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Reno, Nevada, proudly displays its nickname as "The Biggest Little City in the World" on a large sign above a downtown street.

This partial list of city nicknames in the United States compiles the aliases, sobriquets and slogans that cities are known by (or have been known by historically), officially and unofficially, to municipal governments, local people, outsiders or their tourism boards or chambers of commerce. City nicknames can help in establishing a civic identity, helping outsiders recognize a community or attracting people to a community because of its nickname; promote civic pride; and build community unity.[1] Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community "ideology or myth"[2] are also believed to have economic value.[1] Their economic value is difficult to measure,[1] but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by "branding" themselves by adopting new slogans.[2]

In 2005 the consultancy Tagline Guru conducted a small survey of professionals in the fields of branding, marketing, and advertising aimed at identifying the "best" U.S. city slogans and nicknames. Participants were asked to evaluate about 800 nicknames and 400 slogans, considering several criteria in their assessments. The assigned criteria were: whether the nickname or slogan expresses the "brand character, affinity, style, and personality" of the city, whether it "tells a story in a clever, fun, and memorable way," uniqueness and originality, and whether it "inspires you to visit there, live there, or learn more."[3]

The top-ranked nickname in the survey was New York City's "The Big Apple," followed by "Sin City" (Las Vegas), "The Big Easy" (New Orleans), "Motor City" (Detroit), and "The Windy City" (Chicago). In addition to the number-two nickname, Las Vegas had the top-rated slogan: "What Happens Here, Stays Here." The second- through fifth-place slogans were "So Very Virginia" (Charlottesville, Virginia), "Always Turned On" (Atlantic City, New Jersey), "Cleveland Rocks!" (Cleveland, Ohio), and "The Sweetest Place on Earth" (Hershey, Pennsylvania).[3]

Some unofficial nicknames are positive, while others are derisive. The unofficial nicknames listed here have been in use for a long time or have gained wide currency.

Alabama

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Alabama

Alaska

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Alaska
 
Homer's welcome sign proclaims its nickname.

Arizona

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Arizona

Arkansas

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Arkansas

Camden- Queen City

California

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Main article: List of city nicknames in California

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People's Park in Berkeley was a center of 1960s counterculture activity remembered in the sobriquet "The People's Republic of Berkeley."

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Castroville's nickname celebrates its status as a producer of artichokes.

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Dinuba, Fallbrook, and Selma have nicknames that celebrate the production of raisins.

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Garlic ice cream is given away at the annual Garlic Festival in Gilroy, nicknamed Garlic Capital of the World.

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Close-up view of one of the flower-bedecked floats in the annual Tournament of Roses Parade in Pasadena, which calls itself the City of Roses.

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Solvang's architecture reflects the Danish heritage celebrated by its nickname, Danish capital of America.

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Colorado

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Colorado

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Connecticut

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Connecticut

Delaware

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Delaware

Florida

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Florida

Georgia

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Georgia (U.S. state)
Main article: Nicknames of Atlanta

Hawaii

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Idaho

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Idaho

Illinois

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Illinois
Further information: List of nicknames for Chicago

Indiana

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Indiana
 
The nickname "Athens of the Prairie" was bestowed on Columbus, Indiana, due to the large assemblage of contemporary architecture and public sculpture in the city, including Henry Moore's "Large Arch."

Iowa

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Iowa

Kansas

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Kansas

Kentucky

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Kentucky
 
Nicknames for Lexington and Louisville celebrate the Bluegrass Region's horse farms and the state's most famous horse race, the Kentucky Derby, held at Churchill Downs in Louisville.

Louisiana

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Louisiana

Maine

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Maine

Maryland

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Maryland

Massachusetts

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Massachusetts

Michigan

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Michigan
 
Nicknames for Eau Claire and Traverse City are a reminder that cherries are an important crop in Michigan.

Minnesota

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Minnesota

Mississippi

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Mississippi

Missouri

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Missouri

Montana

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Montana

Nebraska

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Nebraska

Nevada

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Nevada

New Hampshire

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Main article: List of city nicknames in New Hampshire

New Jersey

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Main article: List of city nicknames in New Jersey
 
Nicknames of several New Jersey communities celebrate their status as Jersey Shore resorts.

New Mexico

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Main article: List of city nicknames in New Mexico

New York

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Main article: List of city nicknames in New York
 
Chazy calls itself the world capital of the McIntosh apple.
 
Cooperstown, site of the Baseball Hall of Fame where this plaque honoring Ty Cobb is displayed, lays claim to the title "Birthplace of Baseball."
 
Lockport's nickname of "Lock City" refers to the several Erie canal locks located in the city.

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The city of Niagara Falls, New York, gets both its name and its nickname of "Cataract City" from the famous set of waterfalls known as Niagara Falls.

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This 1907 postcard of Canfield Park and Saratoga Springs' nickname "the Spa City" both recall the era when the city's mineral springs and hotels made it a fashionable resort.

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North Carolina

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Main article: List of city nicknames in North Carolina

North Dakota

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Main article: List of city nicknames in North Dakota

Ohio

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Ohio

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Oklahoma

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Oklahoma

Oregon

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Oregon

Pennsylvania

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Rhode Island

South Carolina

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Main article: List of city nicknames in South Carolina

South Dakota

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Main article: List of city nicknames in South Dakota

Tennessee

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Tennessee

Texas

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Texas

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Utah

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Utah

Vermont

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Vermont

Virginia

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Virginia

Portsmouth - P-Town

Washington

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Washington
 
Blaine's nickname celebrates the Peace Arch on the U.S. border with Canada.

