Lawrence K. Karlton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[138] "Richard G. Seeborg". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[139] "John Foster Symes". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[140] "Alexander Holtzoff". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[141] "Richard W. Roberts". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 7, 2014.

[wh-142] "The White House, Press Release: "President Obama Names Fives to United States District Court", July 14, 2010". whitehouse.gov. July 14, 2010. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.

[143] "Alexander Harvey II". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[144] "Nathaniel M. Gorton". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[145] "Denise Page Hood". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[146] "Joseph Cross". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[147] "Dickinson Richards Debevoise". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[148] "Walter Herbert Rice". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[149] "Anita B. Brody". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[150] "Ira Lloyd Letts". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[151] "Harry Bennett Anderson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[152] "Lynn S. Adelman". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[153] "James Edward Doyle". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 8, 2014.

[154] "Big case nothing new for bankruptcy judge | Detroit Free Press". freep.com. June 2, 2009. Archived from the original on June 8, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[155] "Reif, Timothy Mark". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved August 10, 2019.

[156] "S. L. Trussell Dies; Tax Body Member", Evening Star (October 23, 1931), p. 17.

[157] "Alva B. Adams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[158] "Johnson N. Camden, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[Clifford_P._Case-159] "Clifford P. Case". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[160] "LeBaron B. Colt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[161] "Slade Gorton". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[162] "Frederick Hale". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[163] "Lister Hill". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[congress1-164] John Kean, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 29, 2007.

[165] "Richard C. Hunter". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[166] "Luke Lea". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[167] "Thomas E. Martin". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[168] "Jack Miller". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[169] "Dwight Morrow". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[170] "Wayne Morse". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[171] "Frank C. Partridge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[172] "John Patton, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[173] "Howard Alexander Smith". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[174] "Richard Stone". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[175] "Arthur Vivian Watkins". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[176] "George P. Wetmore". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[177] "Harrison A. Williams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[178] "Bella Abzug". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[179] "John J. Adams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[180] "Homer D. Angell". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[181] "Martin C. Ansorge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[182] "Edward Basset". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[183] "Perry Belmont". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[184] "Loring Black". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[185] "Robert William Bonynge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[186] "Frank T. Bow". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[187] "Lloyd Bryce". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[188] "John F. Carew". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[189] "Emanuel Celler". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[190] "Alexander Gilmore Cochran". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[191] "Frederic René Coudert, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[192] "Robert Crosser". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[193] "Colgate Darden". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[194] "P. Henry Dugro". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[195] "Charles T. Dunwell". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[196] "Sidney A. Fine". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[197] "Hamilton Fish II". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[198] "Ashbel P. Fitch". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[199] "Frank T. Fitzgerald". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[200] "Wallace T. Foote, Jr". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[201] "George E. Foss". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

[202] Samuel Fowler, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 4, 2007.

[203] "Jaime Fuster". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[204] "Ralph A. Gamble". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[205] "Fred Benjamin Gernerd". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[206] "James R. Grover, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[207] "Ralph W. Gwinn". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[208] "Thomas Hedge". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[209] "Lewis Henry". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[210] "Lister Hill". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[211] "Theodore Gaillard Hunt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[212] "Theodore R. Kupferman". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[213] "George P. Lawrence". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[214] "John J. Lentz". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[215] "Montague Lessler". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[216] "Marcus C. Lisle". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[217] "Washington J. McCormick". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[218] "John McKeon". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 3, 2014.

[219] "Roy H. McVicker". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[220] "Thomas E. Martin". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[221] "Mitchell May". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[222] "Schuyler Merritt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[223] "Brad Miller". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[224] "J. Van Vechten Olcott". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[225] "William Claiborne Owens". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[226] "Richard W. Parker". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[227] "Thomas G. Patten". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[228] "William Walter Phelps". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[229] "Philip J. Philbin". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[230] "Otis G. Pike". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[231] "Edward Everett Robbins". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[232] "William Fitts Ryan". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[233] "James Scheuer". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[234] "Townsend Scudder". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[235] "John F. Seiberling". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[236] "Eugene Siler". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[237] "Percy Hamilton Stewart". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[238] "Jessie Sumner". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[239] "Edward Swann". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[240] "James W. Symington". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[241] "Charles Phelps Taft". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[242] "Benjamin I. Taylor". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[243] "John A. Thayer". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[244] "J. Mayhew Wainwright". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[245] "William C. Wallace". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[246] "Charles Weltner". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[247] "Harrison A. Williams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[248] "Francis H. Wilson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[249] "Herbert Zelenko". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 6, 2014.

