Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 18

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 18 running from name Esdaile to name Finan.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 18 Esdaile - Finan. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

{{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: ^{[link currently leads to a wrong person]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text ^{[disambiguation needed]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - Y
{{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - Y Y
{{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - Y N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

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Note: there are images of William Fenner at Commons:Category:William Fenner.

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^ Harry Escombe (1838–1899), premier of Natal ; educated at St. Paul's School; went to Natal, 1860; attorney-at-law; solicitor and standing counsel for Durban; member for Durban in legislative council, 1872; served in Durban rifles through Zulu campaign, 1879-80, and Transvaal war, 1881; again member for Durban, 1879-85; on executive council, 1880-3; member of council for Newcastle, 1886, Klip River, 1888, and Durban, 1890-7; attorney-general, 1893: premier, 1897; privy councillor and LL.D. Cambridge, 1897.
^ James Esdaile (1808–1859), surgeon and mesmerist; M.D. Edinburgh, 1830: put in charge of East India Company's Hooghly hospital, 1838; adopted and successfully employed mesmerism for production of anaesthesia, 1845; entrusted with hospital in Calcutta for purposes of experiment, 1846; presidency surgeon, 1848; marine surgeon, 1850; published records of his cases and works on mesmerism.
^ William Esdaile (1758–1837), banker and print collector; employed in the firm of Esdaile, Hammet & Co., Lombard Street: retired, broken down, 1832; visited Italy, 1825 and 1835; possessed a very complete set of Rembrandt etchings and Claude drawings.
^ Viscount (1815–1899). See William Baliol Brett.
^ Lord Eskgrove (1724?–1804). See Sir David Rae.
^ Sir Laurence Esmonde, Baron Esmonde (1570?-1646), governor of Duncannon: served in the Netherlands and (1599) in Ireland; knighted, 1599; governor of Duncannon, 1606-46; joint-commissioner to survey confiscated territory in Wexford, 1611; charged with packing juries and torturing witnesses in order to deprive the O'Byrnes of their land, 1619; created Baron Esmonde, 1622.
^ John Bishop Estlin (1785-1855), surgeon; son of John Prior Estlin; studied at Guy's rereon; son 5 Hospital: established (.1812) and" conducted (1812-48) ophthalmic dispensary at Bristol; F.R.C.S., 1843; published Remarks on Mesmerism 1845.
^ Countess of Essex (1794–1882). See Catherine Stephens.
^ Alfred Essex (fl.–1837), artist; son of William Essex; executed plates for Muss; published paper on painting in enamel, 1837.
^ James Essex (1722–1784), builder and architect: designed and built west front of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1775, with other collegiate buildings; executed restorations and alterations in Ely Cathedral, 1757-62; put up the four spires and battlement of the central tower at Lincoln, 1775; F.S.A., 1772; published architectural pamphlets.
^ Timothy Essex (1765?–1847), composer; Mus.Doc. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1812; organist to St. George's Chapel, Albemarle Street; composed canzonets, duets, and sonatinas.
^ William B. Essex (1822–1852), artist; son of William Essex; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1845-61.
^ William Essex (1784?–1869), enamel-painter to Princess Augusta, Queen Victoria (1839), and the prince consort; exhibited at the Royal Academy and other institutions,
^ Michael Est, Este, or Easte (1580?–1680?). See East.
^ Edgar Edmund Estcourt (1816–1884), canon of St. Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1840; converted to Roman Catholicism, 1845; diocesan aeconomus in the western district, 18501884; best-known work, The Question of Anglican Ordinations discussed 1873.
^ James Bucknall Bucknall Estcourt (1802-1855), major-general; ensign, 1820: superintended magnetic experiments in Euphrates Valley expedition, 1834-6; M.P., Devizes, 1848; fought at Inkerman and the Alma, 1854: major-general, 1864; unfairly blamed for sufferings of Crimean troops; died in Crimea.
^ Richard Estcourt (1668–1712), actor and dramatist; travelling actor, 1683; first appeared at Drury Lane, 1704; specially selected by Farquhar for the part of Sergeant Kite; commended by his friend Steele; published a drama and an interlude.
^ Thomas Henry Sutton Sotheron Estcourt (1801–1876), statesman; educated at Harrow and Oriel College, Oxford; M.A., 1826; D.C.L., 1857; conservative M.P., Marlborough, 1829, Devizes, 1835-44, and North Wiltshire, 1844-65; privy councillor, 1858; home secretary, 3 March-18 June 1859.
^ Charles Este (1696–1746), bishop of Waterford ; queen's scholar, Westminster; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1722; bishop of Ossory, 1736-40; D.D. Dublin, 1736: bishop of Waterford, 1740.
^ Thomas Este or Est (1540?–1608?). See East.
^ Walter Espec (d. 1153), founder of Rievaulx Abbey, 1131, of Warden Abbey, 1135; itinerant justice in the north during Henry I's reign; a leader in the Battle of the Standard, 1138; died a recluse,
^ Kings of Essex .
^ Earls of Essex . See MANDEVILLE, GEOFFREY DE, first EARL, d. 1144; MANDEVILLB, WILLIAM DE, third EARL, d. 1189; FITZPETER, GKOFFKKY, fourth EARL, d. 1213; BOHUN, HUMPHREY DE, first EARL of the second creation, d. 1274; BOHUN, HUMPHREY DE, second EARL, d. 1298; BOHUN, HUMPHREY DE, third EARL, 1276-1322; BOURCHIER, HENRY, first EARL of the third creation, d. 1483; BOURCHIER, HENRY, second EARL, d. 1539; CROMWELL, THOMAS, first EARL of the fourth creation, I486 ?1640; PARR, WILLIAM, first EARL of the fifth creation, 1513-1571; DEVEREUX, WALTER, first EARL of the sixth creation. 1541 ?-1576; DEVEREUX, ROBERT, second EARL, 1667-1601; DEVERKUX, ROBERT, third EARL, 1591-1646: CAPEL, ARTHUR, first EARL of the seventh creation, 1681-1683; CAPEL, WILLIAM, third EARL, 1697-143.
^ John Prior Estlin (1747–1817), Unitarian minister; co-pastor at Lewin's Mead, Bristol, 1771: LL.D. l Glasgow, 1807; friend of Coleridge, Southey, and Robert Hall; his Familiar Lectures published, 1818.
^ Adam Eston (d. 1397). See Easton
^ Sampson Estwick or Eastwick (d. 1739), musician: M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1680; B.D., 1692; minor prebendary of St. Paul's, 1692; superinten ! dent of the choir, 1698-1739; sacrist, 1699; the Sam of Henry Aldrich's famous smoking catch; published ser I inon on The Usefulness of Church Musick 1696.
^ George Estye (1566–1601), divine; B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1581; fellow; M.A., 1584; B.D., 1591; preacher of St. Mary's, Bury St. Edmunds, 1598 1601; author of Calvinistic expositions of scripture. I
^ Ethelbald or Aethelbald (d. 757), king of Mercia, 716; overlonl as far north as the Humber; invaded Wessex, 733; defeated at Burford by the revolted Outhred of Wessex, 752; liberal to the church; slain at Seccandune (Seckington).
^ Ethelbald or Aethelbald (d. 860), king of the West-Saxona; supplanted his father, -,Ethelwulf, 856: married Judith, his father's widow, 858; said, without foundation, to have separated from her at St. Swithun's ! instance.
^ Ethelbert, Aethelberht, or Aedilberct (552 ?-616), king of Kent, 660: defeated by the West-Saxons, 568; married Bertha, daughter of the Frankish king, Charibert, giving her St. Martin's Church, Canterbury: baptised by St. Augustine, 597: promulgated a code of In ws,according to the Roman fashion; built a cathedral at Rochester.
^ Ethelbert, Aethelberht, Aegelbriht, or Albert, Saint (d. 794), king of the East- Angles; beheaded, by command of Offa, king of the Mercians, 794, according to one legend, through the machinations of Cynethryth, Offa's queen, who suspected him of designs on Mercia; venerated at Hereford as patron of the cathedral,
^ Ethelbert or Aethelberht (d. 866), king of the West-Saxons and Kentishmen; king of Wessex, 860, of Kent, according to Asser, 855: harassed by Danish marauders.
^ Ethelburga or Aethelburh, Saint (d. 676?), abbess of Barking: appointed abbess of Barking by her brother, Erkenwald, bishop of London.
^ Saint Etheldreda (630?–679), queen of Northumbria and abbess of Ely; married Tonbert, prince of the fen-men, 652, and, subsequently, Egfrid, son of Oswy of Northumbria; disowned marriage duties; induced by Wilfrid to enter a monastery; founded an abbey at Ely; consecrated abbess of Ely, 673; eulogised by Baeda. The present cathedral of Ely was subsequently erected over her tomb.
^ Ethelfleda, Aethelflaed , or Aelfled (d.918?), the lady of the Mercians; daughter of King Alfred; married to AEthelred, ealdorman of the Mercians, e. 880: made alliance with Welsh and Scots of Ireland; inspired defence of Chester against Ingwar, a Norwegian chief who had been given land in the neighbourhood; 'Lady of the Mercians' after Aethelred's death in 912; built fortresses in Mercia; stormed Brecknock, 916. rxviii. 21
^ Ethelfrid, Aethelfrith, or Aedilfrid (d. 617), king of the Northumbrians, 593; called Flesaurs; defeated Scots, British, and Irish at Dtegsastane, 603: defeated Welsh near Chester, 613; defeated and slain by Raedwald of East Anglia.
^ Ethelgar, Aethelgar, or Algar (d. 990), archbishop of Canterbury; abbot of Newminster (Hyde Abbey), near Winchester, when JEthelwold expelled the secular clergy, 964; bishop of Selsey, 980; archbishop of Canterbury, 988.
^ Ethelgiva (d. 956). See Aelfgifu.
^ Ethelhard, Aethelheard, Adelard, or Edelred (d. 805), archbishop of Canterbury ; elected archbishop of Canterbury, 791; consecrated, 793, the delay being due to the Kentish men's dislike of a prelate interested in maintaining the primacy of Li ch field; refugee at the Mercian court, 797-8; recognised as metropolitan, 803.
^ Ethelmaer, Elmer, or Aelmer (,l. 1137), also called Herlewin, ascetic writer; prior of Christ Church, Canterbury, 1128; supported Archbishop William of Corbeuil against the convent, 1136; wrote De exercitiis spiritualis vitae, also a volume of letters destroyed in the Cottonian Library fire, 1731.
^ Ethelmaer (d. 1260). See Aymer de Valence.
^ Ethelnoth, Aethelnoth, Lat. Egelnodus or Ednodus (d. 1038), archbishop of Canterbury ; related i to kings of Wessex; one of Onut's chaplains; archbishop of Canterbury, 1020; supported Harthacnut; called the Good
^ Ethelred or Aethelred I (d. 871), king of the West-Saxons and Kentishmen; king, 866; saved Mercia from Danish invaders, 868: defeated by the Danes near Reading, 871; routed the Danes at Ashdown in a battle supposed to be commemorated by the White Horse at Uffington; mortally wounded at Merton..
^ Ethelred or Aethelred (d. 889), archbishop of Canterbury; monk of Christ Church, Canterbury: archbishop, 870-89.
^ Ethelred or Aethelred II, the Unready (i.e. the resourceless) (968?-1016), king of England; son of Eadgar; came to the crown (978) through the murder of his brother Edward the Martyr; induced by covetousness anil the representations of his favourite, thelsine, to ravage the pee of Rochester. 986; bought the alliance of the Norwegian invader, Olaf Tryggvapon, 991; defeated Olafs fleet, 992; bought off an attack by Olaf and Swend, 994; published laws regulating bail and surety and (997) a police code; unsuccessfully invaded Cotentin, 1000: married Emma, daughter of Richard the Fearless, duke of Normandy; massacred the Danes settled in England, 1002; attacked by Malcolm, king of Scots, 1006; promulgated code of military regulations, 1008; ordered the whole nation to be called out against the Danes; crippled by Danish sympathies of his favourite, Edric or Eadric Streona; bought off the Danes for 48,000?., 1012; fled to Rouen (1013") after Swend of Denmark had been formally chosen king of England, 1013; brought back to England by Olaf and the witan after Swend's death, 1014; expelled King Cnut, 1014; implicated in the assassination of the Danish thegns Sigeferth and Morkere, 1015.
^ Ethelred, Aethelred, Ailred, or Aelred (1109?-1166), historical writer; in the service of Prince Henry of Scotland; abbot of Revesby: abbot of Rievaulx, 1146-66: brought about meeting of Henry II of England and Louis VII of France with Pope Alexander III at Tonci, 1162; composed rhythmical prose eulogy of St. Cuthbert; missionary to Galloway Picts, whose chief he persuaded to become a monk; canonised, 1191. His works include Vita et Miracula S. Edwardi Regis et Confessoris De Bello Standardii and Chronicon ab Adam ad Henricum I
^ Ethelstan, Aethelstan, or Aelfstan (d. 946), ealdorman of East Anglia, c. 929; member of the royal house of Wessex; nicknamed the Half-king by reason of his great power; became a monk at Glastoubury, 956.
^ Ethelwerd or Aethelweard (d. 998?), chronicler; styled himself Patricius Consul Fabius Quaestor (ealdorman) in his Latin chronicle; possibly the ealdorman who persuaded Olaf of Norway to conclude the treaty of Andover with yEthelred II, 994; compiled a history extending from the creation to 973 A.D., first edited by Savile, 1596.
^ Ethelwine, Aethelwine, or Allwyn (d. 992), ealdorman of East Anglia: son of the ealdorman Ethelstan; ealdorman, 962; built and endowed Benedictine monastery in the isle of Ramsey in Huntingdonshire at the suggestion of Oswald, bishop of Worcester, 968; abbot, though a layman, with Oswald; defended the monasteries of East Anglia against the Mercian faction, 975; chief ealdorman, 983.
^ Ethelwold, Aethelwold, or Alelwold, Saint (908?–984), bishop of Winchester; dean of Glastonbury Abbey; refouuded a monastic house at Abingdon, c. 964; introduced the strict Benedictine rule from Fleury; bishop of Winchester, 963; forcibly expelled the secular clerks from Winchester, Ohertsey, Milton, and Ely, with King Eadgar's support; narrowly escaped being poisoned; rebuilt church of Peterborough; built a new cathedral at Winchester; restored the nunnery at Winchester: author of a treatise on the circle and translator of theRegularis concordia
^ Ethelwulf, Aethelwulf, Adelwlf or Athulf (d. 858), king of the West-Saxons and Kentishmen; bishop of Winchester; made king of Kent, Sussex, and Surrey by his father, Ecgberht, 828; king of Weseex, 839; defeated by the Danes in a naval engagement, 842; routed the Danes at Ockley, 852; freed a tenth part of the folclands from all burdens except the trinoda necessitas, c. 854; made a pilgrimage to Rome, possibly originating the payment of Peter's pence; married Judith, daughter of Charles the Bald, at Verberie, 856: declined to make war upoii his rebellious son Etbelbald, and allowed him V-sex; by his will charged every ten hides of his property with the support of a poor man (857 ?).
^ George Etherege or Ethrygg, in Latin Edrycus (fl. 1588), classical scholar; scholar of Corpus Christ! College, Oxford, 1534; probationer-fellow, 1539; M.A., 1543: M.B., 1545; regius professor of Greek, 1547-1550 and 1564-9: deprived as a catholic, 1559. His works include a Latin translation of part of Justin Martyr.
^ Sir George Etherege (1635?–1691), dramatist : employed by Charles II and James II on diplomatic missions; knighted; produced Comical Revenge 1664, She would if she could 1667, and The Man of Mode 1676, three comedies; helped to popularise rhyme in comedy.
^ John Wesley Etheridge (1804–1866), Wesleyan minister; second minister in the Brighton circuit, 1831: Ph.D. Heidelberg, 1847; principal work, The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch, &c. 1862 and 1865.
^ James Etkins (1613?–1687). See James Atkine.
^ William Etty (1787–1849), painter; studied in the Royal Academy school at Somerset House; first exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1811; travelled on the continent; made a great impression with Cleopatra 1821; R.A., 1828; sold his Joan of Arc pictures for 2,500?. Some minor works are in National Gallery, London, and at South Kensington.
^ Eugene (d. 618). See Eoghan.
^ Eugenius I, unhistorical king of Scotland, (according to Buchanan) thirty-ninth king after Fergus Mac Ferchard.
