Wikipedia

List of Uyghurs

This is a list of notable members of the Uyghur ethnic group, primarily affiliated with the general region of Central and East Asia.

Famous kings and historical figures

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Uyghur Khaganate and Qocho Kingdom

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Kara-khanids

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  • Oghulchak Khan
  • Bazir Arslan Khan
  • Musa Baytash Khan
  • Ali Arslankhan
  • Ali Tegin
  • Böritigin
  • Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan
  • Bilge Kul Qadir Khan (840–893)
  • Musa Bughra Khan (955–958)
  • Suleyman Arslan Khan (958–970)
  • Ahmad Arslan Qara Khan (998–1017), the son of Ali Arslan
  • Mansur Arslan Khan (1017–1024), the son of Ali Arslan
  • Muhammad Toghan Khan (1024–1026), the son of Hasan b. Sulayman
  • Yusuf Qadir Khan (1026–1032), the son of Hasan b. Sulayman
  • Ebu Shuca Sulayman (1034–1042)
  • Böritigin (1040–1068)
  • Nasr Shams al-Mulk (1068–1080), married Aisha, the daughter of Alp Arslan
  • Khidr (1080–1081)
  • Ahmad (1081–1089)
  • Ya'qub Qadir Khan (1089–1095)
  • Mas'ud (1095–1097)
  • Sulayman Qadir Tamghach (1097)[clarification needed]
  • Mahmud Arslan Khan (1097–1099)
  • Jibrail Arslan Khan (1099–1102)
  • Muhammad Arslan Khan (1102–1129)
  • Nasr (1129)[clarification needed]
  • Ahmad Qadir Khan 1129–1130[clarification needed]
  • Hasan Jalal ad-Dunya 1130–1132[clarification needed]
  • Ibrahim Rukn ad-Dunya 1132
  • Mahmud 1132–1141[clarification needed]
  • Ibrahim Tabghach Khan 1141–1156
  • Ali Chaghri Khan 1156–1161
  • Mas'ud Tabghach Khan 1161–1171
  • Muhammad Tabghach Khan 1171–1178
  • Ibrahim Arslan Khan 1178–1204
  • Uthman Ulugh Sultan 1204–1212
  • Ebu Shuca Sulayman 1042–1056
  • Muhammad bin Yusuph 1056–10579
  • İbrahim bin Muhammad Khan 1057–1059
  • Mahmud 1059–1075
  • Umar (Kara-Khanid) 1075[clarification needed]
  • Ebu Ali el-Hasan 1075–1102
  • Ahmad Khan 1102–1128
  • İbrahim bin Ahmad 1128–1158
  • Muhammad bin İbrahim (1158–?)
  • Yusuph bin Muhammad (?–1205)
  • Ebul Feth Muhammad 1205–1211[clarification needed]