West Virginia

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Main article: List of city nicknames in West Virginia

Wisconsin

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Wisconsin
 
The nicknames of several Wisconsin communities celebrate the state's cheese-making industry. Cheese curds, shown here covered with batter and deep-fried, traditionally have been available only at cheese factories.

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Wyoming

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Wyoming

District of Columbia

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Main article: Nicknames of Washington, D.C.

Nicknames of Washington, D.C.

Puerto Rico

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Main article: List of city nicknames in Puerto Rico

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr Muench, David (December 1993). "Wisconsin Community Slogans: Their Use and Local Impacts" (PDF). University of Wisconsin Extension. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2013. Retrieved April 10, 2007.
  2. ^ a b c Alfredo Andia, Branding the Generic City :), MU.DOT magazine, September 10, 2007
  3. ^ a b TaglineGuru Releases List of Top U.S. City Mottos and Monikers, press release, September 20, 2005, TaglineGuru.com website, archived on June 23, 2008
  4. ^ Alabaster, Alabama, accessed March 28, 2007.
  5. ^ a b c Greetings From America's Secret Capitals, Time (magazine), July 13, 1998.
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  17. ^ City of Daphne, Alabama website, accessed October 5, 2010. The "Jubilee" nickname refers to a phenomenon in Mobile Bay in "blue crabs, shrimp, and fish swimming from the depths of the bay [are brought] into the shallow waters of the shoreline."
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  36. ^ Jacksonville, Alabama profile, accessed March 29, 2007.
  37. ^ Talladega County: Quality of Life, accessed March 29, 2007. "The City adopted the nickname "Motorsports City" due to its proximity next to the Talladega Superspeedway. "
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  40. ^ "Encyclopedia of Alabama: Steamboats in Alabama", Encyclopedia of Alabama, September 2008. Accessed March 22, 2011. "The state's most important towns developed along...navigable rivers, and Mobile, the largest metropolis, became known as the Port City."
  41. ^ Public Television Features Mobile's Azalea Trail, University of Alabama Center for Public Television & Radio press release. Accessed May 17, 2007. "MOBILE--This town is known as The Azalea City, and the evergreen azaleas for which it is famous are an indispensable part of the city’s character."
  42. ^ Sheboygan Press, The Sheboygan Press May 20, 1932. "Q. What city is called The city Of Six Flags? MN a Mobile, Alabama. It has been under French, Spanish, British, American, Alabama, and Confederate Flags."
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  44. ^ [5], accessed April 10, 2010.
  45. ^ "Today, we are more than just the Capital of Alabama--we are the Capital of the South!", accessed September 16, 2007.
  46. ^ Newfield, Jack. "Marching to Montgomery: The Cradle Did Rock", The Village Voice, April 1, 1965. Accessed May 17, 2007. "It was the Ecumenical Council, a hootenanny, a happening, and a revolution all rolled into one. And it happened in Montgomery, 'Cradle of the Confederacy.'"
  47. ^ "Muscle Shoals Music - Shoals Chamber of Commerce", shoalschamber.com, accessed 2011-02-22. "By the close of the 1980s, the music business no longer regarded Muscle Shoals as "The Hit Recording Capital of the World."
  48. ^ a b Visiting or Staying?, Prattville, Alabama. Accessed May 17, 2007. "Long before Prattville became "The Preferred Community," it was known as "The Fountain City" because of its numerous artesian wells."
  49. ^ "Freedom March Begins at Selma; Troops on Guard". New York Times. March 22, 1965. Selma, which calls itself queen of the Alabama Black Belt -- the swath of rich, dark soil and heavy Negro population across south-central Alabama.
  50. ^ [6], accessed April 14, 2010
  51. ^ Slocomb Tomato Festival at WTVY.com, accessed August 9, 2007
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  54. ^ Frequently Asked Questions, DCH Health System website, accessed May 29, 2011. "In the late 1800s, the city fathers of Tuscaloosa planted oak trees along downtown streets. Just as the City of Birmingham was known as the Magic City because of its amazing growth, the City of Tuscaloosa became known as the Oak City, or, in recognition of the ancient British tribe that worshipped oaks, the Druid City."
  55. ^ Welcome to Tuskegee University, accessed March 29, 2007.
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  57. ^ Vestavia Hills, Alabama, RelocateAmerica website
  58. ^ About Wetumpka, accessed March 29, 2007. "Abundant in lore and legend, Wetumpka (an Indian term meaning rumbling waters) is rich in aboriginal history. "
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  60. ^ a b Air Crossroads of the World, Ground Support, April 2006."Increased tourism has halted those perceptions and Anchorage is now known as the "City of Lights and Flowers", a bustling city with a formidable backdrop of glaciers and mountains."
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  69. ^ Homer, Alaska, accessed March 29, 2007. "Homer, Alaska, is considered the halibut capital of the world -- or so locals claim."
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  106. ^ "Dogtown: Through a Glass Darkly".