^ Eugenius II, (according to Buchanan) forty-first king of Scotland; supposed son of Fergus Mac Earc.
^ Eugenius III, (according to Buchanan) forty-sixth king of Scotland.
^ Eugenius IV, (according to Buchanan) fifty-first king of Scotland; identified with Eochoid Buidhe (reigned 606-29).
^ Eugenius V, (according to Buchanan) fifty-sixth king of Scotland; identified with Eochoid Rinnenhail (c. 670).
^ Eugenius VI,(. 650), (according to Buchanan) fifty-seventh king of Scotland; also called Eogan and Ewen; contemporary with Adamnan.
^ Eugenius VII , (according to Buchanan) fifty-ninth king of Scotland; reigned 680-97.
^ Eugenius VIII, (according to Buchanan) sixtysecond king of Scotland; reigned 761-4.
^ Philalethes Eugenius (pseudonym). See Thomas Vaughan, 1622–1666.
^ Laurence Eusden (1688-1730), poet laureate; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1706; M.A., 1712; fellow, 1712; given the laureateship (1718) by the Duke of Newcastle, whose marriage he bad celebrated, 1717; rector of Coningsby; the L. E. of Pope and Swift's treatise on bathos; published metrical panegyrics and translations from Claudian and Statius.
^ Eustace ((. 1215), bishop of Ely : vice-chancellor, keeper of the royal seal, and (1197) chancellor: dean of Salisbury; bishop of Ely, 1197; sent by Richard I to remonstrate with Philip Augustus of France on alleged infringements of the five yearspeace; one of three prelates selected by Pope Innocent III to urge King John to recognise Stephen Langton as primate, 1208; pronounced the interdict and escaped, 1208; associated with Archbishop Langton in procuring from Rome sentence of deposition on King John.
^ James Eustace , third Viscount Baltinglas (f. 1585); headed an Irish catholic insurrection in 1680; escaped to Sim in; outlawed and attainted; died in Spain.
^ John Chetwode Eustace (1762?-18l6), classical antiquary; took the habit at St. Gregory's Convent, Douay; priest: friend of Edmund Burke; recorded hi* continental travels in A Tour through Italy 1813, written in a latitudinariun spirit
^ Roland Fitz Eustace, Baron Portlester (d. 1496), lord- treasurer in Ireland, 1454 (confirmed 1461): created Baron Portlester, 1461: twice accused of treason falsely; chancellor in Ireland, 1472-82 and 1488-96: took part in the Lambert Simnel rebellion, 1487.
^ Abel Evans (1679–1737), divine and poet; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool; probationer-fellow, St. John's College, Oxford, 1692; M.A., 1699; D.D., 1711; expelled from chaplaincy of his college, but reinstated by Duchess of Maryborough's influence; famous for his satire on The Apparition: a dialogue betwixt the Devil and a Doctor concerning the rights of the Christian Church 1710; epigrammatist.
^ Anne Evans (1820–1870), poet and musical composer; daughter of Arthur Benoni Evans.
^ Arise Evans (b. 1607). See Rhys Evans.
^ Arthur Benoni Evans (1781–1854), miscellaneous writer; son of Lewis Evans (1755-1827); M.A. St. John's College, Oxford, 1820; D.D., 1828; professor of classics and history in the Royal Military College, 1805-22; held country curacies; head-master of Market Bosworth grammar school, 1829-54. His works include Leicestershire Words, Phrases, and Proverbs 1848, and poems and sermons.
^ Benjamin Evans (1740–1821), Welsh congregational minister; published abolitionist and sectarian works in Welsh.
^ Brooke Evans (1797–1862), nickel refiner ; partner with a gunmaker in New York; indigo planter and merchant in Central America; amateur navigator; associated with one Askin in a venture for refining nickel from nickelspeiss; built works at Birmingham, 1835; obtained nickel from nickel-ore containing cobalt.
^ Caleb Evans (1831–1886), geologist ; educated at University College School; clerk in the chancery pay office, 1852-82; F.G.S., 1867; first English geologist to divide Croydou and Oxted limestone into zones.
^ Charles Smart Evans (1778–1849), vocalist and composer; gentleman of Chapel Royal: alto singer in the chorus of the Ancient Concerts of 1798; composed part-songs, motetts, and aMagnificat
^ Christmas Evans (1766–1838), one of the great Welsh preachers; originally a farm labourer; baptist minister in Anglesey, 1792-1826, ruling autocratically: called the Bunyan of Wales; his sermons published in Welsh.
^ Cornelius Evans (. 1648), impostor ; a native of Marseilles; impersonated Charles, prince of Wales, at Sandwich, 1648; escaped from Newgate, 1648.
^ Daniel Evans (1774–1835), independent minister in North Wales, 1796-1835; published Welsh memoirs and sectarian works.
^ Daniel Evans (1792–1846), Welsh poet ; commonly called Daniel Du o Ceredigion; fellow of Jesus College, Oxford; M.A., 1817; B.D., 1824; took orders; committed suicide, 1846; published Welsh poems,
^ David Morier Evans (1819–1874), financial journalist; assistant city correspondent on theTimes started the Hour 1873; bankrupt on its failure; published financial works.
^ Edward Evans ( rf. 1615), divine ; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford: M.A., 1602; fellow, 1595-1604; published sermons, 1616.
^ Edward Evans (1716–1798), Welsh poet and bard of Druidic descent; pastor at Aberdare, 1772-98.
^ Edward Evans (1789–1835), printseller ; published Catalogue of a Collection of Engraved Portraits.
^ Edward David Evans (1818–1860), printseller ; son of Edward Evans (1789-1835).
^ Evan Evans (1731–1789), Welsh poet and antiquary: studied at Merton College, Oxford; took orders; embodied his researches inSome Specimens of the... Antient Welsh Bards, translated into English 1764; published one English and several Welsh poems; granted an annuity by Paul 1'auton of Anglesey on condition of bequeathing him his manuscripts.
^ Evan Evans (1804–1886), founder and pastor (1881-6) of the first Welsh church in Arkansas, U.S.A.; known as Evans Bach Nantyglo; published nonconformist treatises in Welsh.
^ Evan Berber Evans (1836–1896), Welsh divine : studied at Normal College, Swansea, and Memorial College, Brecon; ordained pastor of Libanus Church, Morriston, 1862; pastor of Salem Church, Carnarvon, 1865-94; lecturer on homiletics at Bala-Bangor Congregational College, 1891: became principal, 1894; editor of Y Dysgedydd The Instructor), 1880-96: popular preacher.
^ Sir Frederick John Owen Evans (1815–1885), hydrographer; second-class volunteer in the navy, 1828; surveyed the Coral Sea, the great barrier reef, and Torres Straits, 1841-6: published, when superintendent of the compass department, a Report on Compass Deviations in the Royal Navy 1860; captain, 1872; hydrographer to the admiralty, 1874-84; K.C.B., 1881.
^ George Evans (1630?–1702), antiquary ; fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge; canon of Windsor, 1660; D.D. Cambridge, 1665: his collections on the history of St. George's Chapel printed in Ashmole's Berkshire 1719.
^ Sir George de Lacy Evans (1787–1870), general ; ensign, 1807; served against Amir Khan, 1807; lieutenant, 1809; served in Peninsula; twice wounded before New Orleans, 1814 and 1815; engaged at Waterloo, 1815; lieutenant-colonel by brevet, 1815; M.P., Rye, 1831, Westminster, 1833: commanded British legion aiding Christina of Spain against Don Carlos, 1835-7; rendered great services to the Spanish government at Bilbao, Heruani, and elsewhere; K.O.B., 1837; grand cross of St. Ferdinand and Charles III; M.P., Westminster, 1846, 1852, 1857, and 1859-65; repulsed sortie from Sebastopol, 1854; G.C.B., 1855; honorary D.O.L. Oxford; general, 1861.
^ John Evans (d. 1724), bishop of Meath; B.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1671; minister at Fort St. George, Madras, 1692; engaged in merchandise; bishop of Bangor, 1702; opposed the peace, 1712; bishop of Meath, 1716-24.
^ John Evans (1680?–1730), divine; congregational minister at Wrexham, 1702-4; sole pastor of the Hand Alley meeting-house, Westminster, 1716; honorary D.D. Edinburgh and Aberdeen: completed part of a history of nonconformity from the Reformation to the civil war.
^ John Evans (1693?–1734?), actor; joint-manager of Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin.
^ John Evans (d. 1779), curate of Portsmouth; published a Harmony of the Four Gospels in Welsh, 1765.
^ John Evans (. 1812), author; B.A., Jesus College, Oxford, 1792; author of North Wales 1812, and kindred works.
^ John Evans (1767–1827), baptist minister; matriculated at King's College, Aberdeen, 1787; M.A. Edinburgh; general baptist pastor, Worship Street, London, 1792-1827; F.S.A., 1803-25: LL.D. Brown University, 1819; published miscellaneous writings.
^ John Evans (1774–1828), printer: printed and edited the Bristol Observer 1819-23; published work on psalmody, 1823, and a history of Bristol, 1824; killed by the sudden falling of the Brunswick Theatre, Well Street.
^ John Evans (d. 1832), miscellaneous writer ; kept private schools in Bristol and London; published essays and topographical notices of Bristol.
^ John Evans, of Llwynffortun (1779–1847), Welsh methodist; methodist deacon, 1808; curate in the episcopal church; returned to methodism: a famous preacher.
^ John Evans (1814–1875), better known as I. D. Ffraid, Welsh poet and Calviuistic methodist miuiter ; published poems, 1835, and a History of the Jews 1830, in Welsh; translated the Night Thoughts and Paradise Lost into Welsh.
^ John Evans , 'Eglwysbach', (1840–1897), Welsh Wesleyan divine; shepherd; ordained, 1865; pastor at Liverpool, 1866-9, and 1872-8, Bangor, 1869-72, and 1886-9, Oswestry, 1889-90, and London, 1878-86 and 18901893; member of Legal hundred of Wesleyan conference, 1884, and chairman of South Wales district, 1895; organised and conductedforward movement mission in Glamorgan: frequently styledthe Welsh Spurgeon; published biographical and religious writings in Welsh.
^ Lewis Evans (fl. 1574), controversialist; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1557; B.D., 1662; offended Bishop Grindal by his zealous Catholicism, and fled the country; published at Antwerp an attack on protestantism, 1565; published attacks on Romanism after 1568.
^ Lewis Evans (1755–1827), mathematician ; matriculated at Merton College, Oxford, 1774; vicar of Froxfleld, Wiltshire, 1788-1827; first mathematical master, Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, 1799-1820; F.R.S., 1823; F.A.S.; contributed to Philosophical Magazine.
^ Philip Evans (1645–1679), Jesuit; studied at St. Omer; missioner in North Wales, 1675; executed during Popish plot persecution.
^ Rhys Evans or RICE (b. 1607), fanatic; adopted name of Arise Evans; independent; imprisoned on the charge that he had declared himself to be Christ, 1647: petitioned Cromwell to restore Charles II, 1653; published mystical tracts.
^ Richard Evans (1784–1871), portrait-painter and copyist; painted in Rome a fresco which he afterwards found hanging at South Kensington as an antique; exhibited portraits at the Royal Academy from 1816.
^ Robert Harding Evans (1778–1857), bookseller and auctioneer; son of Thomas Evans (1742-1784); educated at Westminster; sold the Duke of Roxburghe's library, 1812; edited Thomas Evans'sOld Ballads 1810, and other works.
^ Robert Wilson Evans (1789–1866), archdeacon of Westmoreland and author; educated at Shrewsbury and Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow, 1813; M.A.,1814: B.D., 1842; archdeacon of Westmoreland, 1856-65. His works include Tales of the Ancient British Church 1840.
^ Samuel Evans (d. 1835?), landscape-painter: taught the daughter of George III drawing: drawingI master at Eton.
^ Theophilus Evans (1694–1767), divine ; educated ! at Shrewsbury; clergyman in South Wales, 1728-67. published a History of Modern Enthusiasm 1752 and 1759, and an uncritical relation of Welsh antiquities.
^ Thomas Evans (d. 1633), poet: M.A. Corpus Christ! College, Cambridge, 1616; B.D., 1628; rector of Little Holland, 1618-33: published a poem, (Edipus 1615, which is now very rare.
^ Thomas Evans (1742–1784), bookseller; edited, among other works, Shakespeare's Poems 1774, and Prior's Works 1779; published collection of Old Ballads 1777.
^ Thomas Evans (1739–1803), bookseller; publisher of the Morning Chronicle; printed in his London Packet letter reflecting on Oliver Goldsmith and Miss Horneck, 1773.
^ Thomas Evans (Tomos Glyn Cothi) (1766–1833), Welsh poet; pilloried and imprisoned for singing a Welsh song On Liberty 1797; minister at Aberdare, 1811-33; published theological works.
^ Thomas Evans (Telynog) (1840–1865), Welsh poet; sailor, and subsequently collier; his poetical works collected, 1866.
^ Thomas Simpson Evans (1777–1818), mathematician; son of Lewis Evans (1755-1827); assistant at Greenwich Observatory, 1800-5: mathematical master at Woolwich, 1803-10, at Christ's Hospital, 1813-18: LL.D.; translated Cagnoli's Trigonometria piana e sferica.
^ William Evans (d. 1720?), presbyterian divine; pastor in Carmarthenshire, 1688-1718; founder of the Welsh academy system; published theological work in Welsh, 1707.
^ William Evans (d. 1776?), Welsh lexicographer ; presbyterian minister; compiled English-Welsh dictionary, 1771.
^ William Evans (1811?–1868), landscape-painter : styled Evans of Bristol; his best-known work Traeth Mawr
^ William Evans (1798–1877), water-colour painter: son of Samuel Evans; exhibited at the Old Society of Painters in Water-colours from 1828; drawing-master at Eton, 1818-27; house-master at Eton, 1840-77; helped to reform the school.
^ Sir William David Evans (1767–1821), lawyer ; educated at Harrow; attorney, 1789: barrister, Gray's Inn, 1794: stipendiary magistrate for Manchester, 18131818; knighted, 1819: recorder of Bombay, 1819-21: translated Pothier's Law of Obligations and Contracts 1806, and wrote legal works.
^ William Edward Evans (1801–1869), divine and naturalist; educated at Shrewsbury; scholar of Clare Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1826; prebendary and praelector of Hereford, 1846; canon, 1861; published The Song of the Birds 1846.
^ Edward Evanson (1731–1805), divine: M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1753; incumbent of Longdon; prosecuted in the consistory court for unitarianism, 1771; chaplain to Wedderburne, the solicitor-general, 1775; assailed trinitarianism in A Letter to Dr. Hurd 1777; resigned Longdon, 1778; established school at Mitcham, 1778. His works include The Dissonance of the four... Evangelists 1792.
^ John Eveleigh (1748–1814), provost of Oriel College, Oxford: B.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1770; fellow of Oriel, 1770; M.A., 1772; B.D.,1782; D.D.,1783; dean of Oriel, 1775-81; provost, 1781; vicar of St. Mary's, Oxford, 1778-81, and of Aylesford, 1782-92; prebendary of Rochester, 1781.
^ Sir George Augustus William Shuckburgh-Evelyn See Shuckburgh-Evelyn.
^ John Evelyn , the younger (1655–1699), translator; son of John Evelyn (1620-1706); entered Trinity College, Oxford, 1667; admitted of the Middle Temple, 1672; a commissioner of revenue in Ireland, 16921696; translated Rapinus's Latin poem Of Gardens 1673.
^ John Evelyn (1620–1706), virtuoso; student at the Middle Temple, 1637; fellow commoner at Balliol. 1637; joined Charles I, 1642; travelled; boughtrare tables of veins and nerves at Padua, 1645; travelling companion of the poet Waller, 1646: translated La Mothe Le Vayer'sOf Liberty and Servitude 1649; settled at Sayes Court, Deptford, 1653: proposed to Robert Boyle a scheme which was afterwards developed into the Koyal Society; member of council of foreign plantations, 1671; a commissioner for privy seal, 1686-7; secretary to Royal Society, K.72; his property at Sayes Court wantonly desecrated by Peter the Great when tenant, 1698; appointed Bentley to first Boyle lectureship; a recognised authority on numismatics, architecture, and landscape gardening. His works include Sculptura 1662, Sylva 1664, andA Character of England 1659. HisDiary was first published in 1818 and 1819.
^ Everard (1083?–1150). See Eborard.