Moghulistan

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Yarkend Khanate

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  • Abdurashid Khan (1508–1560), the ruler of the Yarkent Khanate from 1533 until 1560
  • Abdul Karim Khan (1529–1591), the ruler of the Yarkent Khanate from 1560 until 1591
  • Muhammad Sultan (1538–1610), the 5th son of Abdurashid Khan and the ruler of the Yarkent Khanate from 1592 until 1609. In 1603, he was visited by Portuguese Jesuit Bento de Góis, who was searching land route from India to Ming China. He headed a trade mission on behalf of Mughal emperor Akbar and was granted a letter of safe passage.
  • Shudja ad Din Ahmad Khan (1570–1680), the son of Muhammad Sultan and the Khan of the Yarkent Khanate from 1609 until 1618
  • Kuraysh Sultan, the son of Yunus Khan and the ruler of the Yarkent Khanate for 9 days before his killing in 1618
  • Abd al-Latif (Afak) Khan (born c. 1605; died 1630), the ruler of the Yarkent Khanate from 1618 until 1630 and the second son of Shudja ad-Din Ahmad Khan
  • Sultan Ahmad Khan (Pulat Khan) (?–1615), the first son of Timur Sultan
  • Mahmud Sultan (Qilich Khan) (born c. 1614; died 1636), the second son of Timur Sultan and the founder of Ishakiyya branch of Nakshbandi Khojagan Sufi Order. He died in the age of 22 when he was poisoned by Khoja Yahiya.
  • Sultan Ahmad Khan (Pulat Khan) (born c. 1613; died 1640), the ruler of the Yarkent Khanate from 1636 until 1638. He restored the khanship with help of Kara Taghlik leader Khoja Yahiya. He resigned in 1638 on demands of Kashgar and Yarkand emirs in favor of Abdullah Khan.
  • Abdullah Khan (in Turfan 1634/5–1638/9) 1638–1669, the eldest son of Abduraim Khan, grandson of Abdurashid Khan. During his reign Baghistan in Ili River Valley of former Moghulistan ( with tomb of Tughluk Timur Khan, founder of Moghul Dynasty in 1347, in Almalik near Ghulja) was lost to Dzungar Khan Erdeni Batur (1634–1653) in 1651, who created Dzungar Khanate in 1634 under Choros nobility, after former Confederation of 4 Kalmyk tribes ( Khoit, Khoshut, Choros and Torghut ) collapsed in Dzungaria in 1628. Abdullah Khan was expelled by Kashgar and Yarkand Beks to India in 1669, where he was received by Moghul Emperor Aurangzeb, who arranged his Hajj to Mecca and provided all supplies, died on October 30, 1675, in India in the age of 67, buried in Agra.
  • Nur ad-Din Sultan ( in Aksu 1649–1667) 1667–1668 in Kashgar and Yengisar, the youngest son of Abdullah Khan, died in 1668 in the age of 31 due to heavy drinking, reigned one year with help of the Kara Yanchuks , mercenaries from Dzungars and Kyrgyz tribes, who were first recruited on service in Yarkand Khanate during last years of reigning of Abdullah Khan.
  • Ismail Khan (in Chalish 1666–1669, in Aksu 1669–1670) 1669, the 5th son of Abduraim Khan, grandson of Abdurashid Khan, disciple of Kara Taghlik leader Khoja Ubaidullah (Khoja Shadi), son of Khoja Yahiya, was declared a Khan in Aksu after Abdullah Khan fled to India.
  • YuIbars Khan ( In Kashgar 1638–1667, since age of 8) 1669–1670, the eldest son of Abdullah Khan, disciple of Ak Taghlik leader Khoja Mohammad Yusuf (son of Khoja Kalon who died in 1598 and was founder of Ishkiya branch of Nakshbandi Khojagan Sufi Order, followers of which were known as Aktaghliks) and his son Appak Khoja, during his reign positions of Ak Taghliks in Yarkand Khanate greatly increased, was killed in 1670 by Dzungar supporter Erka Bek, main controller of Dzungar Khan Sengge (1653–1671) in Yarkand, in the age of 40.
  • Abd al Latif Sultan 1670, son of Yulbars Khan, who was set up on khanship by Ak Taghliks, was killed in the same 1670 by Kara Taghliks with all other sons of Yulbars Khan.
  • Ismail Khan 1670–1678, restored on April 2, 1670, by Kara Taghliks, expelled Appak Khoja and his son Yahia Khoja from the country in 1670, in 1678 was captured by Dzungars in Yarkand ( they were invited into the country by Ak Taghlik leader Appak Khoja who used for this recommendation letter from 5th Dalai Lama with whom he met in exile), died in Ili River Valley ( Baghistan) in 1680 in the age of 56.