  107. ^ Out There: The world's duck-hunting capital - Stuttgart, Ark., lies at the heart of the greatest mallard-hunting area, ESPN, accessed April 11, 2007. "The rice fields encroach to the very edge of the city, and erected at the side of one is a small wooden sign that says you've reached the city limits. This is it: Stuttgart — The Rice and Duck Capital of the World."
  108. ^ Alameda, here we come - California island town, Sunset (magazine), August 2001. "Much of what makes Alameda, an island with a picturesque perch off Oakland's flank in San Francisco Bay, so unusual is the way it balances connection with isolation. It lies within easy reach of major urban hubs - the bay, the San Francisco skyline, and the East Bay hills are all in view. Even so, the "Island City" seems a world apart."
  109. ^ Antioch - A Total Community, accessed April 5, 2007. "The waters in the Antioch area are some of the prime striped bass and sturgeon fishing waters. As the "Gateway to the Delta", Antioch will continue as a refuge for boaters."
  110. ^ "About Arcadia". City of Arcadia. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  111. ^ Welcome to the Auburn Endurance Capital Web Site!, accessed April 5, 2007. "2003, the Auburn City Council passed an official measure proclaiming Auburn as the Endurance Capital of the World. Auburn is home to some of the most challenging and historic endurance events on the planet."
  112. ^ Relocating to Bakersfield, Green Country. Accessed June 2, 2007. "Bakersfield has become known as "California's Country Music Capital" with the emergence of musicians like Merle Haggard and Buck Owens."
  113. ^ Foldvary, Fred E. "The People's Republic of Berkeley", The Progress Report. Accessed May 17, 2007.
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    • The Mother Of Continental Parliaments
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  985. ^ Whelan, Frank (March 13, 2002). "Hamilton Street used to be thick with peanut shells ** And Allentown's Army Camp Crane once had a popular commander". The Morning Call. pp. B.04.. "Allentown's title as the Peanut City goes back to the late 19th and early 20th century when large amounts of them were eaten in the Lehigh Valley. From the 1880s to the 1920s, vendors lined Hamilton Street, singing jingles in Pennsylvania Dutch about the superior quality of their peanuts. Former Call-Chronicle Sunday editor John Y. Kohl recalled in 1967 that the peanuts were eaten mostly by young men and boys who would walk Hamilton Street on Saturday nights flirting with girls and 'throwing the shells about with complete abandon.' Sunday morning sidewalks were 'not quite ankle deep' in shells. Merchants would get up early to sweep them into the gutter so churchgoers would not have to wade through them.'"
  986. ^ "Queen City Daily Blog". Retrieved 2008-03-29.
  987. ^ Whelan, Frank (May 7, 1991). "'Cement City' Moniker Is A Mystery American Heritage Says Label Was Allentown's". The Morning Call. pp. B.03.. "Queen City's origins as an Allentown nickname are obscure. It is believed to come from a turn-of-the-century competition hosted by the Allentown Chamber of Commerce. The winning entry was said to be Queen City."
  988. ^ Whelan, Frank (May 7, 1991). "Cement City' Moniker Is A Mystery American Heritage Says Label Was Allentown's". The Morning Call. pp. B.03.. "Silk City for example, is a throwback to the late 19th and early 20th century, when Allentown was known for its many silk mills. Although the last mill closed a few years ago, the name hangs on in the minds of older residents."
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  1002. ^ Scarpaci, Joseph L; Kevin Joseph Patrick (2006). "Chapter 6: Pittsburgh, City of Bridges". Pittsburgh and the Appalachians: cultural and natural resources in a postindustrial age. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-8229-4282-5. Retrieved February 28, 2010.
  1003. ^ Rossi, Rob (February 14, 2010). "Deadline-day deal? Not likely for Penguins". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Retrieved February 28, 2010.
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  1006. ^ http://www.statecollegepa.us/index.asp?NID=31 Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  1007. ^ http://www.wilkes-barre.pa.us/communityprofile.php Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  1008. ^ Slogan appears on the masthead of the Newport Daily News and on some of the city's letterhead stationery (for example, on this document).
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  1010. ^ Pawtucket the real winner in annual Dragon boat race, Providence Journal, September 11, 2005. The Pawtucket Bucketeers, a local team participating in this race, derived its name "from their city's less-than-gracious nickname."
  1011. ^ thebucketri.com: "'The Bucket', intended as a derogatory knick-name for the city of Pawtucket, has been embraced by locals..."
  1012. ^ City of Providence, Rhode Island Economic Development Corporation website, accessed January 5, 2008. "Providence has taken on the name 'The Renaissance City' in the 1990s as new office buildings, apartments, hotels, the Rhode Island Convention Center, Waterplace Park, and the Fleet Skating Rink liven the Downcity District."
  1013. ^ a b Providence needs a new brand name by Mark Faverman, Providence Journal, December 24, 2006, accessed January 5, 2008. "Previous names like the Beehive of Industry and Renaissance City have not captured the public’s imagination and have failed to convey the right tone or uniqueness."