^ John Everard (fl. 1611), Roman catholic student, converted to Catholicism at Clare Hall, Cambridge: probationer in the English College at Rome, 1610: published Britanno-Komanvs (autobiography), 1611.
^ John Everard (1575?–1650?), divine and mystic : M.A. Clare College, Cambridge, 1607: D.D., 1619; imprisoned for censuring Spanish outrages in the Indies, 1621 and 1622; deprived by the high commission court of his living at Fairstead, 1636; fined 1,000l., 1639; translated thePomanderof Hermes Trismegistus, 1660. His 'Parai'le of Two Drops reasoning togetherwas repubIibedinl866.
^ Mathias Everard (d. 1857), major-general; ensign, 1804; captured by the French, 1806; led the forlorn hope at Monte Video, 1807: fought at Ooruna ami siege of Flushing, 1809: commanded flank battalion at storming of Bhurtpre, 1825; C.B. and brevet lieutenantcolonel; major-general, 1851: knight of Hanoverian order.
^ Robert Everard (. 1664), Roman catholic writer; captain during the civil war; published work vindicating his conversion to Catholicism, 1664.
^ Thomas Everard alias Everett (1560–1633), Jesuit; studied at Cambridge and (1592-3) at Rheims; socius and master of Jesuit novices at Louvain; missioner in England, 1604 and 1617; banished, 1621; subsequently missioner in Suffolk; translated Latin and Italian religious works.
^ Silvester de Everdon (d. 1254), bishop of Carlisle: held livings in Northamptonshire from 1219; keeper of great seal, 1244: archdeacon of Chester, 1245; bishop of Carlisle, 1246: justice itinerant, 1251-2; joined other bishops in enforcing Magna Carta, 1253.
^ Sir George Everest (1790–1866), military engineer: East India cadet, 1806; made survey of Java for Sir Stamford Raffles, 1813-15; superintendent of survey, Hyderabad, 1823: surveyor-general of India; lieutenant-colonel, 1838: C.B., 1861; knighted, 1861; F.R.A.S. and F.R.G.S.: published two accounts of measurements on the Meridional Arc of India, 1830 and 1847. Mount Everest is named after him.
^ James Everett (1784–1872), miscellaneous writer ; expelled from Wesleyan conference and ministry, 1849, as author of Wesleyan Takingsand the suspected author of the Fly Sheetsof 1845 and after: established United Methodist Free Church 1857; first president of secessionist assembly, 1857; published memoirs, brochures, and histories of methodism.
^ Allen Edward Everitt (1824–1882), artist ; executed water-colour drawings of mediseval remains in the midlands, Belgium, France, and Germany; hon. secretary of Royal Society of Artists of Birmingham, 1858-82, of archaeological section of Midland Institute, 1870.
^ John of Eversden or Everisden (fl. 1300), chronicler; cellarer of the Benedictine abbey of Bury St. Edmunds, 1300; proctor for his abbot, 1307; hisSeries temporum ah initio mundi originally supposed a continuation of Florence of Worcester.
^ Viscount Eversley (1794–1888). See Charles Shaw-Lefkvre.
^ Hugh of Evesham (d. 1287), cardinal; called Atratus, Il Nero, and Le Noir; studied at Oxford and Cambridge and in France and Italy; nicknamed 'Phoenix'; archdeacon of Worcester, 1275: prebendary of York, 1279; physician to Pope Martin IV, 1280; cardinal, 1281; author of Canones Medicinales Distinctions predicabiles and other works.
^ Walter Op Evesham (fl. 1320). See Walter.
^ Alexander Charles Ewald (1842–1891), historical writer: clerk in public record office, 1861; senior clerk, 1890; published popular historical works and assisted in compilation of a calendar and precis of Norman Rolls Henry V
^ Christian Ferdinand Ewald (1802–1874), missionary; took Anglican orders, 1836; laboured in Jerusalem for London Society for Propagating the Gospel among the Jews from 1841.
^ Joseph Ewart (1759–1792), diplomatist; educated at Dumfries and Edinburgh University: envoy plenipotentiary to Prussia, 1788-91; succeeded in getting the Prince of Orange re-established as stadtholder; arranged marriage treaty between Duke of York and Frederick William's daughter.
^ William Ewart (1798–1869), politician; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; Newdigate prizeman, 1820; B.A., 1821; barrister, Middle Temple, 1827; M.P., Bletchingley, 1828-30, Liverpool, 1830,1831, 1832, and 1835, Wigan, 1839, and Dumfries burghs, 1841-1868; free trader; brought about an act for restricting i-apital punishment, 1837; carried bill establishing free public libraries, 1850; published speeches.
^ John W. Ewbank (1799?–1847), painter; foundation memler of Iloyal Scottish Academy, 1830; painted historical pieces and marine subjects.
^ Thomas Ewbank (1792–1870), writer on practical mechanics; manufacturer of lead, tin, and copper tubing in New York, 1819-36; related his travels in Life in Brazil 1856; commissioner of patents, 1849-52; president of American Ethnological Society; published The World a Workshop 1855, and works on physics and hydraulics.
^ John Ewen (1741–1821), supposed author of 'o weel may the boatie row'; hardware retailer in Aberdeen; left 14,000l. by a will (disallowed by the House of Lords) to found an educational charity in Montrose.
^ Maurice Ewens alias Newport (1611–1687). See Newport.
^ Isaac Ewer, Ewers or Ewres (d. 1650), regicide; parliamentarian colonel of foot; custodian of Charles I in Hurst Castle; signed death-warrant, 1649.
^ John Ewer (d. 1774), bishop of Bangor; educated at Eton; B.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1728; fellow; M.A., 1732; canon of Windsor, 1738; prebendary of Hereford, 1751; D.D., 1756; bishop of Llandaff, 1761-8, of Bangor, 1768-74; preached against the American colonists as profligates, 1767.
^ William Howell Ewin (1731?–1804), usurer ; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1756; LL.D., 1766; J.P. for Cambridgeshire; suspended from his degrees by the vice-chancellor, 1778, for lending money at usury to a student; restored in 1779, there being no university statute against his offence; deprived of his commission, 1781.
^ Greville Ewing (1767–1841), congregational minister; studied at Edinburgh; first secretary, Edinburgh Missionary Society, 1796; forbidden by the East India Company to go as missionary to India; abandoned church of Scotland; superintended congregational charge at Glasgow, 1799-1836; tutor of the Glasgow Theological Academy, 1809-36; published Greek grammar and lexicon for New Testament students, 1801.
^ Juliana Horatia Ewing (1841–1885), writer for the young; nee Gatty; her first story published in the Monthly Packet 1861; produced Melchior's Dream 1862; started Aunt Judy's Magazine, 1866; married Major Alexander Ewing, 1867; wrote many soldier-stories.
^ Dukes of Exeter . See HOLLAND, JOHN, 1352?1400; BEAUFORT, SIR THOMAS, d, 1427; HOLLAND, JOHN, 1395-1447.
^ Marquis of Exeter (1467–1538). See Henry Courtenay.
^ Marchioness of Exeter (d. 1558). See Gertrude Courtenay
^ Exeter first Earl of (1542–1622). See Thomas Cecil.
^ John of Exeter (d. 1268).
^ Joseph of Exeter (. 1190).
^ Stephen of Exeter (fl. 1265).
^ Walter of Exeter (. 1301), Cluniac monk ; wrote a variant of the Guy of Warwick romance.
^ William of Exeter (. 1330?), author of 'Determinatioiies against Ockiiam; D.D.; canon of Exeter.
^ William of Exeter (ft. 1360?), physician to Queen Phihppa; precentor of Lincoln.
^ William of Exeter (d. 1365?), author of sermons on the Beatitudes.
^ Thomas Exley (d. 1855?), mathematician ; M.A.; joined the Rev. William Moore Johnson in bringing out The Imperial Encyclopedia 1812. His other writings include Physical Optics 1834.
^ William Exmew (1507?–1535), Carthusian ; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge: steward of the London Charterhouse, 1535 (?); hanged for denying the king's supremacy, 1535.
^ Exmouth first Viscount (1757–1833). See Edward Pellew.
^ Charles Exshaw (d. 1771), painter and engraver; first exhibited, 1764; etched mainly after Rembrandt.
^ John Exton (1600?–1665?), admiralty lawyer; M.A. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1623; LL.D., 1634; admiralty judge, 1649-65; published The Maritime Dicaeologie 16C4.
^ Sir Thomas Exton (1631–1688), admiralty lawyer ; son of John Exton; educated at Merchant Taylors J School and Trinity Hall, Cambridge: LL.D., 1662; member of Gray's Inn, 1648; knighted; admiralty judge before 1678; advocate-general; M.P. Cambridge University, 1679, 1881, and 1685; master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1676-88.
^ Charles Eyre (1784–1864), miscellaneous writer; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1807; took orders; Unitarian; newspaper proprietor at Colchester; committed suicide. His Fall of Adam (1852) is an amended edition of Paradise Lost. 1
^ Edmund John Eyre (1767–1816), dramatist; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; played Jaques at Drury Lane, 1806; published Maid of Normandy (tragedy), 1794, and Consequences (comedy), 1793.
^ Sir Giles Eyre (d. 1695), judge ; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1661; recorder of Salisbury; M.P., Salisbury, 1688-9; justice of the king's bench and knighted, 1689.
^ Sir James Eyre (1734–1799), judge; scholar of Winchester, 1747; matriculated at St. John's College, Oxford, 1749; treasurer of Gray's Inn, 1766: recorder of London, 1763; counsel for Wilkes in Wilkes v. Wood, 1763; refused to present to the king London's remonstrance on the exclusion of Wilkes from parliament, 1770; knighted, 1772; president of court of exchequer, 1787; chief commissioner of great seal, 1792-3; chief-justice of common pleas, 1793.
^ James Eyre (1748–1813), philologist; educated at Catharine Hall, Cambridge; head-master of Solihull grammar school; country clergyman; annotated Johnson's English Dictionary (in manuscript).
^ Sir James Eyre (1792–1857), physician; M.R.C.S., 1814; mayor of Hereford, 1830; knighted, 1830; M.B. Edinburgh, 1834; M.R.C.P., 1836; wrote medical works.
^ John Eyre (1764–1803), evangelical clergyman; dissenting minister; matriculated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1778; priest, 1779; minister of Homerton, 1785; helped to found London Missionary Society, 1795; originated scheme (1796) which developed into Hackney Theological College (opened, 1803).
^ Sir Robert Eyre (1666–1735), judge ; son of Sir Samuel Eyre: barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1689; recorder of Salisbury, 1696; M.P., Salisbury, 1698-1710; solicitor-general, 1708; manager of Sacheverell's impeachment; judge of queen's bench, 1710; knighted, 1710; lord chief baron, 1723; lord chief- justice of common pleas, 1726.
^ Sir Samuel Eyre (1633–1698), judge ; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1661; justice of king's bench, 1694; upheld the murderer Knollys's claim to privilege of peerage, 1698.
^ Thomas Eyre (1670–1715), Jesuit ; student at St. Omer; chaplain to James II at St. Germain; professor of theology, Liege, 1701-4; professed Jesuit, 1706; socius to his provincial, 1712.
^ Thomas Eyre (1748–1810), Roman catholic divine; professor at the English college, Douay; president of Crook Hall, 1795-1808, subsequently removing it to Ushaw; edited John Goter's Spiritual Works 1790.
^ Sir Vincent Eyre (1811–1881), general ; gazetted to Bengal establishment, 1828; commissary of ordnance to Cabul field force, 1839; surrendered as hostage to Akbar Khan, 1842; rescued by Sir George Pollock, 1843: :ited to command artillery ofGwalior contingent," 1844; founded Esapore, colony for destitute families of Portuguese natives: defeated a lanre native force, 1857; took part in the relief of Lucknow, 1857: lieutenantcolonel and C.B., 1857; lieutenant-general, 1863; K.C.S.I., 1867.
^ Sir William Eyre (1805–1859), major-general ; educated at Rugby; ensign, 1823; received company in 73rd regiment, 1829; major, 1839; served in first Kaffir war, 1847; lieutenant-colonel, 1847; defeated Kaffirs at Quibi?ui River and Committee's Hill, 1851; C.B., aidede-camp to the queen, and colonel, 1852; fought in Crimean war; major-general, 1854; K.C.B., 1855; decorated by France and Turkey, 1856.
^ Bernard Eyston (1628–1709), Franciscan friar ; called in religion Bernard a Sum-to Francisco; lector of divinity at St. Bonaventure's Convent, Douay; D.D.; died at Douay; wrote The Christian Duty compared 1684.
^ Charles Eyston (1667–1721), antiquary; chief work, a historv of Glastonbury abbey and town, 1716.
^ Baron Eythin. See James King.
^ Robert William Eyton (1815–1881), antiquary; educated at Rugby; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1845; rector of Ryton, 1841-63; maintained in Key to Domesday 1877, fiscal character of domesday hide of land; published The Antiquities of Shropshire 1861.
^ Stephen Eyton or Edon (fl. 1320?), chronicler; canon of Warter; wrote Acta Edwardi II.
^ Thomas Campbell Eyton (1809–1880), naturalist; correspondent of Agassiz and Darwin; opponent of j Darwinism; his chief works, A History of the Oyster and Oyster Fisheries 1858, and Osteologia Avium 1871-8.
^ Abraham Ezekiel Ezekiel (1757–1806), miniature-painter and scientific optician; engraved portraits,
^ Solomon Ezekiel (1781–1867), Jewish writer ; son of Abraham Ezekiel Ezekiel; settled at Penzance; published letter to Sir Rose Price, which led to suspension of efforts to convert Jews of Penzance to Christianity; published lectures on the lives of Abraham and Isaac, 1844-5.
^ Peter Fabell (fl. 15th cent.), magician and dabbler in alchemy; hero of the Merry Devil of Edmonton, a play, which has been wrongly attributed to Shakespeare (first edition, 1608).
^ Frederick William Faber (1814–1863), superior of the London Oratory; educated at Shrewsbury and Harrow; matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, 1832; scholar of University College, 1834; Newdigate prizeman, 1836: B.A., 1836; fellow of University, 1837; M.A., 1839; rector of Elton, 1842-6: formed catholic community of Brothers of the Will of God, 1845; joined oratory of St. Philip Neri, 1848; established London Oratory, 1849; created D.D. by Pius IX, 1854; friend of Wordsworth and Newman; published poems and devotional treatises.
^ George Stanley Faber (1773–1854), controversialist: scholar of University College, Oxford, 1790; fellow of Lincoln, 1793; M.A., 1796; Bampton lecturer, 1801; B.D., 1803; vicar of Stockton-upon-Tees, 1805-8; master of Sherburn Hospital, 1832-54; prebendary of Salisbury, 1831. Characteristic works are The Origin of Pagan Idolatry a pre-scientific dissertation, 1816, and Letters on Tractarian Secessions to Popery 1846, and 'The Revival of the French Emperorship, anticipated from the Necessity of Prophecy 1852.
^ John Faber , the elder (1660?–1721), draughtsman and mezzotint engraver; native of the Hague; engraved portraits of founders of Oxford (1712) and Cambridge Colleges.
^ John Faber , the younger (1695?-1756), mezzotint engraver; son of John Faber the elder; engraved portraits of Charles II, Ignatius Loyola, and others.
^ Fabricius 3 (.?. 1429). See Alexander Carpenter.
^ Robert Fabyan (d. 1513), chronicler; sheriff of London, 1493; held Newgate and Ludgate against Cornish rebels, 1498; expanded his diary intoThe Concordance of Histories a compilation extending from the arrival of Brutus in England to the death of Henry VII (first printed, 1516; edited by Ellis in 1811).
^ Jean Christophe Faccio (d. 1720), brother of Nicolas Faccio; F.R.S., 1706; described in the 'Philosophical Transactions a solar eclipse which he had observed at Geneva, 1706; died at Geneva,
^ Nicolas Faccio (1664–1753), of Duillier, mathematician and fanatic; citizen of Geneva, 1678; developed Casaini's theory of zodiacal light. 1685; showed how to utilise a ship's motion for grinding corn, sawing, &c.; betrayed conspiracy to kidnap the Prince of Orange, 1686; F.R.S., 1688; befriended by Newton; disparaged Leibnitz for personal reasons, 1699; chief of the French prophets; exposed at Charing Cross as an impostor; wandered into Asia to propagate his theories; chief works Epistola... de mari aeneo Salomonis 1688, and Navigation Improv'd 1728.