[250] "Herbert Putnam (1861-1955)". Library of Congress.

[251] "Anthony Gardner". Archived from the original on March 24, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2014.

[252] "Perry Belmont". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 10, 2014.

[253] "Lloyd Bryce". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 10, 2014.

[254] "Charles Chaille-Long". The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved May 10, 2014.

[255] "Reuben Clark". law.lclark.edu. Retrieved May 10, 2014.

[256] "William Joseph Donovan". 2004 Columbia University. Retrieved May 10, 2014.

[257] Officers and graduates of Columbia university: originally the college of the province of New York known as King's college. Columbia University The University. 1900. p. 600. abram isaac elkus columbia university.

[258] President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts Archived February 19, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Newsroomamerica.com. By Newsroom America Feeds, February 17, 2012. Retrieved February 18, 2012.

[259] Ambassador to Swaziland Who is Makila James, allgov.com, by Matt Bewig. March 24, 2012. Retrieved March 24, 2012.

[260] "John Jay". 2002 Columbia University. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[261] "Jay Lefkowitz". 014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[262] President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts, whitehouse.gov. Office of the Press Secretary. March 26, 2012. Retrieved March 27, 2012.

[buenosairesherald.com-263] [1] Archived June 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

[264] Jews in American Politics. Rowman & Littlefield, Jan 1, 2001. 2001. p. 389. ISBN 9780742501812.

[265] Wynn, Neil A. (December 16, 2013). Historical Dictionary from the Great War to the Great Depression. Scarecrow Press, Dec 16, 2013. p. 236. ISBN 9780810880344.

[266] "Covey T. Oliver". 1996–2014 The Washington Post. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[267] Columbia University Quarterly, Volume 1. Columbia University. 1899. p. 233.

[268] William Walter Phelps: His Life and Public Services. Knickerbocker Press, 1904. 1904. p. 23. William Walter Phelps columbia law school alumni.

[269] U S Senate Confirms Dominican Woman As Ambassador^[usurped], Danr.org. March 30, 2012. Retrieved April 2, 2012.

[270] "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts". whitehouse.gov. October 17, 2011 – via National Archives.

[271] The Book Buyer, Volume 21. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901. 1901. p. 90.

[272] "David S. Smith". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[273] Lukes, Igor (October 1, 2011). On the Edge of the Cold War: American Diplomats and Spies in Postwar Prague. Oxford University Press, Apr 10, 2012. p. 13. ISBN 9780199721740.

[274] "Oscar S. Straus". 2014 BARNARD COLLEGE | COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[275] "Tracy Voorhees". The City of New York. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[276] Foreign Service Journal, Volume 65. American Foreign Service Association, 1988. 1988. p. 53.

[277] "Lawrence Edward Walsh". 1996–2014 The Washington Post. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[278] "Paul Warnke". 2008 American Council of Learned Societies. Published by Oxford University Press. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[279] "H. Walter Webb". 2014 Geni.com. May 6, 1852. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[280] "Nugroho Wisnumurti". ABNR 2008 – 2014. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[childs-281] David Childs, "Benjamin Kaplan: Judge who played a crucial role in preparations for the Nuremberg trials", The Independent, September 10, 2010.

[NYT-obit-282] Bruce Weber, "Benjamin Kaplan, Crucial Figure in Nazi Trials, Dies at 99" (Obituary), The New York Times, 2010/08/24.

[283] "Philip Kearny". Columbia University. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[Chief-284] "Charles C. Nast, 77, Dies; Ex-Chief of 42d Infantry". The New York Times. New York, NY. January 11, 1981. p. Section 1, Page 34 – via TimesMachine.

[285] "John Watts de Peyster". New Netherland Institute. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

[286] "CPT LaRue Robinson Promotion Ceremony". The United States Army Judge Advocate General's (JAG) Corps. Retrieved March 6, 2019.