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  1017. ^ Appreciate the arts, Editorial in Anderson Independent Mail, accessed April 13, 2007. "Head on down North Main to the courthouse square to visit the statue of William Church Whitner, the man who put the “electric” in the Electric City. He holds his pocket watch and looks at a street light that is about to light up for the first time, marking the first long-distance transmission of electricity in the South."
  1018. ^ a b c d e f g h SC City Nicknames Guide, SciWay (South Carolina's Information Highway) website, accessed July 6, 2011
  1019. ^ Iron City leaders to be sworn-in, The Gaffney Ledger, March 30, 2007, accessed April 13, 2007. "Blacksburg Mayor David Hogue and councilmen Joe Ross and Mike Patterson will be sworn in Sunday to new four-year terms at 3 p.m. at Iron City Place, 101 S. John St., Blacksburg."
  1020. ^ Charleston, South Carolina, SciWay (South Carolina's Information Highway) website, accessed February 19, 2010
  1021. ^ G'vegas On the Retirement of Bill Workman, Senator Lindsey Graham transcript of floor speech, accessed April 13, 2007. "Over the past few decades, Greenville and upstate South Carolina have slowly been transformed from being a textile capital of the world to a much more diversified economy."
  1022. ^ Greenville, South Carolina, RelocateAmerica website (accessed January 10, 2008)
  1023. ^ City Manager, accessed April 13, 2007. "Have a great time exploring and learning about our wonderful City and about the special quality of life that we have all come to know as Greenwood, the Emerald City."
  1024. ^ Flynn, Sean P. "Classic cars to rumble through Spartanburg en route to West", Spartanburg Herald Journal, April 6, 2007, accessed April 13, 2007. "The Great American Race is coming to the Hub City."
  1025. ^ Putting sparkle back in the "Sparkle City", WHNS, March 26, 2007, accessed April 13, 2007. "As more people invest, they are putting the sparkle back in "Sparkle City."
  1026. ^ Reader's Report: Good Ol' Cast Iron, Farmer's Almanac Television, April 2005, accessed April 22, 2007. "Whet your "rhubarb appetite" and watch for Jodi's report and recipes from Leola's Rhubarb Days. This town of 500 is the Rhubarb Capital of the World!"
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  1028. ^ http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/75b6b/d42c8/ and http://www.rapidcityhomes.com/rapidcity/community/index.htm
  1029. ^ Redfield city website, accessed February 19, 2010
  1030. ^ City of Adamsville website, accessed August 12, 2009
  1031. ^ Athens, Tennessee official website, accessed March 18, 2008
  1032. ^ Birthplace of Country Music Alliance website, accessed March 18, 2008
  1033. ^ a b c Chattanooga Info..., University of Tennessee Chattanooga, Department of Psychology website, accessed January 5, 2008. "Chattanooga has for a long time been considered The Gateway to the South. It is at the crossroads of the railroads, major highways, and the Tennessee River. In recent years it has been completely reborn in a transformation that has also earned it the nickname The Smartest City. You can add those great nicknames to its two existing ones The Scenic City and The City of Lights."
  1034. ^ Clarksville, Tennessee: Gateway to the New South, Fort Campbell website, accessed October 11, 2008
  1035. ^ Queen City Lodge #761 - Free & Accepted Masons, accessed October 11, 2008
  1036. ^ Clarksville unveils new "Brand" as "Tennessee’s Top Spot!", Turner McCullough Jr., Clarksville Online, April 12, 2008
  1037. ^ Columbia, Tennessee, Mule Capital of the World, Muletown - Home of Mule Day (website)
  1038. ^ Columbia, Tennessee - Mule Capital of the World, Roadside America website (accessed January 6, 2008)
  1039. ^ City of Elizabethton website (accessed May 20, 2008)
  1040. ^ Refers to the city's Prohibition-era reputation as a center for trade in illegal alcoholic beverages ("Little Chicago" on Johnson's Depot website, accessed March 31, 2009).
  1041. ^ Town of Jonesborough website (accessed January 24, 2008)
  1042. ^ The Spirit Of Kingsport, City of Kingsport website (accessed May 20, 2008)
  1043. ^ Knoxville area information, Mast General Store website, accessed January 5, 2008. "In the 1800s and early 1900s, the city was very important as a manufacturing and warehouse district. Knoxville was known as 'The Marble City' because of the famous pink marble supplied by quarries surrounding the city."
  1044. ^ Video: A Monument to underwear, Knoxville News Sentinel website, accessed 20 January 2010.
  1045. ^ The Internet Business Directory for Lenoir City
  1046. ^ City of McMinnville website, accessed January 5, 2008.
  1047. ^ Orkin, David. "THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO: TENNESSEE", The Independent, January 7, 2006, accessed April 22, 2007. "The king is dead, but the Presley legend lives on in Tennessee's largest city, Memphis, which is also the birthplace of the blues and a jewel of the Mississippi."
  1048. ^ MEMPHIS TO LEAD NATIONAL CELEBRATION OF THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF ROCK 'n' ROLL, press release dated November 5, 2003, accessed April 22, 2007. " Memphis is known worldwide as the "Birthplace of Rock 'n' Roll" - with close to 20 percent of the earliest inductees in the Rock 'n' Roll Hall of Fame having come from within a 100-mile radius of Memphis."
  1049. ^ Nashville: The Athens of the South, About.com, accessed April 22, 2007. "By the 1850's, Nashville had already earned the nickname of the "Athens of the South" by having established numerous higher education institutions as well as being the first Southern City to establish a public school system."