^ Fachtna, saint and Bishop (fl. 6th cent.), bishop and abbot of Dairinis Maelaufaidh (Molanna, near Lismore); founded school of Ross (Ros Ailithir); miraculously cured of blindness.
^ Thomas Faed (1826–1900), painter; studied at Edinburgh School of Design; associate of Scottish Academy, 1849; exhibited at Royal Academy, London, from 1851, principally incidents in humble Scottish life; R.A.,
^ Robert Fagan (d. 1816), diplomatist and amateur portrait-painter; consul-general for Sicily and the Ionian islands; purchased from Prince Altieri Claude's Landing of Aeneas and Sacrifice of Apollo which he refused to deliver up to the French authorities, and was consequently imprisoned; succeeded in conveying (1799) the two paintings by Claude to Palermo; exhibited three portraits at the Royal Academy.
^ Sir John Fagg (d. 1701), parliamentarian; colonel : M.P., Rye, 1640: commissioner for Charles I's trial, 16481649; M.P., Sussex, 1664, 1656 (unseated), and 1659; imprisoned for attempting to raise forces in Sussex to support Haslerig and Morley, 1659; state councillor, 1659; created baronet, 1660; M.P., Steyuing, Sussex, 1661-1701.
^ Charles Hilton Fagge (1838-1883), physician; nephew of John Hilton (1804-1878); M.D. London, 1863; F.R.C.P., 1870; examiner in medicine to London University; demonstrator of morbid anatomy, lecturer on pathology, and curator of the museum at Guy's; wrote medical dissertations.
^ Paul Fagius (1504–1549), divine; born at Rheinzabern in the Palatinate; pastor at Isne, 1537-42: established Hebrew printing-press at Isne; professor of Hebrew at Strasburg, 1544-6, at Heidelberg, 1546-9; deposed for questioning the Interim, 1549; Hebrew reader at Cambridge, 1549.
^ James Fahey (1804–1885), water-colour painter; studied anatomy at Paris; first exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1825; secretary of the New Society of Painters in Water-Colours, 1838-74; drawing-masterat Merchant TaylorsSchool, 1856-83.
^ Sir William Charles Fahie (1763–1833), vice-admiral; entered navy, 1777; assisted at capture of Danish West India islands, 1807; served at redaction of Guadeloupe, 1810; commander of the order of St. Ferdinand and Merit; commander-in-chief on Leeward islands station, 1820, at Halifax, 1821-4; K.C.B., 1824; vice-admiral, 1830; died at Bermuda.
^ Patrick Fairbairn (1805–1874), theologian; studied at Edinburgh; presented by the crown to North Ronaldhay, Orkney, 1830; professor of divinity in the free church theological college, Aberdeen, 1853-6; D.D. Glasgow; principal of the free church college of Glasgow, 1856-74; moderator of the general assembly, 1865; chief work,Typology of Scripture 1845 and 1847; edited theImperial Bible Dictionary
^ Sir Peter Fairbairn (1799–1861), engineer and inventor; brother of Sir William Fair bairn; improved flax-spinning machinery by modification of roving-frame and introduction of screw and rotary gills; established foundry for manufacture of war material; knighted; mayor of Ieeds. 1857-8, and 1858-9.
^ Sir William Fairbairn (1789–1874), engineer; of humble origin: befriended by George Stephenson: constructed two water-mills at Zurich, which worked regularly, whatever the height of the river, 1824; M.I.C.E., 1830; chief fabricator of machinery for the Turkish government in England, 1839; superintended construction of tubular Meuai Straits bridge in conjunction with Stcpheusou, 1848, but found his position untenable, 1849; patented his new principle of wroughtiron girders; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1860, Cambridge, 1862; president of the British Association, 1861, of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1854; created baronet, 1869.
^ Sir Palmes Fairborne (1644-1680), governor of Tangiers; captain in the Tangiers regiment of foot, 1661; knighted; major, 1664; governor of Tangiers, 1676-8; constructed a mole across the harbour; quelled mutiny of troops provoked by the neglect of the home government, 1677; superseded, 1680; defended Tangiers against Muley Hassan, 1680; mortally wounded in skirmish with Moors.
^ Sir Stafford Fairborne (d. 1742), admiral of the fleet; son of Sir Palmes Fairborne; commanded the Warspite at battle of Beachy Head, 1690; present at battle of Barfleur, 1692; scattered Newfoundland pirates, 1700; rear-admiral of the blue, 1701; knighted, 1701; vice-admiral of the red, 1703; present at capture of Barcelona, 1705, and reduction of Ostend, 1706; admiral of the fleet, 1708.
^ Thomas Fairchild (1667?–1729), gardener; established, c. 1690, as nurseryman and florist at Hoxton; conducted experiments which helped to establish the existence of sex in plants; first to produce scientifically an artificial hybrid; published The City Gardener, 1722, and contributed to Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs propagated near London published 1730.
^ Richard Fairclough (1621–1682), nonconformist divine; son of Samuel Fairclough (1594-1677) ; M.A. and fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; delivered assize sermon in Somerset; rector of Mells, 1643; ejected by the Act of Uniformity.
^ Samuel Fairclough (1594–1677), nonconformist divine; B.A. Queens' College, Cambridge; lecturer at Lynn Regis, 1619; cited by the bishop of Norwich for omitting the sign of the cross in baptism; retired; rector of Barnardiston, 1623; rector of Kedington, 1629-1662; signed the petition of 1646; ejected, 1662; published The Pastor's Legacy 1663, and other works.
^ Samuel Fairclough (1625?–1691), ejected minister; fellow of Caius College, Cambridge; ejected from his rectory of Houghton Conquest, 1662.
^ Blackerby Fairfax (fl. 1728), physician ; son of Nathaniel Fairfax: M.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1693; M.D., 1728; M.D. Leyden, 1696; physician in the navy; wrote on the Union 1702; published Oratio Apologetica pro Re Herbaria contra Medicos Mathematicos 1718.
^ Brian Fairfax, the elder (1633–1711), politician; son of Henry Fairfax (1588-1665); M.A. and LL.D., Trinity College, Cambridge; sent on a mission to General Monck, 1659; equerry to Charles II, 1670-85; equerry to William III, 1689-92. His works include poema life of Buckingham, and an edition of Fairfax's Short Memorials, 1699.
^ Brian Fairfax , the younger (1876–1749), commissioner of customs, 1723-49; son of Brian Fairfax the elder; queen's scholar, Westminster, 1690; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1698; M.A., 1700.
^ Sir Charles Fairfax (fl. leo) soldier; brother of Thomas, first baron Fairfax routed Velasco at siege of Sluys, 1604.
^ Charles Fairfax (1597–1673), antiquary and genealogist; son of Thomas, first baron Fairfax; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1611; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1618; parliamentarian colonel of foot governor of Kingston-upon-Hull, 1660-1; pensioned: assisted Roger Dodsworth in collecting and preserving Dodsworth MSS; left in manuscript, Analecta Fairfaxiana.
^ Charles Fairfax (d. 1723), dean of Down and Connor, 1722-3; son of Brian Fairfax the elder ; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford.
^ Edward Fairfax (d. 1635), translator of Tasso's Gerusalemme Liberata; imagined two of his daughters bewitched, 1621; author of Godfrey of Bulloigne (1600), a translation of Tasso, which solaced Charles I in prison.
^ Ferdinando Fairfax , second Baron Fairfax of Cameron in the peerage of Scotland (1584-1648), son of Thomas, first baron; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1622, 1624, 1625, 1626, and 1627: M.P. for Yorkshire in the Long parliament, 1640; commanded parliamentarians in Yorkshire, 1642; defeated on Adwalton Moor, 1643; governor of Hull, 1643-4; commanded infantry at Marston Moor, 1644; governor of York from 1644 to 1645: resigned, 1645.
^ Ferdinando Fairfax (fl. 1697), son of Brian Fairfax the elder; educated at Westminster; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1697.
^ Sir Guy Fairfax (rf. 1495), judge ; member of Gray's Inn, 1463; king's serjeant, 1468; recorder of York, 1476; judge of king's bench, 1477; chief-justice of Lancaster under Edward V.
^ Henry Fairfax (1588–1665), friend of George Herbert; son of Thomas, first baron Fairfax; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1608; took part in the unsuccessful movement to obtain a university for the north, c. 1640; rector of Bolton Percy, 1646-60.
^ Henry Fairfax (1634–1702), dean of Norwich; son of Charles Fairfax (1597-1673); D.D. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1680; senior fellow, 1687; signed petition to James II against decree naming Anthony Farmer president, 9 April 1687; expelled from Magdalen, October 1687; restored, 1688; dean of Norwich, 1689-1702.
^ John Fairfax (1623–1700), ejected minister ; B.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; fellow, 1645-50; rector of Barking-cum-Needham, 1650-62; ejected, 1662; in charge of nonconformist congregation at Ipswich, 1680-6, of presbyterians alone, 1687-1700; published sermons.
^ John Fairfax (1804–1877), journalist and member of legislative council. New South Wales; emigrated, 1838, being unable to pay costs of suit arising out of his Leamington journal; boughtSydney Morning Herald 1841; sole proprietor ofSydney Herald 1853; member of legislative council, 1874-7.
^ Nathaniel Fairfax (163T-1690), divine and physician; M.A. Corpus Ohristi College, Cambridge, 1661; ejected from perpetual curacy of Willisham, 1662; MJ). Leyden, 1670: published A Treatise of the Bulk and Selvedge of the World 1674. xyiii. 137J
^ Robert Fairfax or Fayrfax (d. 1529), musician; organist at St. Albans: Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1604, Oxford, 1511: gentleman of the King's Chapel iu 1509; poor knight of Windsor, 1614; wroU out musicbooks, a prycke-songe book and a balet boke; comlosed masses and part-songs; his That was my woo is nowe my moat gluduesse possibly addressed to Henry VII in 1486.
^ Robert Fairfax (1666–1725), rear-admiral: grandson of Sir William Fairfax q. v.; present at the battle in Bantrv Bay and relief of Londonderry, 1689: court-martialled for failing to overtake a French squadron off Gape Palos, but acquitted, 1704; took part in reduction of Gibraltar, of Barcelona, 1705, and in battle of Malaga, 1704: retired in mortification at the cancelling of his appointment as vice-adminil of the blue, 1708; rearadmiral, 1708; M.P. for York city, 1713-14; lord mayor of York, 1715.
^ Thomas Fairfax, first Baron Fairfax of Cameron in the Scottish peerage (1660-1640); employed by Elizabeth on diplomatic communications with James VI; knighted before Rouen, 1591: served in the Low Countries; created Baron Fairfax of Cameron, 1627; country gentleman at Denton, Yorkshire, writing, but not publishing, The Order for the Government of the House at Denton, Conjectures about Horsemanship and tractates on similar subjects.
^ Thomas Fairfax, third Baron Cameron (1612–1671), general; son of Ferdinando, second baron Fairfax; matriculated at St. John's College, Cambridge, 1626; engaged at siege of Bois-le-Duc, 1629; commanded during flrst Scottish war; knighted, 1640; became a general for the parliament, 1642; recaptured Leeds for the parliament, 1643: captured Wakefield, 1643; defeated at Adwalton Moor, 1643; commanded detachment at Marston Moor, 1644; commander-in-chief of the parliamentary army, 1645; remodelled the army, in accordance with a parliamentary ordinance, 1645; defeated Charles I at Naseby, 1645, where he captured a standard with his own hand: stormed Bristol, 1645; reduced Oxford, 1646; thanked by parliament, 1646; directed to appease the army's resentment at its contemplated reduction, 1647; Charles I seized against his will, 1647; sided with the peace party, 1647; suppressed the levellers; urged parliament to provide for the soldierspay; reduced Colchester, 1648; transmitted to the Commons the army's demand for Charles I's punishment, 1648; one of the king's judges, 1649, endeavouring to prevent his execution; state councillor, 1649: M.P., Cirencester, 1649; commander-in-chief, 1649: D.C.L. Oxford, 1649; resigned from unwillingness to invade Scotland, 1650; M.P. for Yorkshire in Richard Cromwell's parliament; M.P., Yorkshire, 1660; headed commission sent to Charles II at the Hague, 1660; bequeathed twenty-eight manuscripts to the Bodleian; author of poems, translations, and two autobiographical works. Milton wrote a sonnet, calling on him to undertake the settlement of the kingdom, 1648.
^ Thomas Fairfax (1656–1716), Jesuit; studied at St. Omer; priest, 1683; D.D. Treves; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1688; removed from his fellowship at the revolution. 1688; professed of the four vows, 1693; procurator of the English province, 1701 and 1704; published works, including The Secret Policy of the Jesuits (2nd edit.), 1702.
^ Thomas Fairfax, sixth Baron Fairfax of Cameron (1692-1782); held commission in the blues; intimate with Bolingbroke, Addison, and Steele; retired to his maternal estates of the Northern Neck in Virginia, 1747; trained and encouraged the young George Washington; died broken-hearted soon after the surrender of Cornwallis, 1781.
^ Sir William Fairfax (1609–1644), soldier; knighted, 1630; commanded regiment under Essex, 1642; commanded detachments at Nantwich and Marston Moor, 1644; mortally wounded before Montgomery Castle.
^ Sir William George Fairfax (1739–1813), vice-admiral; navy lieutenant, 1757; took part in the St. Lawrence operations, 1769; prisoner, 1778-82; fought at Oauaperdown, 1797; knight- banneret; vice-admiral, 1806.
^ Charles Fairfield (1761?-1804), painter; copied paintings of Dutch and Flemish masters; his original pictures undeservedly neglected.
^ Charles Fairholm (1566–1617). See Charles Ferm.
^ Frederick William Fairholt (1814-18B6), engraver and antiquarian writer; of German origin; Isis melallist of Society of Arts; illustrated Charles Knight's publications, Halliwell'sSir John Maundeville 1839, and other works; F.S.A., 1844; author of antiquarian researches, including Costume in England 1846; bequeathed prints to the British Museum, and Shakespearean collections to Stratford-on-Avon.
^ Thomas Fairland (1804-1852), lithographer and portrait-painter: student at Royal Academy; Raphael's Virgin and Child his most famous contribution to the new art of lithography.
^ Thomas Kerr Fairless (1825–1853), landscape painter; exhibited at the Royal Academy and other institutions, 1848-51.
^ Robert Francis Fairlie (1831–1886), civil engineer; superintendent and general manager of Londonderry and Coleraine railway, 1853; obtained post on Bombay and Baroda railway; patented double-bogie engine 1864; invited to design and construct railways in Venezuela, 1873; compelled by jungle fever to return to England, 1874.
^ William Faithorne, the elder (1616–1691), engraver and portrait-painter; banished for refusing to take the oath to Oliver Cromwell; allowed to return to England, 1650; print-seller in London; executed crayon portraits; engraved frontispieces and prints, also two maps, one of London and Westminster, the other of Virginia and Maryland.
^ William Faithorne , the younger (1656–1701?), mezzotint engraver; son of William Faithorne the elder; engraved portraits of Queen Anne, Charles I, II, and John Dryden.
^ Falconberg or Falconbridge, the Bastard (d. 1226). See Falkes de Breauté.
^ Falconberg or Falconbridge, Bastard of (d. 1471). See Thomas Fauconberg.
^ Alexander Falconbridge (d. 1792), surgeon ; surgeon, from poverty, on slave-ships: accepted commission from St. George's Bay Company to found settlement for the homeless colonists formerly sent by government to the river Sierra Leone, 1791; founded Granville Town, 1791; superseded in presidency of Sierra Leone Company's council; dismissed, 1792.
^ Anna Maria Falconbridge (fl. 1794), wife of Alexander Falconbridge; published autobiographical Narrative defending the slave trade and ridiculing her dead husband, 1794.
^ Alexander Falconer , Baron Falconer of Halkertoun (d. 1671), judge ; ordinary lord of session, 1639 and 1641; represented Kincardineshire in the convention, 1643-4, and in parliament, 1644-5 and 1645-7; commissioner of exchequer, 1645; created Baron Falconer, 1647; removed from College of Justice, 1649, for having subscribed the engagement; reappoiuted, 1660; commissioner of excise, 1661.
^ Sir David Falconer, of Newton (1640–1686), lord president of session; advocate, 1661; knighted; lord of justiciary, 1678; president of session, 1682; M.P., Forfarshire, 1685: lord of the articles; collected decisions of court of session (November 1681-January 1686).