  • Abd ar-Rashid Khan II 1678–1682, the eldest son of Sultan Said Baba Khan, set up on khanship by Dzungar Galdan (1671–1697), who came to Yarkand with Appak Khoja and was rewarded by him with 4,000 pcs of fine clothes and 100,000 silver coins (tangas) for military help. In 1682, Abd ar-Rashid Khan II was sent to Ili under escort by Dzungars, who reacted on complaint of Appak.Khoja to Galdan against Abd ar-Rashid Khan II and again were generously rewarded by him. Abd ar-Rashid Khan II fled to Beijing with his son Sultan and surrendered to the Kangxi Emperor in 1696 after Galdan's collapse.
  • Muhammad Imin Khan 1682–1692 (1680–1682 in Chalish, 1682 in Turfan), second son of Sultan Said Baba Khan. After his oldest brother Abd ar-Rashid Khan II was expelled, Muhammad Imin Khan was recalled from Turpan and elected a Khan on a Kurultai of Kashgar and Yarkand Begs. Organized several expeditions against Dzungars. It caused no objections from Appak Khoja, who even married Muhammad Imin Khan's sister Khanum Padshah to save his already shaken prestige and influence among population. In 1692 Muhammad Imin Khan issued State Order (Yarlik ) about expelling Appak Khoja and his son Yahiya Khoja from Yarkent Khanate. In response, Appak Khoja swore to exterminate all descendants of Chengiz Khan in the country and collected troops of his disciples. In decisive battle near Kargilik in 1692 most Muhammad Imin Khan's troops deserted him and joined Khojas. Muhammad Amin Khan fled to the mountains where he was killed.
  • Yahiya Khoja (in Kashgar 1690–1692) 1692–1695, son of Appak Khoja, set up on khanship by Appak Khoja, killed in 1695 by Hanim Padsha.
  • Hanim Padsha (Khanum Padshah) 1695, sister of Muhammad Imin Khan, widow of Appak Khoja, was killed in 1695.
  • Muhammad Mumin Khan (Akbash Khan) 1695–1705, the youngest son of Sultan Said Baba Khan, great-grandson of Abdurashid Khan, disciple of Kara Taghliks, recalled Kara Taghlik leader Khoja Daniyal (died in 1735) from exile in Kashmir to resist Ak Taghliks and Dzungars, fled to India in 1705 under protection of Aurangzeb of Moghul Empire.
  • Shah Khan 1543–1570, the eldest son of Mansur Khan
  • Koraish Sultan (Khotan 1533–1570; Chalish 1570–88) 1570–1588, son of Abdurashid Khan, expelled to India in 1588 by Abdul Karim Khan, where he was received by Moghul Emperor Akbar the Great, who gave him one of regions of India in suyurgal (inheritable possession of land with all peasants on it).
  • Muhammad Khan (in Kashgaria 1591–1610), 1588–1591, son of Abdurashid Khan
  • Abduraim Khan 1591–1594, 1605–1634, the youngest son of Abdurashid Khan, died in 1634 in the age of 77. Had 9 sons, eldest of them was Abdullah Khan.
  • Khudabende Sultan 1594–1605, son of Koraish Sultan, died in 1605
  • Muhammad Khashim Sultan (in Chalish) 1608–1610, son of Khudabende Sultan, grandson of Koraish Sultan, was killed in 1610 by Abduraim Khan in Kucha.
  • Abdullah Khan (in Chalish, in Kashgaria 1638–1669) 1634–1638, the eldest son of Abduraim Khan.
  • Abu'l Muhammad Khan 1638–1653, son of Abduraim Khan. In 1646 sent an embassy to Beijing to congratulate the newly proclaimed Manchu Shunzhi Emperor as first Emperor of the Qing dynasty of China, that succeeded the Ming dynasty, which was overthrown by Manchus in 1644. Embassy brought dozens of horses, camels and precision jade stones as a gift to the emperor. In accordance with ancient Chinese tradition it was declared as a Tribute from Vassal of China. In 1646 Turpan was granted by Qing China the rights to trade in the capital Beijing and in the city of Lanzhou, capital of Gansu province.
  • Sultan Said Baba Khan ( in Kumul 1636–1653) 1653, died in 1680 in the age of 53, 4th son of Abduraim Khan
  • Ibrahim Sultan ( in Khotan 1638–1653) 1653–1655, son of Abduraim Khan, was killed in 1655
  • Sultan Said Baba Khan (restored) 1655–1680. In 1656 sent an embassy to Qing China with gifts for the Shunzhi Emperor, who accepted them and issued an imperial order on October 19, 1656, concerning trade regulations with Turpan, and sent back with mission 338 pieces of silk garment and 723 rolls of fine silk as a gift to Turpan ruler.