  1050. ^ Carroll Van West (1994), Tennessee's Historic Landscapes: A Traveler's Guide, University of Tennessee Press. Page 85.
  1051. ^ How Nashville Became Music City, U.S.A.: 50 Years of Music Row, accessed April 22, 2007.
  1052. ^ At Work in the Atomic City: A Labor and Social History of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, accessed April 22, 2007.
  1053. ^ a b City of Shelbyville official website, accessed January 5, 2008. "We are known as the Walking Horse Capital of the World, and the Grand Champion Tennessee Walking Horse is crowned at our TWH National Celebration annually. Shelbyville is known as The Pencil City because of its historical importance to pencil manufacturing, although today more "writing instruments" than pencils are produced here."
  1054. ^ The nickname is used in the title of a book, Abilene, The Key City, by Juanita Daniel Zachry, published in 1986 by Windsor Publications in cooperation with the Texas Sesquicentennial Committee for Abilene.b/OL2714832M/Abilene,-the-key-city
  1055. ^ Barry Popik, Lene Town (Abilene nickname), March 13, 2008
  1056. ^ Message from the Mayor, Alpine, Texas, accessed April 22, 2007. ""We are a town of western culture and heritage, home of Sul Ross State University and the gateway to the Big Bend."
  1057. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw A symbolic "capital" designated by the Texas Legislature, listed in Official Capital Designations, Texas State Library and Archives Commission, accessed July 3, 2008
  1058. ^ World Wide Leap Year Birthday Club in Anthony TX/NM the Leap Year Capital of the World
  1059. ^ Bat City Review | The University of Texas at Austin
  1060. ^ Welcome to Bat Conservation International
  1061. ^ The Big Apple: City of the Violet Crown (Austin nickname)
  1062. ^ Perry, Rick. "Governor of Texas". youtube.com. Jimmy Kimmel Live. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
  1063. ^ Austin Music and Musical Attractions - Live Music in Austin, TX
  1064. ^ [35]
  1065. ^ Visitor's Information, Brady/McCulloch County Community Development Office website, accessed December 12, 2010
  1066. ^ https://www.tsl.state.tx.us/ref/abouttx/capitals.html
  1067. ^ Hall, Cheryl "Perot Museum makes a statement about business in Big D" The Dallas Morning News, Dallas, 1 November 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
  1068. ^ Barry Popik (September 7, 2008). "City of Hate (Dallas nickname)". The Big Apple.
  1069. ^ Peter Applebome (November 21, 1988). "25 Years After the Death of Kennedy, Dallas Looks at Its Changed Image". New York Times. Few American cities have come under the kind of national scorn that befell Dallas in the days and weeks after President Kennedy died here. The city found itself widely condemned as a city of hate.
  1070. ^ Jerry Organ (2000). "Dallas to Dealey". The Kennedy Assassination.
  1071. ^ "Entry from November 19, 2007 D-Town (Dallas nickname)".
  1072. ^ "Economic Development". City of Deer Park, Texas. Why the "Birthplace of Texas"? Deer Park is the site where initial treaty documents securing Texas' independence from Mexico were drafted following the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836.
  1073. ^ "Denton". LocalWiki.[unreliable source?]
  1074. ^ Eagle Lake, Texas official website, accessed December 25, 2008
  1075. ^ Based on the lyrics of Marty Robbins' song El Paso City
  1076. ^ Amazon.com's Description of Brides And Sinners in El Chuco: Short Stories quotes Publishers Weekly: "El Paso is El Chuco ("the disgusting one") to locals of the border town where Granados sets the 15 stories of this debut."
  1077. ^ City of El Paso website, accessed June 15, 2010. "Mild weather and below average cost of living has attracted several new residents and businesses to the Sun City."
  1078. ^ [36], accessed April 25, 2013
  1079. ^ a b c Fort Worth, Texas, Handbook of Texas History Online
  1080. ^ http://www.fortwortharchitecture.com/oldftw/vignettepanther1.jpg
  1081. ^ Oliver Knight and Cissy Stewart Lale (1953) Fort Worth, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, page 109: "Fort Worth in 1880 was being hailed as the Queen City of the Prairie."
  1082. ^ "Fredericksburg the Texas Hill Country". Fredericksburg Convention and Visitor Bureau. Retrieved 27 July 2014.
  1083. ^ Handbook of Texas Online - GONZALES, TX, accessed June 15, 2008
  1084. ^ a b Prison city; life with the death penalty in Huntsville, Texas, Reference & Research Book News, May 2007
  1085. ^ Huntsville: Death Capital, Religion & Ethics Newsweekly, Episode 637, May 16, 2003
  1086. ^ Karla Faye's Final Stop: How my hometown deals with being the execution capital of the world, Christianity Today, July 13, 1998
  1087. ^ Tomato Capital of the World (online book advertisement); accessed October 5, 2009
  1088. ^ http://jasper.agrilife.org
  1089. ^ Historic Downtown Kingsville website, accessed August 17, 2008
  1090. ^ History of Lake Jackson, City of Lake Jackson website, accessed August 26, 2011
  1091. ^ a b Barry Popik, Hub of the Plains (Lubbock nickname), March 14, 2008. BarryPopik.com. Accessed February 8, 2012
  1092. ^ Marlin Website
  1093. ^ Atul Gawande, The Cost Conundrum, The New Yorker, June 1, 2009, page 36
  1094. ^ Did You Know..., McAllen Economic Development Corporation website
  1095. ^ a b c Midland/Odessa, TX: History, Rand McNally.com, accessed September 8, 2010