^ Edmund Falconer (1814–1879), actor and dramatist; really Edmund O'Rourke; wrote The Cagot, or Heart for Heart, a drama, acted at Lyceum, 1856; manager of Lyceum, 1858-9 and 1861-2: his Irish drama, Peep o Day played in London from November 1861 till December 1862; joint-lessee of Drury Lane, 1862-6; attempted to popularise Shakespearean drama; opened Her Majesty's Theatre, Haymarket, withOonagh, 1 1866; appeared at New York, 1867.
^ Forbes Falconer (1805–1853), Persian scholar ; educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and at Paris; professor of oriental languages in University College, London; edited poems by Jami; published selections from the Bustan, 1839.
^ Hugh Falconer (1808–1865), palaontologist and botanist; M.A. Aberdeen, 1826; M.D. Edinburgh, 1H29: assistant-surgeon on the East India Company's Bengal establishment, 1830; superintendent of the Saharanpur botanic garden, 1832; discovered fossil mammals and ivpti:c in Sivalik hilN, 1832; superintended imimifurttirv ot first Indian tea, 1834; discovered assafoetida ot r.numerce in valley of Astore; appointed to superintend Arrangement of Indian fossils in the British Museum, 1844; commenced Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis 1846: professor of botany, Calcutta Medical College, 1848-65; proved that the cave fauna of England contained elephas antiquus and rhinoceros hemitcechus, 1860; vice-president of the Koyal Society.
^ John Falconer (fl. 1547), merchant. 'Maister Falkonner's Boke is the earliest English record of an herbarium of dried plants.
^ John Falconer or Falkner (1577–1656), Jesuit; studied at St. Mary's Hall and Gloucester Hall, Oxford; joined expedition of Essex to Spain; professed of the four vows, 1619; confessor at Liege and Ghent; helped to defend Wardour Castle, where he was chaplain, 1643; translated hagiological and devotional works.
^ Randle Wilbraham Falconer (1816–1881), medical writer; son of Thomas Falconer (1772-1839); graduated in medicine at Edinburgh, 1839; mayor of Bath, 1857; physician to Bath General Water Hospital; wrote on therapeutics.
^ Thomas Falconer (1738–1792), classical scholar; matriculated at Brasenpse College, Oxford, 1754; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1760; his Observations on Pliny's account of the Temple of Diana at Ephesus published, 1794, and Chronological Tables published, 1796; left materials for edition of Strabo.
^ Thomas Falconer (1772–1839), classical scholar; son of William Falconer (1744-1824); scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1788; M.A. and fellow, 1795: Bampton lecturer, 1810; M.D.Oxford, 1822; published, among other works, edition of Strabo, 1807, based on materials left by Thomas Falconer (1738-1792): edited Hanno's * Voyage with translation, 1797.
^ Thomas Falconer (1805–1882), county court judge; son of Thomas Falconer (1772-1839): barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1830; arbitrator on behalf of Canada for determining boundaries between Canada and New Brunswick, 1850 T colonial secretary, Westeni Australia, 1851; resigned, 1851; judge of Rhayader district and Glamorganshire and Breconshire county courts, 1851-81; published works mainly legal.
^ William Falconer (1732–1769), poet; servant of Archibald Campbell (d. 1767) q. v., who encouraged his literary tastes; second mate on a ship in the Levant trade, which was wrecked between Alexandria and Venice; drew on his own experience for hU chief poem,The Shipwreck 1762; patronised by the Duke of York; became purser on various ships; published The Universal Marine Dictionary 1769; lost in the Aurora.
^ William Falconer (1744–1824), miscellaneous writer; M.D. Edinburgh, 1766; studied at Leyden, becoming (1767) M.D.: extra-licentiate O.P., 1767; physician to Chester Infirmary, 1767-70; F.R.S., 1773; physician to Bath General Hospital, 1784-1819; intimate with Dr. Parr; published essays on the Bath waters, and miscellaneous tracts.
^ William Falconer (1801–1885), translator of 'Strabo; son of Thomas Falconer (1772-1839); B.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1823; M.A., 1827; Petrean fellow of Exeter College, 1827; university mathematical examiner, 1832-3 and 1836-8; rector of Bushey, 18391885: brought out his father's manuscript translation of Strabo's Geography in Bohn's Classical Library 1854-6-7.
^ Peter Falconet (1741–1791), portrait-painter; born in Paris; exhibited occasion ally at the Royal Academy; executed blacklead portraits of eminent artiste.
^ John Faldo (1633–1690), nonconformist minister; pastor at Plasterers' Hall, Aldermanbury, 1684-90. His Quakerism no Christianity, 1673, led to an animated controversy with William Penn.
^ Thomas Fale (fl. 1604), mathematician; M.A. Corpus Cliristi College, Cambridge, 15K6; B.D., 1597; licensed physician, 1604. His Horologiographia (1593) contains what is probably the earliest trigonometrical table printed in England.
^ Edward Falkener (1814-1896), architect: articled to John Newman (1786-1859); studied at Royal Academy; studied architectural remains in Europe, Asia, and Egypt: practised in London; honorary F.R.I.B.A., 1895; published works relating to classical architecture.
^ Viscounts Falkland . See GARY, 8m HBNRY, first VISCOUNT, d. 1633; and GARY, Lucius, second VISCOUNT, 1610 ?-1643.
^ Elizabeth Falkland , Viscountess (1585–1639). See Elizabeth Cary.
^ Sir Everard Falkner (1684–1758). See Fawkener.
^ John Falkner (1577–1656). See John Falconer.
^ Thomas Falkner (1707–1784), Jesuit missionary, surgeon on board a slave ship; nursed through an illness by Buenos Ayres Jesuits, 1731; Jesuit missionary in Paraguay and Tucu man: expelled from South America as a Jesuit, 1768; joined English province, c. 1771; wrote on medicine and natural history of South America.
^ William Falkner (d. 1682), divine ; M.A. Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1656; rector of Glemsford, 1679-82; D.D. Cambridge, 1680: wrote in defence of the church of England.
^ Philip Falle (1656–1742), historian of Jersey; native of Jersey; entered at Exeter College, Oxford, 1C69; M.A. Alban Hall, 1676; incumbent of Trinity parish, Jersey, 1681-7; incumbent of St. Saviour's, Jersey, 1689-1709; deputed by States of Jersey to request William Ill's protection, 1693; king's chaplain, 1694; prebendary of Durham, 1700; his chief work, an Account of Jersey 1694 (expanded 1734).
^ Fearon Fallows (1789–1831), astronomer; of humble origin; third wrangler, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1813; mathematical lecturer at Corpus Christi College and fellow of St. John's, Cambridge; M.A., 1816; director of astronomical observatory planned for Cape of Good Hope by commissioners of longitude, 1820; F.R.S., 1823; catalogued chief southern stars, 1824; completed observatory, 1829; died at Simon's Bay.
^ Falmouth, first Earl of (1787–1841). See Edward Boscawen.
'^ Falmouth,' first Viscount (d. 1734). See Hugh Boscawen.
^ Samuel Fancourt (1678–1768), dissenting minister and projector of circulating libraries; minister and tutor in Salisbury, 1718-30; established subscription library in London, 1730 (dissolved, 1745); established The Gentlemen and Ladies Growing and Circulating Library 1746: failed of success; published Essay concerning Liberty, Grace, and Prescience 1729, and similar works.
^ Sir Edmund Douglas Veitch Fane (1837-1900), diplomatist; educated at Merton College, Oxford; altered diplomatic service, 1858; minister at Belgrade, 1893-1900; K.O.M.G., 1899.
^ Francis Fane , first Baron Burgersh and first Earl of Westmorland (1583–1628), son of Sir Thomas Fane; K.B., 1603; created earl, 1624.
^ Sir Francis Fane (d. 1689?), dramatist: grandson of Francis Fane, first earl of Westmorland; K.B., 1660; bequeathed money for Olveston poor; wrote Love in the Dark (comedy), 1675, The Sacrifice (tragedy"), 1686, and a masque.
^ Francis William Henry Fane , twelfth Earl of Westmorland (1825-1891), educated at Westminster: and Sandhurst; ensign, 1843; lieutenant, 1844; captain, 1848: served in India and Crimea; O.B., 1885; succeeded to earldom, 1859; retired as colonel, 1860.
^ Sir Henry Fane (1778–1840), general; cornet, 1792; captain, 1793; M.P., Lyme Regis, 1796-1818; colonel and aide-de-camp to the king, 1805; turned Laborde's right at Rolica, 1808; major-general, 1810; defeated Villatte, 1813; fought at Vittoria, 1813, and Orthes, 1814; colonel, 1814; lieutenant-general, 1819; O.O.B., 1825; M.P., Sandwich, 1829; commander-in-chief in India, 1835; secured unhindered passage of English troops through Siud into Afghanistan, 1839; died off St. Michael's Island in the Azores.
^ John Fane, seventh Earl of Westmorland(1682 ?-1762), distinguished himself under the Duke of Marlborough; lieutenant-colonel, 1710; created Baron Oatherlough, 1733; M.P., Hythe, 1708-10, Buckingham, 1726-7 and 1727; knight of the shire for Kent, 1715; Earl of Westmorland, 1736; lord-lieutenant of Northamptonshire, 1737; lieutenant-general of the forces of the kingdom, 1739; chancellor of Oxford University, 1758.
^ John Fane, ninth Earl of Westmorland (1728–1774), educated at Westminster; M.P., Lyme Regis, 1761 and 1762.
^ John Fane, tenth Earl of Westmorland (1759–1841), son of John Fane, ninth earl; educated at Charterhouse and Emmanuel College, Cambridge; M.A., 1778; privy councillor, 1789; lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1790-5; opposed catholic emancipation; recalled by Pitt, 1795; lord privy seal, 1798-1827; K.G., 1793; lord-lieutenant of Northamptonshire.
^ John Fane, eleventh Earl of Westmorland (1784-1869), son of John Fane, tenth earl; educated ! at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1808;; M.P., Lyme Regis, 1806-16; assistant adjutant-general in: Sicily, 1806-7: served in Peninsula, 1808-10; minister plenipotentiary to Florence, 1814; LL.D. Cambridge, 1814; signed convention of Caza Lanza, 1815; privy councillor, 1822; D.C.L. Oxford, 1834; resident minister at Berlin, 1841-51; G.C.B., 1846; general, 1854; founded Royal Academy of Music, 1823; musical composer, and author of military memoirs.
^ Julian Henry Charles Fane (1827–1870)' diplomatist and poet; son of John Fane, eleventh earl of Westmorland; educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge; chancellor's medallist, 1850; M.A., 1851; secretary of legation at St. Petersburg, 1856-8; first secretary and acting charge d'affaires at Paris, 1865-7 and 1868 issued Poems 1852, and a translation of Heine, 1854.
^ Mildmay Fane , second Earl of Westmorland.
^ Francesco Fanelli (fl. 1610–1665), statuary; native of Florence; worked in metal in Knjiland; styled himself Scultore del Ue della Gran Bretagna; published engravings, 1642.
^ Ydmund Fanning (1737–1818), colonial governor ; born in Long Island; graduate of Yale, 1757; colonel of militia, North Carolina, 1763; member of the legislature; compelled to leave North Carolina (1771) for his m;iU practices when recorder of deeds; surveyor-general, 1774; D.C.L. Oxford, 1774; lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, 1783-7, of the island of St. John, 1787-99, of Prince Edward island, 1799-1804; British general, 1808.
^ Lady Anne Fanshawe (1626–1680), n& Harrison; wife of Sir Richard Fanshawe; lutenist, singer, and French scholar; shared in all her husband's wanderings and diplomatic missions; refused offer of pension from the Spanish government on condition of becoming a catholic, 1666; wrote memoir of Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1676 (first printed in 1829).
^ Catherine Maria Fanshawe (1765–1834), poetess; exchanged verses with Cowper; commended by Scott; best-known poem, a riddle on the letter H; several of her pieces included in Joanna Baillie's Collection (1823).
^ Sir Henry Fanshawe (1569?–1616), remembrancer of the exchequer; son of Thomas Fanshawe ; student of the Inner Temple, 1586; remembrancer, 1601; M.P., Westbury, 1588 and 1593, Boroughbridge, 1597; knighted, 1603; friend of Prince Henry: horticulturist and Italian scholar.
^ Sir Richard Fanshawe (1608–1666), diplomatist and author; son of Sir Henry Fanshawe; fellow-commoner, Jesus College, Cambridge, 1623; entered the Inner Temple, 1626: given credentials for Spain by Charles I, 1647; ordered to Spain to procure money for the king's cause, 1650; created baronet, 1650; taken prisoner at battle of Worcester, 1651; master of requests and Latin secretary to Prince Charles at the Hague, 1660; M.P., Cambridge University, 1661; privy councillor of Ireland, 1662; ambassador to Portugal, 1662-3; privy councillor, 1663; ambassador to Spain, 1664-6; recalled (1666) for compromising the home government; died at Madrid; left unpublished poems. His published works include translations of Guarini's Pastor Fido 1647, and of Camoeus's Lusiad 1655.
^ Thomas Fanshawe (1530?–1601), remembrancer of the exchequer; of Jesus College, Cambridge, and the Middle Temple; remembrancer, J568; M.P., Rye, 1671, and Arundel; M.P., Much Wenlock, 1597; wrote Practice of the Exchequer Court(published, 1658) andAn Answer... concerning the Lord Treasurer's Office
^ Sir Thomas Fanshawe , first Viscount Fanshawe of Dromore, in the peerage of Ireland (d. 1665), eldest son of Francis Fane, first earl; (1596-1665), educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; M.P. Peter- remembrancer of the exchequer, 1616: son of Sir Henry borough, 1621; K.B., 1626; fined and sequestrated by parliament, 1642; his sequestration discharged, 1644; joint lord-lieutenant of Northamptonshire, 1660; privately printed Otia Sacra 1648, and left manuscript poems.
^ Priscilla Anne Fane , Countess of Westmorland (1793–1879), artist; nte Wellesley-Pole ; married John Fane, afterwards eleventh Earl of Westmorland fa. v., 1811; exhibited at various institutions, 1833-41, 1842, and 1867.
^ Ralph Fane or Vane (d. 1552), alleged conspirator; knighted before Boulogne, 1644: fought at Muaselburgh, 1547; knight-banneret, 1547; charged with conspiring to murder Northumberland, 1561; executed.
^ Robert George Cecil Fane (1796–1864), bankruptcy commissioner; educated at Charterhouse; matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, 1813; demy and fellow, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1824-38; M.A., 1819; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1821; a commissioner of th Thirteenth List 1823; a commissioner of bankruptcy, 1831; wrote mainly on bankruptcy reform.
^ Sir Thomas Fane (d. 1589), politician; attainted for share in Wyatt's rebellion, but pardoned, 1564; knighted, 1573; deputy-commissioner for breeding of in Kent, 1580. Fanshawe; K.B., 1626; M.P. for Hertford, 1624, 1625, and 1640; M.P., Lancaster, 1626 and 1628; fought for Charles I at Edgehill, 1642; sequestrated, 1642; created Viscount Fanshawe, 1661; M.P., Hertfordshire, 1661.
^ Thomas Fanshawe , second Viscount Fanshawe, in the peerage of Ireland (1639-1674), sou of Sir Thomas Faushawe, first viscount; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge; K.B., 1661; remembrancer, 1665; M.P., Hertford, 1661-74.
^ Michael Faraday (1791–1867), natural philosopher; apprenticed to Riebau, a London bookseller, 1804; engaged by Sir Humphry Davy as assistant, on showing interest in science, 1812: travelled as Davy's amanuensis in France, Switzerland, Italy, and the Tyrol, I 1813-16; treated as a menial by Lady Davy; published I in the Quarterly Journal of Science analysis of caustic ! lime from Tuscany, 1816: professed Sandemanianism, 1821; wrote History of the Progress of Electro- MagI nettem 1821; analysed hydrate of chlorine, thereby facilitating Davy's discovery of chlorine, 1823; liquefied chlorine and other gases; announced discovery of benzol, ; 1825; Bakerian lecturer, 1829; the chromatrope sug! gested by his paperOn a Peculiar Class of Optical Deceptions 1831; discovered magneto-electricity, 1831; regarded position of iron filings round a magnet as determined by lines of force; discovered extra currents by help of facts furnished by one William Jenkin, 1835; pensioned by Lord Melbourne, 1836; decided in favour of 'identity of electricities sought to invent neutral terminology for theory of voltaic pile: constructed a voltameter declared medium necessary for transmission of electric induction; scientific adviser to Trinity House, 1 83G; propounded rotation of plane of polarisation by nugiintn and electric currents 1845; established diamagnetic repulsion; originated theory of atom as centre of force; dial in a house given him by Queen Victoria at Hampton Court.