[287] "Member Profile". Truman National Security Project. Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2019.

[288] Bobbitt, Philip (April 4, 2013). Terror and Consent. Penguin UK. ISBN 9780141916828. Retrieved March 6, 2019.

[289] Officers and graduates of Columbia university: originally the college of the province of New York known as King's college: general catalogue, 1754–1900. Columbia University. 1900. p. 405. Richard Whitehead Young. columbia university.

[290] Zapotosky, Matt (July 5, 2017). "As Mueller builds his Russia special-counsel team, every hire is under scrutiny". The Washington Post.

[291] Finnegan, William (May 15, 2017). "Taking Down Terrorists in Court". The New Yorker.

[292] "Press Release: David M. Becker Named SEC General Counsel and Senior Policy Director; 2009–20; February 6, 2009". Sec.gov. February 6, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[293] "Richard Ben-Veniste". 2014 The Mayer Brown Practices. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[294] "Moe Berg". 2000–2014 Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[whitehouse1-295] "President Obama Nominates Preet Bharara, Tristram Coffin, Jenny Durkan, Paul Fishman, John Paul Kacavas and Joyce Vance for US Attorney | The White House remove Johnson". whitehouse.gov. May 15, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2011 – via National Archives.

[296] "Preet Bharara". The New York Times. July 17, 2012.

[297] The 2012 Time 100, Time Magazine. "Preet Bharara." By Viet Dinh. Retrieved April 23, 2012.

[298] "Frank Blake". 2003–2013 Homer TLC, Inc. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[299] Shettleworth Jr., Earle G. (June 2, 2014). The Blaine House. Arcadia Publishing, Jun 2, 2014. p. 21. ISBN 9781439645468. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[300] "Lanny A. Breuer". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on April 30, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[301] "Edward Bruce". 2014 Archives of American Art | Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[302] "Columbia Law School: Two Columbia Law School Alums Take Leadership Roles at the SEC". Law.columbia.edu. June 4, 2009. Archived from the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2011.

[303] "Sheila C. Cheston". 2014 Northrop Grumman. Archived from the original on November 13, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[304] [2] Archived June 17, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

[305] "Roy Cohn". 1999 The New York Times Company. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[306] "Mathias F. Correa" (PDF). Columbia University, New York City. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 5, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[307] "William Joseph Donovan". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on March 24, 2010. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[308] "Jose W. Fernandez". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[309] "Slade Gorton". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[310] "Eric Holder". 2014 Cable News Network. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. February 21, 2013. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[311] "Bill Lann Lee". U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[312] "Russell Cornell Leffingwell". Yale University Library. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[313] ABA Journal. American Bar Association. June 1967. p. 540. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

[314] "Irvin B. Nathan". Georgetown University Law Center. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[315] Columbia Law School: List of Columbia Law School Alumni, Columbia Law School, National State Attorneys General Program. General Books LLC, Aug 20, 2010. August 20, 2010. ISBN 9781156700273. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[316] "Barbara Ringer". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 2, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[317] Columbia University (1899). Columbia University Quarterly, Volume 1. 1899. p. 233. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[318] "Benito Romano". 2014 The City of New York. Archived from the original on January 21, 2016. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[319] "Charles Ruff". Office of the Attorney General the District of Columbia. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[320] "Richard G. Seeborg". 2011 United States District Court, Northern District of California. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[321] "Whitney North Seymour". 2010 New York Preservation Archive Project. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[322] "Andrew J. Shapiro". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[323] "Charles H. Tuttle". The New York State Library is a unit within the University of the State of New York – New York State Education Department. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[324] "Donald Verrilli". 2014, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 10, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[325] "David Vladeck". Georgetown University Law Center. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[326] "Lawrence E. Walsh". 2014 American Bar Association. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[327] "Paul Warnke". 2008 American Council of Learned Societies. Published by Oxford University Press. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[328] "Mary Jo White". 2014, Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.