  1096. ^ City of Nacogdoches website, accessed September 10, 2010
  1097. ^ a b Welcome to Palacios, Texas, accessed May 6, 2011[unreliable source?]
  1098. ^ Katherine Ling, Buoyed by fresh petrodollars, 'Energy City' dares to hope, Greenwire (E&E Publishing), June 2, 2008. "Battered by the petroleum industry's decline in the 1980s and hit hard by Hurricane Rita in 2005, the self-proclaimed "Energy City" has struggled for years with high unemployment, crime and pollution."
  1099. ^ David Ball, Group wants to bring solar energy to Port Arthur, Port Arthur News, December 2, 2008. "Chatman said Port Arthur still wants to be known as energy city."
  1100. ^ http://www.roanoketexas.com/
  1101. ^ a b c San Angelo, Texas, in 1922, Ranch & Rural Living magazine, 15 January 2008
  1102. ^ a b A Changed Oasis, Short Grass Country website. "In a deft switch of wording, San Angelo changed its slogan from The Wool Capital Of The World to The Wool Capital Of The Nation. The Chamber of Commerce office confirmed the change. While I waited, the telephone tape said over and over, 'San Angelo is the oasis of West Texas'..."
  1103. ^ Extreme Makeover: San Angelo. ASU Students Surprised by Stores, Shopping now Available, ASU RamPage, Angelo State University, September 9, 2005
  1104. ^ Our Properties: Sunset Mall, San Angelo Texas, Willett Companies, Inc., website, accessed December 25, 2008
  1105. ^ Popik, Barry (December 20, 2007). "Alamo City (San Antonio nickname)". The Big Apple.
  1106. ^ Popik, Barry (January 20, 2008). /countdown_city_or_210_san_antonio_nickname "Countdown City or 210 (San Antonio nickname)". The Big Apple. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  1107. ^ Popik, Barry (May 21, 2008). "River City (San Antonio nickname)". The Big Apple.
  1108. ^ City of Smithville City Website, accessed Nov. 2, 2011
  1109. ^ City of Texas City website, accessed January 5, 2008
  1110. ^ City of The Colony website, accessed July 20, 2008
  1111. ^ Handbook of Texas Online - VICTORIA COUNTY, accessed June 15, 2008
  1112. ^ Hal Crowther, Gather at the River: Notes from the Post-millennial South, page 86. "Baylor, the world's largest Baptist university, sets the moral tone for the town secular Texans call 'the Buckle of the Bible Belt.'"
  1113. ^ a b Brief History, City of Weatherford website. "Named by the State Legislature as the Peach Capital of Texas, Weatherford and Parker County growers produce the biggest, sweetest, juiciest peaches in all of Texas... Known as the Cutting Horse Capital of the World, Weatherford is home to dozens of professional trainers [and] hall-of-fame horses."
  1114. ^ Cottonwood Heights. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
  1115. ^ Campbell, Jeff & Rachowiecki, Rob. (2002). Lonely Planet Southwest. ISBN 1-86450-376-9.
  1116. ^ The Grand Canyons Regions
  1117. ^ Frontier Movie Town, Kanab, Utah
  1118. ^ City of Orem
  1119. ^ Patton, Matt Hush, hush, Provo culture. The Daily Utah Chronicle, March 15, 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
  1120. ^ Utah Commemorative Quarter. Retrieved 2008-02-21. Archived February 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  1121. ^ Springville City. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
  1122. ^ Zezima, Kate "Headstones Too Go Global, and One City Pays the Price", The New York Times, October 25, 2006, accessed April 15, 2007. "Barre, Vt. — This city of 9,000 bills itself as the “granite capital of the world,” its economic foundation built early in the last century with the light gray rock from nearby quarries."
  1123. ^ City of Burlington Police Home Page, accessed April 15, 2007. "The Burlington Police Department was commissioned in 1865 to provide law enforcement services to the Queen City."
  1124. ^ a b Montpelier Wants a Nickname, WCAX-TV, April 17, 2009: "Burlington is known as the Queen City; Winooski is the Onion City and Montpelier... well the capital is looking for a nickname..."
  1125. ^ Nichols, John. " Being Like Bernie", The Nation, August 15, 2005, accessed April 15, 2007. "After almost thirty-five years of close to constant campaigning, first as the gadfly candidate of the left-wing Liberty Union Party for senator and governor in the 1970s, then as the radical mayor of "The People's Republic of Burlington" in the 1980s and, since 1990, as the only independent in modern history to repeatedly win a US House seat, Sanders has forged relationships with generations of Vermont voters, many of whom echo the sentiments of Warren attorney Mark Grosby, who says, 'I used to be a diehard Republican. Now, I'm a diehard for Bernie.'"
  1126. ^ Barna, Ed. "Rutland area continues broad economic expansion", Vermont Business Magazine, June 1, 2001, accessed April 15, 2007. "The extraction industry, historically important for a place nicknamed the Marble City, made headlines due to the OMYA marble grinding company's efforts to help meet a surging worldwide demand for calcium carbonate."
  1127. ^ Flagg, Kathryn (February 1, 2012). "Leaving RutVegas". Seven Days. Retrieved June 2, 2013. Defensive, a bit resistant to outsiders and staunchly self-reliant, Rutlanders bristle at the pejorative moniker and its attendant connotations. ... For decades, the blue-collar railroad town has battled a reputation as the unofficial capital of drugs and crime in Vermont. To outsiders, it's a gritty place — the part of Vermont where your tires might get slashed. Where you should lock your doors. Where, at best, there's not much to do.