^ John Farey (1766–1826), geologist; consulting surveyor and geologist in London, 1802, following William Smith's principles; published Survey of the County of Derby 1811-13, and scientific papers.
^ John Farey (1791–1851), civil engineer; son of John Farey (1766-1826); gold medallist Society of Arts, 1813; constructed ironworks in Russia, 1819; introduced use of steam-engine indicators; M.I.O.E., 1826; published * A Treatise on the Steam Engine,* 1827.
^ Frederick John Fargus (1847–1885), novelist; under pseudonym of Hugh Conway, auctioneer of Bristol from 1868; his first story published in Thirteen at Table 1881; published Called Back a highly successful sensational novel, 1883; contributed tales to various periodicals; producedDark Days 1884; valued and catalogued Strawberry Hill collection; died at Monte Carlo.
^ Faricius (d. 1117), abbot of Abingdon; native of Arezzo; physician to Henry I; abbot of Abingdon, 1100; obtained grants for the abbey; his election to the archbishopric of Canterbury prevented by opposition of suffragan bishops, 1114; wrote a Life of St. Aldhelm.
^ Anthony Farindon (1598–1658), royalist divine ; scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, 1612; fellow, 1617; M.A., 1620; B.D., 1629; vicar of Bray, 1634; divinity lecturer in the Chapel Royal at Windsor, 1639; ejected during the civil war; friend of John Hales; minister of St. Mary Magdalene, Milk Street, 1647-56; dispossessed, 1656; famous as a preacher; moderate latitudiuarian; a hundred and thirty of his sermons are extant.
^ Hugh Faringdon alias Cook (d. 1539), abbot of Reading, 1520; sent Henry VIII books on matrimonial law to enable him to find justification for divorcing Catherine of Arragon; trier of petitions from Gascony, 1523; in parliament, 523-39; J.P. for Berkshire; executed for supposed complicity in northern rebellion.
^ George Farington (1752–1788), artist; gold medallist of the Royal Academy. 1780; died at Moorshedabad, when making studies for a grand picture of the nabob's court.
^ John Farington (1603–1646).
^ Joseph Farington (1747–1821), landscape painter; R.A., 1785: best known by two collections of engraved views of the English lakes.
^ William Farish (1759–1837), Jacksonian professor at Cambridge; senior wrangler, Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1778; fellow; MA., 1781; professor of chemistry, 1794; incumbent of St. Giles's, Cambridge, 1800; Jacksonian professor of natural and experimental philosophy, 1813-36; B.D., 1820.
^ Charles Farley (1771–1859), actor and dramatist; instructor of Joseph Grimaldi; excelled in melodrama; superintended Covent Garden pantomimes, 1806-34, writing a few himself.
^ James Lewis Farley (1823–1885), writer on eastern affairs; chief accountant of Ottoman bank at Beyrout; accountant-general of state bank of Turkey at Constantinople, 1860; traced extension of British trade throughout Turkish empire to the Greeks in Resource? of Turkey 1862; published Turks and Christians 176, some of its suggestions being subsequently forced upon the Porte: consul for the sultan at Bristol, 1870-84; fellow of Statistical Society; privy councillor in Bulgarian public works department.
^ Anthony Farmer (fl. 1687), president-designate of Magdalen College, Oxford; matriculated at St. John's College, Cambridge, 1672; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1676; M.A., 1680; joined Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1683; asked to migrate to Magdalen College, 1685, being a disorderly and quarrelsome man; vainly nominated by James II to presidency of Magdalen, 1687; charges brought against him by the fellows substantiated, 1687.
^ George Farmer (1732–1779), navy captain: lieutenant in West Indies and on home station: assisted in suppressing riot at Norwich, 1766; appointed commander (1768) on the representations of the Norwich magistrates; shipwrecked off Patagonia, 1770; promoted to post rank, 1771; perishwl in the burning of his ship during encounter with French, 1779.
^ Hugh Farmer (1714–1787), independent minister and theological writer; afternoon preacher at Salters Hall, 1761-72, and one of the preachers at the merchantslecture 1762-80; trustee of Dr. Williams's foundations, 1762; published theological works.
^ John Farmer (fl. 1591–1601), composer ; dedicated to his friend Edward de Vere, seventeenth earl of Oxford , a book containing examples in two-part counterpoint of different orders, 1591, and "The First Set of English Madrigals 1599; contributed a madrigal to The Triumphs of Oriana 1601.
^ Richard Farmer (1735–1797), master of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; senior optime, Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1757; M.A. and tutor, 1760; F.S.A., 1763; publishedEssay on the Learning of Shakspeare 1767, maintaining that Shakespeare knew the classics through translations only: master of Emmanuel College, 1775; D.D. Cambridge, 1775; vice-chancellor of Cambridge, 1775-6 and 1787-8; broke open the building in which the university seal was kept in order to prepare the address voted to George III in support of his American policy, 1775; prebendary and chancellor of Lichfield, I 1780; prebendary of Canterbury, 1782, of St. Paul's, 1788; introduced statuary into St. Paul's,
^ Thomas Farmer (fl. 1685). composer ; Mus. Bac. Cambridge, 1684; contributed to musical collections; published consorts 1686 and 1690.
^ John Farmery (d. 1690), physician : M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1568; F.C.P., 1589; M.D. Leyden, 1589; assisted in drawing up formulae for Pharmacopoeia 1589.
^ Giles Farnaby (fl. 1598), composer ; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1692; published canzonets, 1598.
^ Thomas Farnaby (1575?–1647), schoolmaster and classical scholar; postmaster. Merton College, Oxford, 1590; studied at a Jesuit college in Spain; sailed in Drake and Hawkins's last voyage; opened school in Goldsmiths Alley, which his abilities made famous; corresponded with G. J. Vossius, 1630-42; commissioned by Charles I to prepare a new Latin grammar, 1641; detained at Ely House, Holborn, 1644-5; friend of Ben Jonson; edited most of the classical authors, co-operating with Meric Casaubon in an edition of Terence, issued in 1651; published among other works an Index rhetoricus 1626.
^ Lady Farnborough (1762–1837). See Amelia Long.
^ Baron Farnborough , of Bromley Hill Place (1761-1838). See Charles Long.
^ Baron Farnborough , of Farnborough (1815-1886). See Thomas Erskine May.
^ Ellis Farneworth (d. 1763), translator ; educated at Eton and Jesus College, Cambridge; M.A., 1738; vicar of Rostherne, 1758-62; rector of Carsington, 1762-3. His translations include Davila's Civil Wars of France 1758, and a widely circulated version of Machiavelli, 1762.
^ Richard Farnham (d. 1642), fanatic ; a weaver by profession; together with John Bull (d. 1642) pave himself out to be a prophet, 1636; imprisoned by high commission court, 1636; vainly petitioned Laud for his release; gained some followers.
^ Richard Farnworth (d. 1666), quaker; minister. 1651; imprisoned at Banbury for not uncovering to the nmyor, 1655; published theological works.
^ Sir Arthur Farquhar (1772–1843), rear-admiral; entered navy when the French war broke out; commander, 1802; captured in charge of convoy, 1805; advanced to post rank, 1805: senior naval officer in the north German operations, 1813-14; O.B., 1816; helped to suppress West Indian negro revolt; knighted, 1833; rearadmiral, 1837.
^ George Farquhar (1678–1707), dramatist; sizar of Trinity College, Dublin, 1694-5; patronised by Bishop Wiseman; gave up the stage in consequence of tvccidentally wounding a fellow-actor; advised by Wilkes to write a comedy; produced Love and a Bottle 1699, theConstant Couple 1700,Sir Harry Wildair 1701, The Inconstant 1702, The Twin Rivals 1702, The Stage Coach 1704 The Recruiting Officer 1706, and The Beaux Stratagem 1707; served in Holland, 1700; died of mortification at not receiving the captaincy Ormonde had promised him.
^ John Farquhar (1751–1826), millionaire; dangerously wounded when cadet on Bombay establishment; improved government powder factory at Pultah, and was made superintendent, subsequently sole contractor; partner in Basset, Farquhar & Cos agency house, London.
^ Sir Robert Townsend Farquhar (1776-1830), politician; son of Sir Walter Farquhar; lieutenant-governor of Penang; commissioner for transference of Moluccas to Batavian Republic, 1802; governor and commander-in-chief of Mauritius, suppressing slave trade there, 1812-23; created baronet, 1821; M.P., Newton, 1825, Hythe, 1826-30.
^ Sir Walter Farquhar (1738–1819), physician : M.A. King's College, Aberdeen; studied medicine at Edinburgh and Glasgow; army surgeon in Howe's expedition, 1761; M.D. Aberdeen, 1796; L.R.C.P., 1796; created baronet, 1796; physician in ordinary to the Prince of Wales, 1796.
^ James Farquharson (1781–1843), scientific writer; M.A. King's College, Aberdeen, 1798; minister of Alford, 1813; traced aurora borealis to development of electricity, 1830; F.R.S., 1830; LL.D. King's College, Aberdeen, 1837; published A New Illustration of the Latter Part of Daniel's Last Vision and Prophecy 1838, and.essays and scientific papers.
^ John Farquharson (1699–1782), Jesuit ; studied at Scots College, Douay, 1729; missioner in Scotland; professed Jesuit, 1736; formed collection of Gaelic poetry, including work assigned to Ossian, which was deposited (1772) in the Scote College, Douay, and forgotten; it was not known to Macpherson.
^ Samuel Farr (1741–1795), physician ; educated at Edinburgh; M.I). Leyden, 1766; translated Hippocrates's 4 History of Epidemics; and wrote on medical topics.
^ William Farr (1807–1883), statistician; studied medicine at Paris, 1829-31; L.A.S., 1832; inaugurated a new science by his Vital Statistics in Macculloch's Account of the British Empire 1837; compiler of abstracts in registrar-general's office, 1838-79; honorary M.D. New York, 1847; F.R.S., 1855; honorary D.C.L. Oxford, 1857; commissioner for census of 1871; president of Statistical Society, 1871 and 1872; C.B., 1880; retired from public service, 1879. A selection of his works was edited by Noel Humphreys, 1885.
^ Richard Farrant (fl. 1564–1580), composer: gentleman of the Chapel Royal before 1564; organist of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1564-9: presented two plays before the queen, 1568; possibly one of the first to set lessons for the viollyra-way composed various anthems and a High Service
^ John Farrar (1802–1884), president of Wesleyan methodist conference; classical tutor at Wesleyan Theological Institution, Richmond, 1843-58; chaplain and governor of Woodhouse Grove school, 1868-68; fint governor of Headingley College, Leeds, 1868-76; president ot Wesluyan conference, 1854 and 1870; compiled dictionaries of the bible and ecclesiastical history.
^ Arthur Farre (1811–1887), obstetric physician : son of John Richard Farre; educated at Charterhouse and Caius College, Cambridge; studied at St. Bartholomew's Hospital f M.D. Cambridge, 1841; professor of obstetric medicine at King's College and physicianaccoucheur to King's College Hospital, 1841-62: councillor, Royal College of Physicians; Harveian orator. 1872; examiner in midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons, 1852-75; physician extraordinary to Queen Victoria,
^ Frederic John Farre (1804–1886), physician ; son of John Richard Farre; educated at the Charterhouse and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1830; M.D. Cambridge, 1837; physician to St. Bartholomew's, 1854-70, to Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, 1843-86; vice-president, College of Physicians, 1885; one of the editors of the first British Pharmacopoeia 1864.
^ John Richard Farre (1775–1862), physician; born in Barbados; went to France on Lord Moira's expedition, 1793: practised as physician in Barbados; M.D. Aberdeen, 1806; L.R.C.P., 1806: co-founder of Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, and physician there; published pathological works, 1812-14.
^ Elizabeth Farren, Countess of Derby (1759?-1829), actress; appeared at the Haymarket, 1777: the original Nancy Lovel in Colman's Suicide 1778; appeared at Drury Lane, 1778; married Edward Stanley, twelfth ear of Derby, and retired, 1797; commended by Hazlitt for her fine-lady airs and graces.
^ Henry Farren (1826?–1860), actor ; son of William Farren: played Charles Surface at the Haymarket, c. 1847; manager of Brighton Theatre; manager of the theatre at St. Louis, U.S.A., where he died.
^ William Farren (1786–1861), actor ; played Sir Peter Teazle at Covent Garden, 1818; occasionally took such parts as Meg Merrilies and Miss Harlow in the 'Old Maid sued by Covent Garden management for appearing at Drury Lane, 1828; manager of Strand and (1850-3) of Olympic theatres; excelled in rdle of old man.
^ Sir Thomas Henry Farrer , first Baron Farrer (1819–1899), civil servant ; educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford. B.A.,1840; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1844; assistant-secretary of marine department of board of trade, 1850; assistant-secretary to the board, 1854, and permanent-secretary, 1865-86; created baronet, 1883: member of London County Council, 1889-98; for several years vice-chairman; raised to peerage, 1893; published writings on economic subjects.
^ Robert Farrier (1796–1879), painter; exhibited miniature portraits, domestic subjects, and scenes from schoolboy life at the Royal Academy after 1818.
^ Sir Anthony Farrington (1742–1823), baronet and general; lieutenant-fireworker, 1755: served at Gibraltar, 1759-63; captain, 1764; fought in early engagements of American war of independence; colonel, 1791; commanded artillery in North Holland, 1799; general, 1812; inspector-general of artillery, 1812; created baronet, 1818; honorary D.C.L. Oxford, 1820.
^ Sir William Farrington (fl. 1412), soldier and diplomatist; knighted by the Duke of Lancaster, 1366: governor of Saintes; imprisoned in the Tower for negligently allowing a prisoner of war to escape, 1876; heavily fined for taking part in crusade led by the bishop of Norwich to support claim of Urban VI to papacy; with the Duke of Lancaster in Galicia; envoy to Portugal, 1390; commander of Bordeaux Castle, 1412.
^ Joseph Farrow (1652?–1692), nonconformist divine; M.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge; friend of John Locke; private tutor; episcopally ordained chaplain in various country families.
^ Sir John Fastolf (1378?–1459), warrior and landowner; undertook to serve Henry V in France, 1415; distinguished himself at Agincourt, 1416; governor of Conde-snr-Noirean, 1417; knighted before 1418; governor of the Bastille, 1420; king's lieutenant and recrent in Normandy, 1423; governor of Anjou uiul Maine, 1423-6; bunm.Tet: took prisoner John II, duke of Alenjon, at the battle of Vtrueml, 1424; K.G., 1426; defeated the French at the Battle of the Herrings near Orleans, 1429: groundlessly accused of cowardice for retreating at Patay, 1 l:; assisted in negotiating peace of Arras, 1434; privy councillor; retired to the Tower on the outbreak of Cade's insurrection, 1450; built castle at Gaister, his birthplace; friend of John Paston (1421-1466) q. v., author of the greater number of the Paston Letters; contributed towards building the philosophy schools at Cambridge; left will (widely suspected to be a forgery) by which John Paston became owner of Caister Castle. Funds which Fastolf bequeathed to establish a college at Caister were ultimately transferred to the foundation of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1474. The few coincidences between the careers of Fostolf ami Shakespeare's creation of Sir John Falstaff are accidental.
^ Helena Saville Faucit , afterwards Lady Martin (1817–1898), actress; known as Helen Faucit; appeared first as Juliet at Richmond, 18?3; engaged, 1836, at Oovent Garden, at the Hay market, 1839-41, and in Dublin and Birmingham, 1842-3; played in company with Alacready, her parts including Constance King John), Queen Katherine Henry VIII), Desdemona, Cordelia, Miranda, Rosalind, Lady Macbeth, and Portia Julius Caesar; in Paris with Macready, 1842; played, with great success, Antigone, at Dublin, 1845; married Mr. (after wards Sir) Theodore Martin, 1851; played Imogen to (Sir) Henry Irving's Pisanio, Edinburgh, 1867, and Lady Macbeth to Phelps's Macbeth at Her Majesty's, 1858; terminated last engagement in London, 1866, and appeared for the last time on stage at Manchester, 1879; published a book On some of Shakespeare's Female Characters 1885.