[329] Watson, Thurber, Woolley, Thomas, Magrath, Archibald Robinson, Raymond Dunham, George Ingalls, Hiram, Joseph Walker (1910). Bench and Bar, Volumes 23–24; Volumes 1910–1911. The Bench and Bar Co., 1910. p. 40. Retrieved June 12, 2014.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[330] "Steve Bullock". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[331] "Doyle E. Carlton". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[332] "Colgate Darden". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[333] "Gray Davis". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[334] "Westmoreland Davis". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[335] "Thomas E. Dewey". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[336] "Horace F. Graham". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[337] "Charles Evans Hughes". Supreme Court Historical Society. Retrieved May 9, 2014.^{[permanent dead link]}

[338] "John Jay". 2002 Columbia University. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[339] "Ruby Laffoon". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[340] "John W. King". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[341] "George Pataki". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 9, 2014.

[342] "George P. Wetmore". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 10, 2014.

[343] "Horace White". 2011 National Governors Association. Retrieved May 10, 2014.

[344] Fowler, Glenn (October 27, 1989). "Dean Alfange, Liberal Leader, Is Dead at 91". The New York Times. Retrieved April 9, 2010.

[Courts_and_lawyers_of_Indiana-345] Monks, Leander John (1916). Courts and lawyers of Indiana. Indianapolis: Federal Publishing Company.

[346] "Home – Montana Department of Justice". Montana Department of Justice. Archived from the original on September 14, 2009.

[347] "Steve Bullock '94: Montana's Attorney General Finds You Can Go Home Again". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 23, 2010. Retrieved August 8, 2009.

[348] "Samuel P. Colt". library.brown.edu. Retrieved May 15, 2014.

[349] "Notice to the Press" (PDF). Ford Library Museum. Retrieved April 25, 2014.

[350] "Slade Gorton". United States Congress Biographical Directory. Retrieved May 15, 2014.

[351] "Theodore E. Hancock". Genealogy Trails 2014. Retrieved May 15, 2014.

[352] "Peter C. Harvey". State of New Jersey. Retrieved May 15, 2014.

[353] "Irv Nathan Nominated for D.C. Attorney General". The BLT: The Blog of Legal Times.

[354] "Gray Faces 'Chaotic' Press Conference". Archived from the original on January 21, 2016.

[355] "Morning Roundup: Cops and Teachers Edition". Archived from the original on January 21, 2016.

[356] Abscam lawyer Nathan now takes on White House and defends lawmakers – TheHill.com

[357] "Sheila Abdus-Salaam". The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on May 14, 2014. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[358] "William Shankland Andrews". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[359] "Charles D. Breitel". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[360] "Benjamin Cardozo". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[361] Chamberlain, Joshua L., ed. (1900). Universities and Their Sons. Vol. V. Boston, M.A.: R. Herndon Company. p. 339 – via Google Books.

[362] "Frederick E. Crane" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[:04-363] New York County Lawyers' Association Year Book, 1924. New York, N.Y. 1924. pp. 223–225 – via Google Books.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[364] "Justin Fairfax". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 22, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2018.

[365] "Edward R. Finch". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[366] "Ralph Adam Fine". wicourts.gov. Archived from the original on September 25, 2014. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[:03-367] Landman, Isaac, ed. (1941). The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. New York, N.Y.: The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, Inc. p. 400 – via Internet Archive.

[368] "Charles Fried". The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[369] "Stanley Fuld". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[370] Moore, William F. (1894). Representative Men of Connecticut, 1861-1894. Everett, Mass.: Massachusetts Publishing Company. p. 432.

[371] "William B. Hornblower". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[372] "Roderick L. Ireland". mass.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2014.

[373] "Benjamin Kaplan". mass.gov. Archived from the original on May 14, 2014. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[374] "Edward Kent, Jr". maricopabar.org. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[375] Manual of the Legislature of New Jersey, 1988, p. 283. Accessed January 22, 2018. "Walter M.D. Kern Jr., Rep., Ridgewood Assemblyman Kern was born in Jersey City March 10, 1937. He was graduated from Ridgewood High School and Brown University, and received his law degree at Columbia Law School in 1962, the year he was admitted to the bar."

[376] "Randall B. Kester". osbar.org. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[377] "John W. King". National Governors Association. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[:0-378] McBride, Alexander, ed. (1890). The Evening Journal Almanac, 1890. Albany, N.Y.: Weed, Parsons & Co. p. 165 – via Internet Archive.