  1128. ^ Discovering St. Albans - Vermont's "Rail City", accessed April 15, 2007. "St. Albans is called the “Rail City” because in 1855, the Central Vermont Railway (CVR) established its headquarters here."
  1129. ^ "Town of Hartford Growth Center application" (PDF). 20 Dec 2009. p. 43. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
  1130. ^ Birthplace of Country Music website
  1131. ^ Goolrick, John. T. (2006). Fredericksburg: America's Most Historic City. Kessinger Publishing, LLC. ISBN 978-1-4286-5422-8.
  1132. ^ Town of Honaker website, accessed July 30, 2008
  1133. ^ a b [37] Lynchburg Online website
  1134. ^ [38] Official nickname on website
  1135. ^ River City Magazine website
  1136. ^ History: River City Observed, Discover Richmond website
  1137. ^ The Roanoke Star, City of Roanoke website, accessed January 5, 2008. The nickname refers to a large lighted star on a mountainside overlooking the city, installed in 1949 and originally intended as a Christmas decoration. "It was over 50 years ago Roanoke earned the nickname, 'Star City of the South,' and the star has been a part of the landscape of Mill Mountain ever since."
  1138. ^ Case 54: Roanoke, Virginia, Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies website, accessed January 5, 2008. "The City of Roanoke, once known as the 'Magic City' due to the speed of the city’s growth, was chartered in 1884."
  1139. ^ http://www.history.org/Almanack/places/hb/hbcap.cfm
  1140. ^ http://law.wm.edu/about/ourtown/index.php
  1141. ^ Elizabeth Gibson, Outlaw Tales of Washington, Globe Pequot, 2001. ISBN 0-7627-1150-7, ISBN 978-0-7627-1150-5. This label was attached to Aberdeen after a string of murders in the early 20th century.
  1142. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Karen Gaudette, What's in a motto? It's a city's "brand", The Seattle Times, March 21, 2006
  1143. ^ www.Bellingham-Subdued-Excitement.com
  1144. ^ City of Blaine website, accessed December 25, 2009. Nickname is due to the Peace Arch Monument at the U.S.-Canada border, erected in 1921.
  1145. ^ Ralph Schwartz, A walk down memory lane in Burlington, Skagit Valley Herald, July 20, 2009
  1146. ^ Ellis E. Conklin, FORSAKEN BY TIMBER, FORKS IS AT A CROSSROADS LOGGING CAPITAL GRASPS AT FANTASY LAND FOR SURVIVAL, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Friday, April 20, 1990, Section: News, Page: A1
  1147. ^ James Vesely, Kirkland Shows Its Angst And Looks For Solutions, The Seattle Times, November 24, 1997
  1148. ^ Lynden early history well documented in printer's ink, Lynden Tribune, June 7, 2006 (accessed December 25, 2009)
  1149. ^ City of Marysville website, accessed December 25, 2009
  1150. ^ Gil Bailey, Poulsbo: There's a lot to 'Little Norway', Seattle Post-Intelligencer, May 23, 1998
  1151. ^ http://wa.14thstory.com/kiwanis-club-of-atomic-city-richland-washington.html
  1152. ^ "History of Seattle: The "Jet City" Takes Off". Seattle's Convention and Visitors Bureau. Archived from the original on 2006-10-02. Retrieved 2007-10-01.
  1153. ^ Nard Jones remarked in his 1972 book Seattle (Doubleday, ISBN 0-385-01875-4), p. 354, that the nickname was "almost abandoned now because of a homosexual twist of semantics".
  1154. ^ depicted on city's main welcome sign
  1155. ^ History of the Spokane Lilac Festival, originally prepared by Linda Kiddo and updated as of February 2004. "The suggestion that Spokane be known as “The Lilac City” is attributed to Dr. S. E. Lambert, W.T. Triplett and John W. Duncan. In the early 1930s these men encourage the local garden club to plant lilac bushes throughout the City of Spokane."
  1156. ^ Jeff Larsen, Short Trips: Revitalized city catches up to its destiny, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, March 13, 2003
  1157. ^ Larson, John. Metal band looks to break out of T-town. Tacoma Weekly, December 27, 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
  1158. ^ See, generally, "Grit City". Retrieved 2008-04-22.
  1159. ^ Welcome to Bluefield, West Virginia!
  1160. ^ Grant County Chamber of Commerce website ("Petersburg is known as the 'Home of the Golden Trout', which is a color mutation of the regular rainbow and was developed using selective breeding at the Petersburg hatchery.")
  1161. ^ City of Weirton Homepage
  1162. ^ Iron and Steel, Ohio County Public Library website ("The city comes fairly by her sobriquet, 'The Nail City.' Here are cut more nails than in any other city in the world.")
  1163. ^ Village of Black Creek, retrieved April 27, 2013.
  1164. ^ http://cumberland-wisconsin.com/drupal/
  1165. ^ Village of Gays Mills, Wisconsin - Apple Capital of Wisconsin
  1166. ^ Peterson, Davis. " Titletown again; The Packers put away the Patriots 35-21 for the NFL crown, and after 29 years, Green Bay again reigns as Titletown, USA. Frenzied fans and bedlam abound in Loony Land of Lombardi.", Star Tribune, January 27, 1997. Accessed June 13, 2007
  1167. ^ Welcome to Hillsboro
  1168. ^ " The Bower City is Proud of Pioneers.", Janesville Recorder, April 20, 1911. Accessed July 26, 2008
  1169. ^ " JANESVILLE PLANS NEW PARK NEAR THE RIVER AND LIBRARY THE SITE WOULD FOCUS ON CHILDREN WITH SHADE-TREE READING PROGRAMS.", Wisconsin State Journal, August 20, 2000. Accessed June 13, 2007. "The place that bills itself as the ``City of Parks might be getting another one -- a unique space near Hedberg Public Library catered to children."
  1170. ^ Did You Know? Facts About the City of Kaukauna, Wisconsin