^ Earl Fauconberg (1627–1700). See Thomas Belasyse.
^ Baron Fauconberg (d. 1463). See William Neville.
^ Thomas Fauconberg , The Bastard of, sometimes called Thomas the Bastard (d. 1471), rebel; ordered to raise the county of Kent on behalf of Warwick and Henry VI, 1471; burnt part of London; his ships destroyed at Sandwich; beheaded.
^ Eustace de Fauconbridge (d. 1228), bishop of London; royal justice, 1199 and after; treasurer, 1217; prebendary of St. Paul's; bishop of London, 1221-8; commissioned to demand Normandy from Louis VIII, 1223; ambassador to France, 1204, 1223, and 1225.
^ Sir Arthur Brooke Faulkner (1779–1845), physician to the forces; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin; M.D. Edinburgh, 1803; incorporated M.A. of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 1805, and M.D. of Pembroke College, Oxford, 1806; F.R.C.P., 1808; physician to the forces; distinguished himself by investigating the plague and directing quarantine procedure at Malta, 1813; knighted, 1815; published account of Malta plague, 1820, narratives of continental travel, and piquant pamphlets on supposed abuses in church and state.
^ Benjamin Rawlinson Faulkner (1787–1849), portrait-painter: originally Gibraltar agent for an English firm; exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1821.
^ George Faulkner (1699?–1775), bookseller ; bookseller and printer in Dublin; started Dublin Journal 1728; reprimanded by Irish House of Lords for reflecting on the honour of their house 1733; committal to Newgate for publishing Hort's pamphlet containing a satiric reference to Serjeant Bettesworth, 1736; pirated Richardson's Pamela 1741; acknowledged by Lord Chesterfield, viceroy of Ireland, as his authoritative adviser; withdrew from publication of Richardson'sSir Charles Grandisonon finding out that other Dublin booksellers had obtained advance sheets, 1753; turned Roman catholic, 1758; satirised by Foote, 1762; alderman of Dublin, 1770; published Ancient Universal History 1774; friend of Swift; published Swift's works with notes, 1772.
^ George Faulkner (1790?–1862), the supposed 1 originator of the foundation of Owens College, Manchester; friend and partner of John Owens in a Manchester firm; suggested that Owens, who thought of making him his heir, should leave money for the ioumJa tion of an undenominational university collage; first chairman of the trustees of Owens College, 1851-8,
^ Joshua Wilson Faulkner (fl. 1809–1820), portrait-painter; brother of Benjamin Hawlinson Faulkner; exhibited miniatures at the Royal Academy.
^ Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea; F.S.A. of Normandy; published history of Chelsea, 1810, Fulham, 1813, Kensington, 1820 Hammersmith, 1839, and Brentford, Chiswick, and Ealing, 1846.
^ Robert Faulknor (1763–1796), navy captain ; fought at battle of Grenada, 1779; specially complimented by Admiral Jervis, and promoted to post rank for capturing Fort Royal alone, 1794; foremost at capture of St. Lucia, Guadeloupe, and Fort Fleur d'Epee, 1794; killed on board the Blanche while endeavouring to lash bowsprit of the French frigate, Pique, to his capstan.
^ Arthur Faunt , in religion Laurence Arthur (1554-1591), Jesuit:.entered Merton College, Oxford, 1568; placed in the Jesuit college at Louvain, 1670; B.A. Louvain; M.A. Munich; befriended by Pope Gregory XIII; first rector of Jesuit college at Posen, 1581; professor of Greek, moral theology, and controversy at Posen; highly esteemed by the Polish estates; died at Wilna; published 1 theological and philosophical works, writing also on Polish secular and ecclesiastical dissensions.
^ Nicholas Faunt (fl. 1572–1608), clerk of the signet; educated at Caius and Corpus Christi Colleges, Cambridge; brought news of St. Bartholomew massacre to England, 1572; secretary to Sir Francis Walsingham, c. 1580; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1585; clerk of the signet, 1603; friend of Anthony Bacon and Sir Francis Bacon; wroteA Discourse touching the Office of Principal Secretary of State 1592 (imprinted),
^ Henry Fauntleroy (1785–1824), banker and forger; partner in his father's bank of Marsh, Sibbald & Co., London, 1807-1824; arrested (1824) for fraudulently selling stock (1820) and for forging the trusteessignatures to a power of attorney; claimed to have been impelled by the desire of keeping up the credit of his banking house; executed, though numerous petitions were signed on his behalf, 1824.
^ Francis Fauquier (1704?–1768), lieutenant-governor of Virginia; F.R.S., 1753; lieutenant-governor of Virginia, 1758; dissolved Virginian House of Burgesses on passing of Patrick Henry's resolutions about taxation, 1765; published An Essay on Ways and Means of Raising Money for the present War without Increasing the Public Debts 1756; died at Williamsburg.
^ Bryan Faussett (1720–1776), antiquary; M.A. University College, Oxford, 1745; endeavoured to organise Jacobite volunteer corps, 1746; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford; rector of Monk's Horton; F.S.A., 1762; excavated Anglo-Saxon barrows in Kent and formed collection largely consisting of Anglo-Saxon ornaments.
^ Thomas Godfrey Faussett , afterwards T. G. Godfrey-Faussett (1829–1877), antiquary ; scholar and fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; F.S.A., 1859; barrister, 1862; honorary secretary, Kent Archaeological Society, 1863-73; auditor to Canterbury dean and chapter, 1866-77; contributed to archaeological journals.
^ Simon of Faversham (fl. 1300). See Simon.
^ John Favour (d. 1623), divine; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; fellow of New College, 1578; LL.D. Oxford, 1592; vicar of Halifax, 1594; warden of St. Mary Magdalen's Hospital at Ripon, Yorkshire, 1608 or 1616; prebendary and chantor of York, 1616; residentiary and chaplain to the archbishop; published a controversial Antiqvitie trivmphing over Noveltie 1619; lawyer and physician.
^ Benjamin Fawcett (1715–1780), dissenting minister; minister of Paul's Meeting, Taunton, 1741-6, of Kidderminster, 1745; published Candid Reflections laying stress on the number of legitimate interpretations of Trinitarianism, 1777.
^ Henry Fawcett (1833–1884), statesman; educated at Ring's College School, London, and Peterhouse, Cambridge; B.A. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1856; fellow of Trinity Hall, 1866; student at Lincoln's Inn, 1864; lost his eyesight by a shooting accident, 1858; published a Manual of Political Economy 1863; professor of political economy at Cambridge, 1863-84; issued pamphlets in favour of proportional representation, 1860; liberal.M.I for Brighton, after many defeats, 1865; largely contributed to passing of Reform Bill of 1867; re-elected for Brighton, 1868; M.P., Hackney, 1874; obtained appointment of committees upn Indian finance, 1871-3 and 1874; popularly known as themember for India; advocated decided action in the matter of the Bulgarian atrocities, 1876; co-operated with Lord Lawrence in trying to make the Afghan war unpopular; re-elected for Hackney, 1880; postmaster-general in Gladstone's second administration, 1880; established the parcels post, 1882; introduced stamp slip deposits scheme; doctor of political economy, WUrzburg, 1882; F.R.S., 1882; corresponding member of the Institute of France, 1884; honorary LL.D. Glasgow, and lord rector, 1883; a consistent follower of John Stuart Mill. Most of his Cambridge lectures on political economy subsequently appeared in book form.
^ James Fawcett (1752–1831), Norrisian professor at Cambridge; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1777; Constable fellow, 1777; Lady Margaret's preacher, 1782; B.D., 1785; Norrisian professor of divinity, 1795-1816; vicar of St. Sepulchre's, Cambridge, and (1801-31) rector of Thursford and Great Snoring.
^ John Fawcett (d. 1793), actor ; played at Drury Lane and Covent Garden, and in Dublin.
^ John Fawoett (1740–1817), baptist theologian; baptist minister at Halifax; D.D.; best known by his 'Devotional Commentary on the Holy Scriptures 1811.
^ John Fawcett (1768–1837), actor and dramatist; son of John Fawcett (d. 1793); entered St. Paul's School, 1776; acted in Tate Wilkinson's company at York, 1787; played Jemmy Jumps in O'Keeffe's Farmer having been advised to devote his attention to low comedy; engaged for Covent Garden, 1791; held to eclipse all his contemporaries except Cooke as Falstaff in. the Merry Wives of Windsor 1796; played Dr. Pangloss in Column's Heir-at-Law 1797; stage-manager of the Haymarket, 1799-1802; superseded in the management of Covent Garden, 1829; treasurer and trustee of the Covent Garden Theatrical Fund, 1808-37; composed some pantomimes and spectacular ballets.
^ John Fawcett , the younger (1825?–1857), organist; son of John Fawcett the elder; organist of St. John's Church, Farnworth, 1826-42, of Earl Howe's Curzon Street church, and of Bolton parish church; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1862.
^ John Fawcett , the elder (1789–1867), composer; organist, professor of music, and composer at Bolton: choirmaster of three chapels ac Kendal and others in the midlands; upheld Lancashire sol-fa system of notation: composed anthems and psalm and hymn tunes.
^ Joseph Fawcett (d. 1804), dissenting minister and poet; morning preacher at Walthamstow, 1780-7; Sunday-evening lecturer at the Old Jewry; published sermons and poems, including War Elegies 1801.
^ Joshua Fawcett (d. 1864), miscellaneous writer ; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1836; honorary canon of Ripon, and chaplain to the bishop, 1860; published 'A Harmony of the Gospels 1836, and miscellaneous works, largely on the archaeology of Yorkshire churches.
^ Sib William Fawcett (1728–1804), general; ensign during the45; volunteer before Maestricht, 1748; ensign, 1751; adjutant; translated Marshal Saxe's Reveries or Memoirs of the Art of War 1757; aide-de-camp to General Eliott in Germany, 1757: announced victory of Warburg to George II in German, and was rewarded by a lieutenant-colonelcy, 1760; enlisted Hessians and Brunswickers to serve against America, c. 1775; governor of Gravesend; major-general, 1782; K.B., 1786; superseded as adjutant-general after the disastrous campaign in .c landers, 1784-6; general, 1796; privy councillor, 1789. xviii. 26ij
^ Sir Everard Fawkener (1684–1758), merchant and official; London merchant, probably in the silk and cloth trade; intimate with Voltaire, who began to write Brutus at his house; knighted, 1735: ambassador to Constantinople, 1,735; censured for precipitancy, 1736; secretary to the Duke of Cumberland; witness against his acquaintance, Lord Lovat, who declined to examine him, 1747; joint postmaster-general, 1745-68.
^ Francis Fawkes (1720–1777), poet and divine; scholar of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1742; M.A., 1748; given church preferment by Archbishop Herring; bewailed Herring's death inAurelius an elegy, 1767; curate of Downe, 1774-7; translated Theocritus, 1767 Auacreon, Sappho, Bion, Moschus, and Musaeus, 1760; modernised parts of Gawin Douglas, 1752 and 1754; composedThe Brown Jug a famous comic song; considered by his contemporaries the best translator since Pope.
^ Guy Fawkes (1570–1606), conspirator; of protestant parentage; adopted Roman Catholicism; disposed of his estate; enlisted (1593) in the Spanish army in Flanders; present at capture of Calais, 1595; had no share in originating Gunpowder plot; accompanied Catesby to a secret meeting with Velasco, the constable of Castile, 1604; deputed to fire the powder under the Houses of Parliament, 1605; undertook to watch the cellar by himself, unaware that the plot had become known at court, 3 Nov. 1605; discovered, 4 Nov. 1606; revealed under torture the names of his fellow-conspirators, 9 Nov. 1605; exoneratedthe holy fathers from all share in the conspiracy; executed,
^ Walter Ramsden Fawkes (1769–1825), miscellaneous writer; M.P., Yorkshire, 1802-7; abolitionist; high sheriff of Yorkshire, 1823; an early patron of Turner; agriculturist and cattle-breeder; chief work, The Chronology of the History of Modern Europe 1810.
^ John Pascoe Fawkner (1792–1869), Australian settler; son of a convict; practised various trades in Tasmania; undertook the Launceston Advertiser,* clianging ite name to Tasmanian Advertiser 1829; did much to stimulate and direct his associates, the founders of Victoria; started Melbourne Advertiser 1838; commenced Port Phillip Patriot 1839; helped to bring about final separation of Victoria from New South Wales ;n 1850 by getting Melbourne to choose as its representative in the legislative council at Sydney first Lord Grey and then five of the leading English statesmen; member for Anglesea, Dalhousie, and Talbot in the new council of Victoria; helped to found Australian League, 1851.
^ Nicholas Fazakerley (d. 1767), lawyer and politician; barrister, Middle Temple; an authority on conveyancing; occasionally retained in state trials; M.P., Preston, 1732-67; recorder of Preston, 1742-67; resolutely opposed the marriage clause in Lord Hardwicke's Regency Bill, 1751; Jacobite.
^ George Fead (1729?-1815), lieutenant-general ; colonel-commandant, fourth battalion royal artillery; lieutenant-fireworker royal artillery, 1756; present at siege of Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1768; commanded artillery in Minorca, 1774-81, subsequently in Jamaica; lieutenant-governor of Port Royal and lieutenant-general, 1810.
^ Christopher Feake (fl. 1645–1660), Fifth monarchy man; vicar of All Saints, Hertford, 1646; vicar of Christ Church, Newgate, 1649; vilified Cromwell, 1653; liberated from confinement, 1656; published millenarian writings and attacks on the quakers.
^ Fearchair or Ferchardus I (622?–636?), fifty-second king of Scottish Dalriada according to Boece and Buchanan, ninth according to the rectified list of Father Innes.
^ Fearchair Fada (The Long) or or Ferchardus II (d. 697), fifty-fourth king of Scottish Dalriada according to Boece and Buchanan, twelfth according to Father Inues; possibly led a revolt against the Britons and Angles.
^ Feargal (d. 785). See Fergil.
^ Henry Noel Fearn - (1811–1868). See Henry Christmas.
^ John Fearn (1768?–1837), philosopher; served in the royal navy; professed to base on induction a philosophy which he unfolded in A Manual of the Physiology of Mind 1829, and other works.
^ Charles Fearne (1742–1794), legal writer; educated at Westminster; resided for some time at the Inner Temple; discovered new process of dyeing morocco; compared by Lord Campbell to Pascal or Sir Isaac Newton for his Essay OB the Learning of Contingent Remainders and Executory Devises 1772.
^ John Feary (fl. 1770–1788), landscape-painter; obtained premium from the Society of Arts for a drawing from Duke of Richmond's gallery, 1766: exhibited at the Free Society of Artists, 1770-1, at the Royal Academy, 1772-88.
^ Isaac Earl Featherston (1813–1876), New Zealand statesman; M.D. Edinburgh, 1836; settled at Wellington, New Zealand, 1840; advocated cause of settlers under New Zealand Company, his action ultimately leading to New Zealand Constitution Act of 1853: -superintendent of the province of Wellington; supported 1 provincialism; denounced Maori war, 1860; agentgeneral for New Zealand, 1871-6.
^ Daniel Featley or Faiclough (1582–1645), controversialist; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1594; B.A., 1601; probationer-fellow, 1602; M.A., 1605; domestic chaplain to Abbot, archbishop of Canterbury, till 1625; D.D., 1617; rector of Lambeth, 1619, of All Hallows, Bread Street, before 1625, of Acton, 1627; published, by direction of Archbishop Abbot, report of conference between Featley and some Jesuits, 1624; engaged, with James I, in a scholastick duel 1625; composed Ancilla Pietatis a devotional manual, much used by Charles 1, 1626; provost of Chelsea College, 1630; re(used to turn the communion table in his church at Lambeth altar-wise; one of the sub-committee to settle religion 1641; narrowly escaped being murdered, 16421643, as an adherent of the church of England; reported jome proceedings against him before the exchequer court (1643) in Spongia 1644; member of the Westminster assembly, 1643; best-known work, KaTaa7rrirTai u The Dippers dipt 1645.
^ John Featley or Fairclough (1605?–1666), divine; nephew of Daniel Featley; chorister of All Souls.College, Oxford; B.A., 1624;first preacher of the Gospelin St. Christopher's, 1626; chaplain to Charles I, 1639-43; chaplain extraordinary to the king, precentor of Lincoln, and prebendary, 1660: D.D. Oxford, by royal mandamus, 1661.
^ Richard Featley (1621–1682). See Fairclough.