[379] Landman, Isaac, ed. (1942). The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York, N.Y.: The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, Inc. p. 551 – via Google Books.

[380] "Irving Lehman". .nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[381] "George Z. Medalie". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[382] "Flemming L. Norcott, Jr". 2013, State of Connecticut Judicial Branch. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[383] "James E.C. Perry". floridasupremecourt.org. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[384] Jenny Rivera, Press Release, New York Governor. February 11, 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2013.

[385] Jenny Rivera Nominate Archived March 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Columbia Law School, Media Inquiries. January 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2013.

[386] "Thomas G. Saylor". The Unified Judicial System of Pennsylvania. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[387] Thomson, Alexander McDonald (1902). A political history of Wisconsin. C.N. Casper company, 1902. p. 396.

[:02-388] Simons, John, ed. (1938). Who's Who in American Jewry, 1938-1939. Vol. 3. New York, N.Y.: National News Association, Inc. p. 1044 – via FamilySearch.

[389] "Robert S. Smith". nycourts.gov. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[390] "Matthew Boxer". State of New Jersey. Archived from the original on October 25, 2008. Retrieved December 18, 2008.

[391] Albert Burstein – Commissioner Archived October 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Election Law Enforcement Commission. Retrieved June 16, 2010.

[392] "Judge puts hold on blocking of Ravitch as lieutenant governor". New York Daily News.

[393] "Governor Paterson Announces Appellate Division Appointments and Court of Claims Nominations". media-newswire.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2022.

[394] "Justices of the Court". www.courts.state.ny.us.

[395] "Law School Alumna Priscilla Hall '73 Appointed Justice of Appellate Court". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved February 27, 2011.

[396] [3] Archived January 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine

[:22-397] Mazzei, Peter (1985). "James Dickson Carr: First Black Graduate of Rutgers College". The Journal of the Rutgers University Libraries. 47 (2): 91–100. doi:10.14713/jrul.v47i2.1651. ISSN 0036-0473.

[398] "President Roh Moo-hyun, right, talks with Kim Hyun-chong". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on November 17, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2022.

[399] "United Nations Day, 24 October".

[400] "Hyun-Chong Kim (EN)".

[401] "Korea, U.S. Stage Tug of War at Bilateral Trade Talks". www.dynamic-korea.com. March 28, 2007. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012.

[402] "Samsung Names Ex-UN Envoy as Legal Chief". March 20, 2009.

[403] Oaminal, Clarence Paul (August 14, 2019). "Ronald R. Duterte, doctor of laws and Cebu City mayor". The Freeman. Retrieved November 23, 2020.

[404] "Prof Muigai takes over as Kenya's AG". Capital News. August 29, 2011.

[405] Standard, The. "Githu: I'll transform State Law office". Archived from the original on September 5, 2011. Retrieved September 11, 2011.

[406] "Parliament to vet three nominees for top public offices". July 20, 2022.

[407] "Kenya Broadcasting Corporation: – KBC News". Archived from the original on March 6, 2012.

[408] "Kenya President Nominates Chief Justice, Prosecutor, Controller". Bloomberg.

[409] "Kibaki appoints Justice Visram as CJ, Prof Muigai AG". The Standard | Online Edition.

[410] "The Chambers Global Guide 2011". Mohammed Muigai Advocates &#124. Archived from the original on August 11, 2011.

[411] "Columbia Law School: Lord Justice Lawrence A. Collins '65, LL.M. Appointed to U.K. Supreme Court". Archived from the original on January 9, 2013.

[412] Aquino Appoints Government Peace Panel Chairman Leonen as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Archived September 28, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Embassy of the Philippines. Washington, D.C. November 21, 2012. Retrieved November 21, 2012.

[413] "Chinese diplomat elected to International Court of Justice". news.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012.

[414] "First Chinese female judge sworn in at ICJ". news.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012.

[415] Albany Law School, News, Albany Law Announces Penelope Andrews as 17th President & Dean. April 5, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2012.

[416] "President's Biography – Administration – Hofstra University, New York". www.hofstra.edu.