  • Abd ar-Rashid Khan II (in Chalish 1678–1680) 1680–1682, the eldest son of Sultan Said Baba Khan, was captured in 1682 by Dzungars and held in captivity for 14 years, was rescued in 1696 by the Kangxi Emperor's Qing troops, who launched military operations against Dzungar Galdan Boshugtu Khan in Khalkha region and defeated him here in June 1696. Abdurashid Khan II was interrogated by Qings and gave them clues about Dzungar Khan's capture, explaining that he could to flee to Kukunor only through Turpan and Kumul, which supplied his troops with food. Qings contacted ruler of Kumul Ubaidullah Khan (?–1709), he captured son of Galdan Boshugtu Khan Tsewang Baljir, who came to Kumul for food, and handed over to Qings. Galdan Boshugtu Khan died of illness in 1697, his dead body was captured by Ubaidullah Khan as well and handed over to Qings. The Kangxi Emperor rewarded Abdurashid Khan II and Ubaidullah Khan for active participating in the operation for liquidating of Galdan Boshugtu Khan, Abdurashid Khan II was given permit to return to his homeland, while his son Sultan was retained in Beijing as actual hostage. Ubaidullah Khan was given the title of Jasak prince with his existing title of Tarkhan being confirmed (exemption from taxation and punishment until committing of 10th crime), the seal, imperial silk clothes and silver money, that was declared by Qings as incorporating of Kumul Khanate into Qing China. Son of Ubaidullah Khan Gapur Bek was appointed as assistant of Commander-in-chief of Qing troops in Suzhou, Gansu province, with permanent residence in this city that actually meant taking him as a hostage by Qings.
  • Muhammad Imin Khan 1682–1690, second son of Sultan Said Baba Khan, great-grandson of Abdurashid Khan. In 1682 sent an embassy to Qing China with gifts for the Kangxi Emperor. In his letter to the Kangxi Emperor, Muhammad Imin Khan apologized for delay of Tribute from Turpan, that was caused by recent turmoil in the country. The Kangxi Emperor accepted gifts and gave recommendation to replace horses for Jade in Tribute ( with compensation of 300 rolls of fine silk for 100 Tael (about 3.78 kg) of Jade). Embassy from Turpan was accompanied by Envoy from Kashgar Islam Khoja who informed the Kangxi Emperor of recent Dzungar invasion and asked some help against Galdan Boshugtu Khan, but result of negotiations is unknown

Kumul Khanate

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Yettishar

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Iliy Khanate

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Other

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Republic of China politicians

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First East Turkestan Republic

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Second East Turkestan Republic

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Uyghur political leader of Second Eastern Turkestan Republic (1944-1949), Vice-Chairman of Sinkiang Provincial Government (1946-1947) of Republic of China, Colonel of Ili National Army Ehmetjan Qasimi

People's Republic of China politicians

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Business

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Politics (abroad)

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Elders

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Writers and poets

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Military

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Independence leaders

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Scientists

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Musicians

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Television hosts

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Actors

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Sports

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Basketball

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Football

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Olympians

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Other

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Religious

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Guantanamo Bay detainees

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Other

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References

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  1. ^ Wilcox, Emily (2019). Revolutionary Bodies: Chinese Dance and the Socialist Legacy. Oakland, California: University of California Press. doi:10.1525/luminos.58. ISBN 978-0-520-97190-5.
 
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