  1171. ^ A Symbol for a City, on the Dane County Cultural Affairs Commission's Madison: A Capital Idea website, accessed January 5, 2008. "An art lover at the 1976 Art Fair on the Square sports the Mad City T-shirt created by Russ Frank of the Madison Top Company two years earlier."
  1172. ^ Urban Dictionary
  1173. ^ Madison, City of Four Lakes: Our History and Our Home
  1174. ^ Madison Metropolitan School District
  1175. ^ Brew City loses its oldest brewery, by Lisa Price, October 31, 1996, on CNN.com website. "Milwaukee has never had an identity crisis -- as one city resident said, 'We've been Brew City for 135 years.'"
  1176. ^ a b Jan Uebelherr, "Magazine tips hat to Mil-town," The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, August 31, 2007. "Spin magazine takes a dizzying spin through Brewtown in its September issue in a little travelogue called '72 Hours in Milwaukee.'"
  1177. ^ The "Cream City" nickname refers to the cream-colored brick produced in Milwaukee and used in many of its 19th-century buildings.Cream City Brick, by Terry Pepper, updated 12/02/2007
  1178. ^ The Making of Milwaukee, MPTV
  1179. ^ City of New Richmond website, accessed October 15, 2011
  1180. ^ Racine, Wisconsin the Belle City of the Lakes., Racine, Wisconsin. Accessed June 13, 2007
  1181. ^ The Rhinelander Area Chamber of Commerce welcomes you to the Northwoods of Wisconsin!
  1182. ^ A local mechanic and businessman built the first workable snowmobile in his shop in Sayner (About Plum Lake Township, Sayner-Star Lake Chamber of Commerce website, accessed July 26, 2008)
  1183. ^ Sheboygan County Historical Documents, University of Wisconsin Digital Collections
  1184. ^ Soldiers Grove, Wisconsin
  1185. ^ "Half-Way Between Equator And North Pole Billboard". Roadside America.
  1186. ^ "Waukesha Spa." Milwaukee Journal August 8, 1969
  1187. ^ [39]
  1188. ^ Welcome to Waupun, Wisconsin - The City of Sculptures
  1189. ^ "A souvenir of Fond du Lac County, Wis. ([1904?])", The State of Wisconsin Collection, University of Wisconsin Library, Waupun, "The Prison City,' is a city of 4,000 inhabitants and located on a beautiful table land which gives it a dry and healthful climate.
  1190. ^ "Official Website of the City of Wauwatosa". 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-17.; front page offers "Tosa trivia" and information on "Rain Gardens For Tosa" program
  1191. ^ "City Dictionary". 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-11.; particularly derisive name due to the village's traditionally high percentage of Caucasian residents (91.9% as of the 2010 census)
  1192. ^ "Official Website of the Waterpark Capital of the World". Wisconsin Visitors Bureau. 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-03.; also, cover of 2006 Travel and Attraction Guide, ©2006 Ad Lit Inc.; printed on cover, with TM notice, "The Waterpark Capital of the World!TM, as obtained from "Wisconsin Dells Resorts". Ad Lit. 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-03., which has the same slogan. City's website, "City of Wisconsin Dells". Retrieved 2006-09-03. does not mention the slogan
  1193. ^ Welcome to the official City of Cheyenne Website!, City of Cheyenne. Accessed June 13, 2007. The "Magic City of the Plains" is located at the intersection of Interstates 25 and 80 in southeast Wyoming."
  1194. ^ Welcome To Cody Stampede Rodeo & Cody Nite Rodeo!!!, Buffalo Cody Stampede Rodeo. Accessed June 13, 2007. "Welcome to Cody, Wyoming, the Rodeo Capital of the World!"
  1195. ^ About the Laramie Main street Program, Downtown Laramie. Accessed June 13, 2007. "Its residents will be proud to turn their attentions to its heart and core, reminiscent of and perpetuating Laramie’s reputation as the Gem City of the Plains."
  1196. ^ Area Information, The Lovell Chronicle website, accessed June 27, 2010
  1197. ^ Preserve America Community: Rock Springs, Wyoming, Preserve America website, accessed June 10, 2010
  1198. ^ Upton, Wyoming Tales and Trails website, accessed June 26, 2011
  1199. ^ Añasco, Welcome to Puerto Rico website
  1200. ^ a b Humacao, Puerto Rico, Welcome to Puerto Rico website
  1201. ^ Guayama, Welcome to Puerto Rico website
  1202. ^ Ponce, Travel to Puerto Rico website
  1203. ^ Inter American-Ponce and UPR-Ponce Make The "City of Lions" A MeasureNet City, Measure-Net Technology website, December 23, 2006
  1204. ^ Welcome to Puerto Rico: Ponce, Puerto Rico. The name is after its founder Juan Ponce de León y Loayza.
  1205. ^ Ponce, Puerto Rico, Welcome to Puerto Rico website.
  1206. ^ Ponce: General Information. Puerto Rico Encyclopedia. The City is known as "Genip City" because that fruit is unusually more common in Ponce that in any other city in the Island. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  1207. ^ Ponce: General Information. Puerto Rico Encyclopedia. The City is known as "The Noble City" because of the aristocratic (Señorial is derived from Señor, Spanish for "Sir") look of the Spanish colonial architecture of its homes introduced by wealthy landlords in the 17th, 18th, and 19th century. Note: There is no exact translation into English of the Spanish word "Señorial". Thus, some authors also translate it into "The Majestic City." Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  1208. ^ Transforman la crítica en obras de arte. Reinaldo Millán. La Perla del Sur. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 13 August 2014. This nickname is apparently an allusion to the colors of the city or its iconic Parque de Bombas.
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U.S. city nicknames City nicknames

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