[417] "LeMoyne-Owen, S.C. state presidents to step down. (noteworthy news).(Dr. George R. Johnson Jr. of LeMoyne-Owen College, Leroy Davis of South Carolina State University)(Brief A..."

[418] "Columbia Law School Magazine". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 24, 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2010.

[419] "Ronald Mason Named President of Southern University System". www.sus.edu.

[420] March 17, 2010^{[dead link]}

[421] "Texas Wesleyan University Appoints National". Archived from the original on December 5, 2010.

[422] "The American Educational Review". American Educational Company. May 24, 2017 – via Google Books.

[423] "McNeese State University". Archived from the original on May 27, 2010.

[424] "Banzhaf, John F(rancis), 3d". Current Biography Yearbook. H. W. Wilson. 1973. pp. 30–33.

[autogenerated2-425] "History – NAACP LDF". naacpldf.org.

[426] School, Harvard Law. "Harvard Law School".

[427] Columbia Professor Is Chosen Dean of N.Y.U.'s Law School, By Peter Lattman. NYT. April 4, 2013. Retrieved April 4, 2013.

[NYT_Obituary-428] "Stanley S. Surrey, 74; Taxation Law Expert". New York Times. August 28, 1984.

[HLR_Griswold-429] Griswold, Erwin N. (December 1984). "A True Public Servant". Harvard Law Review. 98 (2): 329–331.

[CampbellMemorial-430] "The John W. Campbell Memorial Award" Archived December 29, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. The John Wayne and Elsie M. Gunn Center for the Study of Science Fiction. The University of Kansas. Updated July 11, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2012.

[431] Squire, Jason E. (2005). The Movie Business Book (3rd ed.). Touchstone. p. 194. ISBN 0743219376.

[432] Gray, Christopher (March 12, 1995). "Streetscapes/Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis's Grandfather; Quality Developer With a Legacy of Fine Buildings". The New York Times.

[433] Gray, Christopher (March 12, 1995). "Streetscapes/Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis's Grandfather; Quality Developer With a Legacy of Fine Buildings" – via NYTimes.com.

[434] "Notable names in local Black history". The Indianapolis Star. February 10, 2000. Archived from the original on January 4, 2012. Retrieved June 11, 2012.

[435] "Lawyer Elected Head of A.C.L.U." The New York Times. July 1, 1969. Retrieved July 1, 2013.

[436] Rahman, Anika. "Ms. Foundation for Women". ms.foundation.org. Archived from the original on June 8, 2012.

[437] "Columbia Law School Magazine". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on February 7, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2010.

[438] "2009 – Seven Who Stretch the Possible". December 30, 2008.

[columbia1961-439] "Columbia Law School: Full Time Faculty: Theodore M. Shaw". Law.columbia.edu. November 9, 1961. Archived from the original on July 28, 2010. Retrieved February 20, 2011.

[umich1-440] "NAACP Legal Defense Fund's Shaw to deliver Cantor lecture". Archived from the original on August 15, 2011.

[umich2-441] "Theodore M. Shaw". www.law.umich.edu.

[williams1-442] "NAACP's Theodore Shaw to Discuss "The Continuing Struggle for Racial Justice"".

[autogenerated1-443] "President of NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund To Speak at Pitt Law School Graduation May 22 – University of Pittsburgh News". www.news.pitt.edu.

[autogenerated3-444] "NCCU – School of Law – Inside The School of Law". Archived from the original on July 20, 2011.

[445] "Mario Ančić". 1994 – 2014 ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[446] "Mark Attanasio". 2014 Crescent Capital Group LP. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[447] Mallozzii, Vincent M. "Lou Bender, Columbia Star Who Helped Popularize Basketball in New York, Dies at 99", The New York Times, September 12, 2009. Retrieved September 13, 2009.

[448] "Moe Berg". Pro-Baseball Reference.com. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[449] "David Mark Berger". Cleveland Jewish News. Beachwood, Ohio. 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[450] "Roland W. Betts". 2014 Yale-NUS College. Archived from the original on June 4, 2015. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[law.columbia.edu-451] "Columbia Law School Magazine". Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on June 8, 2009. Retrieved June 3, 2009.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

[95]

[96]

[97]

[98]

[99]

[100]