^ Saint Fechin (d. 664), bom in Connaught : bade Themaria, queen of Diarmait, king of Meath,flnd the way of her salvation in dressing the sores of a leper; founded the abbeys of Cong and Eas-dara with ten other religious houses.
^ Charles Albert Fechter (1824–1879), actor and dramatist; of German origin; made, as pensionnaire, his debut at the Comedie Franchise in 1844; performed at Berlin, 1846; first appeared in London with a French company in version of Sophocles's Antigone * at St. James's Theatre, 1847; played Armand Duval in La Dame aux Camelias with brilliant success at the Vaudeville, Paris, 1852; abandoned the French for the English stage in 1860, and thenceforth acted in English; gave famous representation of Hamlet at the Princess's Theatre, 1861; failed as Othello, 1861; lessee of the Lyceum, 1863-7, acting in English translations or adaptations, sometimes his own, from the French melodrama; manager of the Globe Theatre, New York, 1870-1; excelled in the role of lover; died near Philadelphia.
^ John de Feckenham (1618?-1585), last abbot of Westminster: of humble origin; admitted into Evesham monastery; B.D. Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1539; rector of Solihull; chaplain to bishops Bell and (1543-9) Bonner; private chaplain and confessor to Queen Mary, 1553; prebendary, and subsequently dean, of St. Paul's, 1654; saved twenty-eight at one time from the stake in Mary's reign; D.D. Oxford, 1556: mitred abbot of the refounded abbey of St. Peter's, Westminster, 1656: revived privileges of sanctuary, 1657; lost the favour of Elizabeth by stoutly maintaining hi- religious faith, removed from the abbey, 1669; sent to the Tower fur railing against the changes that had been made: committed to the charge of Richard Cox, bishop of Kly. 1577; known to have writtenCommentaries on the Psalms, and some theological treatises.
^ Edward Feild (1801–1876), bishop of Newfoundland; educated at Rugby and Queen's Collegre, Oxford; M.A., 1826; Michel fellow, 1825-33: curate of Kidllngton, 1827-34; incumbent of English Bicknor, 1834-44; built schools in both these parishes; inspector of schools, 1840; D.D., 1844; bishop of Newfoundland, 1844; procured building of a cathedral at St. John's; worked energetically for his diocese; refused diocese of Montreal, 1868; died in Bermuda.
^ John Feild, Feilde or Field, (1525?–1587), puritan divine; educated at Oxford University; imprisoned, as a heretic, in Newgate, with Thomas Wileox for presenting to parliament An Admonition and a petition for relief, 1572-3; preacher and catechist of St. Mary Aldermary, 1573-7; inhibited by Aylmer, 1577; suspended, 1684; published A Caveat for Parsons Hovvlet 1581, A Godly Exhortation 1583, and translations from several foreign divines.
^ Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh (d. 1674), eldest sou of William Feilding, first earl; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; K.B., 1626; summoned to Lords as Baron Feilding of Newnham Paddox, 1628; volunteer at the siege of Bois-le-Duc, 1629; ambassador extraordinary to Venetian republic, 1634-9; , fought for parliament at Edgehill, 1642; commauder-inchief of parliamentarian forces in Warwick, Worcester, I Stafford, Shropshire, Coventry, and Lichfield, 1643; defeated royalists near Dudley, 1644; suspected of halfheartedness, and superseded, 1644; a commissioner for the treaty of Uxbridge, 1645; refused to have any share in the trial of Charles I, 1648; state councillor, 1649-51; gradually went over to the royalists; created Baron St. Liz, 1664.
^ Robert Feilding , called Beau Feilding (1651?1712), related to the Denbigh family; given a regiment by James II, whom he followed to Ireland; sat in Irish parliament for Gowran, 1689: married, on 9 Nov. 1705, Mary Wadsworth, whom a matchmaker had enabled to personate Mrs. Deleau, a rich widow; on 25 Nov. 1706 he also married the Duchess of Cleveland; convicted of bigamy, 1706; ridiculed by Swift.
^ William Feilding, first Earl of Denbigh (d. 1643), educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge: knighted, 1603; married Buckingham's sister, and became (1622) master of th great wardrobe; created Baron Feilding, 1620, and Earl of Denbigh, 1622; followed Buck i iugham and Prince Charles to Spain, 1623; commanded ! fleet despatched to relieve Rocbelle, 1628; member of council of Wales, 1633; made voyage to India, 1631; volunteer under Prince Rupert; mortally wounded in Rupert's attack on Nottingham.
^ Gregor von Feinaigle (1765?–1819), mnemonist; born at Baden; lectured on local and symbolical memory at Paris, 1806; ridiculed on the stage by Dieula foy in Les filles de memoire; lectured in England and Scotland, 1811; published The New Art of Memory ; 1812, a system founded on the topical memory of Cicero and Quiutilian. A mnemonic school was placed under his personal superintendence at Dublin.
^ Saint Felix (d. 647?), bishop of Dunwich; a native of Burgundy; consecrated bishop of East-Anglia by Honorius; founded school, perhaps at Cambridge, and, according to the Liber Eliensis, monastery at Soham, near Ely; his day, 8 March.
^ John Felix (fl. 1498), Benedictine monk of Westminster; wrote life of John Estney, abbot of Westminster from 1474 to 1498.
^ N. Felix (pseudonym). See Nicholas Wanostrocht, 1804-1876.
^ Charles Fell (1687–1763), Roman catholic divine; of French extraction; his real name Umfreville; studied at Paris and Douay: priest, 1713; D.D., 1716: missioner in England; irregularly elected member of chapter, 1732; deposed by a court of appeal; financially ruined by his Lives of Salute 1729.
^ Henry Fell (fl. 1672), quaker; missionary in the West Indies; travelling preacher in England; nearly killed (1660) in the Fifth-monarchy rising; his project of preaching in Prester John's country and China thwarted by the action of the East India Company, 1661; died probably in Barbados; published quaker pamphlets.
^ John Fell (1625–1686), dean of Christ Church and bishop of Oxford; son of Samuel Fell; student of Christ Church, 1636; M.A., 1643; ejected from studentship, 1648; dean of Christ Church, 1660; D.D. Oxford, and chaplain to the king, 1660; built the tower over the principal gateway of Christ Church, to which he transferred the re-cast bell,Great Tom; procured every year the publication of some classical author, giving each member of his college a copy; vice-chancellor of Oxford, 1666-9; friend of Humphrey Prideaux; projected printing of a Malay gospel; bishop of Oxford, 1675; reluctantly expelled John Locke from Christ Church, 1684; summoned the undergraduates to take up arms against Monmouth, 1685; theme of Tom Brown's epigram I do not like yon, Dr. Fell. His chief publication was a critical edition of St. Cyprian, 1682.
^ John Fell (1735–1797), congregational minister and classical tutor; minister of congregational church at Thaxted, Essex, 1770-87; classical tutor at Homerton, 1787-97; compelled to resign by insubordination of students, 1797: controverted views of Hugh Farmer and Joshua Toulmin, D.D.
^ Leonard Fell (d. 1700), quaker: repeatedly imprisoned for interrupting services between 1654 and 1657; imprisoned for refusing to pay tithes, 1666; worked in North Wales and Cumberland; so impressed a highwayman on one occasion by his Christian charity that his stolen property was returned.
^ Margaret Fell (1614–1702), quakeress; nee Askew; married, c. 1632, Thomas Fell; converted by George Fox when her guest, 1652; entreated Oliver Cromwell to protect the quakers, 1655-7; called Charles II's attention to his declaration at Breda; prevailed on Charles II to release more than four thousand Friends from prison, 1661; exempted by Charles II from liability to sentence of prsemunire, 1664; sentenced by a Lancashire magistrate to the penalties of praemunire, 1664; released from prison, 1668; married, as second husband, George Fox, 1669; petitioned Charles II for the release of her husband, but refused a pardon, considering him innocent, 1673; published religious works.
^ Samuel Fell (1684–1649), dean of Christ Church : educated at Westminster; M.A. Christ Chnrch, Oxford, 1608; D.D., 1619; chaplain to James I; canon of Christ; Church, 1619-37; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1626-37; dean of Lichfleld, 1638; dean of Christ Church, 1638; wrote to Laud about the excessive number of alehouses in Oxford, 1637; vice-chancellor, 1645-7; deprived, 1647; died of grief at Charles I's execution,
^ Thomas Fell (1598–1658), vice-chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster; barrister, Gray'a Inn, 1631: J.P. for I Lancashire, 1641; M.P., Lancaster, 1645; vice-chancellor; of the duchy and attorney for the county palatine, 1649; bencher of Gray's Inn, 1651; judge of assize for Chester and North Wales circuit, 1651; lent his house, Swarthmore Hall, for quaker meetings; withdrew from public life, disapproving of the Protector's assumption of authority.
^ William Fell (1758?–1848), author; school-master at Manchester, Wilmslow, and Lancaster; published, among other works, A System of Political Economy 1808.
^ James Fellowes (fl. 17 10-1730), portrait-painter; known for portraits of eminent clergymen of hia time; represented Dr. White Kennett as Judas Iscariot.
^ Sir James Fellowes (1771–1867), physician; brother of Sir Thomas Fellowes; educated at Eton and Peterhouse, and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge; Perse fellow; M.D., 1803; F.R.C.P., 18d5; physiclan to the forces; sent to investigate and treat pestilential fever in San Domingo, 1804: knighted, 1809; chief of the medical staff at Cadiz till 1815; described in 1815 the Andalusian pestilence.
^ Robert Fellowes (1771–1847), philanthropist; M.A. St. Mary Hall, Oxford, 1801; editor ofCritical Review 1804-11; friend of Dr. Parr and Queen Caroline; LL.D.; benefactor of Edinburgh University; a promoter of London University; instituted Fellowes medals in University College, London; advocated Jewish emancipation; liberal thinker in religion: published, among other works, Morality united with Policy 1800, and The Religion of the Universe 1836.
^ Sir Thomas Fellowes (1778–1853), rearadmiral; brother of Sir James Fellowes; master's mate in royal navy, 1797; lieutenant, 1807; heroically spiked battery at Guadeloupe, 1809; commanded gunboats at Cadiz, 1810-11; decorated by Greece and Russia for his services at the battle of Navarino, 1827; knighted, 1828; D.C.L. Oxford, 1830; rear-admiral, 1847.
^ Sir Charles Fellows (1799–1860), traveller and archaeologist; member of the British Association, 1820; discovered ruins of Xanthus and of Tlos. 1838; published Journal 1839; discovered thirteen ancient cities in Lycia, after 1839: obtained firman from Constantinople permitting him to explore, 1841; published An Account of Discoveries in Lycia 1841; published, to refute misstatement, The Xauthian Marbles, their Acqnisition and Transmission to England 1843; knighted, 1845; Lycian numismatologist.
^ Owen Felltham (1602?–1668), author of 'Resolves; published, c. 1620, Resolves a series of moral essays, when eighteen years of age; secretary or chaplain to the Earl of Thomond; contributed to Jonsonus Virbius 1638; called the dead Charles I Christ the Second; pubTishiii Brief Character of the Low Countries 1652.
^ Henry Felton (1679–1740), divine; educated at Westminster, Charterhouse, and St. Edmund Hall, Oxford: M.A., 1702; in charge of the English church at Amsterdam, 1708-9; domestic chaplain to three dukes of Rutland; presented to rectory of Whitwell, 1711; D.D., 1712; controverted Locke's theory of personality and identity, 1725: his Lady Moyer lectures (1728-9) published asThe Christian Faith asserted against Deists, tc. 1732.
^ John Felton (fl. 1430), divine; fellow of St. Mary Magdalen College, Oxford; professor of theology and vicarius Magdalensis Oxonii extra muros; presented books to Balliol College, 1420: left sermons and an Alphabetum theologicum ex opusculis Rob. Grost. collectum
^ John Felton (d. 1570), Roman catholic layman ; affixed Pius V's excommunication of Elizabeth to the gates of the bishop of London's palace, 1570: arrested and hanged, 1670.
^ John Felton (1595?–1628). assassin of the Duke of Buckingham; of a good Suffolk family; lieutenant at Cadiz, 1625; his application to Buckingham for a captain's commission scornfully refused, 1627; was incited by readingThe Golden Epistlesto plan Buckingham's assassination, 1628: stabbed Buckingham at Portsmouth, 1628; described as a national benefactor in popular ballads; hanged.
^ Nicholas Felton (1656–1620), bishop of Ely; son of a sailor; fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1583; M.A., 1584; D.D., 1602; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1616; bishop of Bristol, 1617-19; master of Pembroke, 1617-19; bishop of Ely, 1619; favoured puritans; compiled statutes for Merchant Taylors in reference to annual probation days; helped to translate Epistles for Authorised Version.
^ Sir Thomas Felton (d. 1381), seneschal of Aquitaine; took part in battle of Crecy, 1346, and capture of Calais, 1347; fought at Poitiers, 1356; signatory to treaty of Bretigny, 1360; seneschal of Aquitaine; despatched to conduct Don Pedro of Castile to his intending ally, the Black Prince; taken prisoner by Henry of Trastamare's forces, 1367; joint-governor of Aquitaine, 1372; seneschal of Bordeaux; caused Guillsume de Pommiers and bis secretary to be beheaded for treason, 1377; K.G., 1381.
^ Thomas Felton (1567? –1588), Franciscan friar; son of John Felton (d. 1570); received the first tonsure at Rheims, 1583; returned to England, being unable to endure Minims austerities; hanged for refusing the oath of supremacy.
^ Sir William Felton (d. 1367), seneschal of Poitou; took part in battle of Halidon Hill, 1333; fought at Crecy, 1346: lord justice of all the king's lands in Scotland, 1348; fought at battle of Poitiera, 1356; seneschal of Poitou, 1360; accompanied Black Prince on Spanish campaign, 1367; called by Ghandos herald Felleton Guilliam qui ot coeur de lyoii; killed in skirmish at Inglesmundi in Alava.
^ William Felton (1713–1769), composer; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1745; chaplain to the Princess Dowager of Wales; composed three sets of six concertos, modelled on Handel's; composed the glee, Fill, fill, fill the glass.
^ Lady Eleanor Fenn (1743–1813), author; wife of Sir John Fenn; wrote, under the names of Mrs. Lovechild and Mrs. Teachwell, educational works for the young.
^ Humphrey Fenn (d. 1634), puritan divine; B.A. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1573; M.A. Peterhouse, 1576; vicar of Holy Trinity, Coventry, 1578-84: suspended (1584) for refusing to subscribe Whitgift's three articles; restored, 1585; again suspended, 1590; cited before the Star-chamber, 1591; remanded, 1591; released, 1592; protested against episcopacy in his will.
^ James Fenn (d. 1584), Roman catholic priest; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1554; fellow, 1558; B.A., 1559, but put aside for refusing the oath of supremacy; ordained priest at Chalons-sur-Marne, 1580; missioner in Somerset; executed as a priest.
^ John Fenn (d. 1615), Roman catholic divine; brother of James Fenn; chorister of Wells; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; perpetual fellow, 1552; schoolmaster at Bury St. Edmunds; confessor to English Augustinian nuns at Louvain, where he died; martyrologist, hagiologist, and writer or translator of Italian devotional works.
^ Sir John Fenn (1739–1794), antiquary; M.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1764; J.P. for Norfolk; M.S.A.; edited manuscript of Paston letters, which he acquired from Thomas Worth, a chemist at Diss; knighted, 1787; sheriff of Norfolk, 1791.
^ Joseph Finch Fenn (1820–1884), honorary canon of Gloucester; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1846; fellow, 1844-7; B.D., 1877; perpetual curate of Christ Church, Cheltenham, 1860; chaplain to the bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, 1877; honorary canon, 1879; promoted free library movement in Cheltenham.
^ James Fennell (1766–1816), actor and dramatist; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; entered Lincoln's Inn; engaged at Theatre lloyal, Edinburgh, 1787; appeared at Covent Garden as Othello, 1787; objected to a proposal that he should play Pierre instead of Jaffier in Venice Preserved at Edinburgh; after some legal difficulties occasioned by the subsequent riot consented to a compromise, 1788; reappeared at Covent Garden as Othello; brought out at Richmond his Linda and Clara a comedy, 1791; acted in New York, Boston, and elsewhere, 1797-1806; kept an academy at Charlestown, Massachusetts; established saltworks near New London, Connecticut, 1814.
^ John Greville Fennell (1807–1885), artist, naturalist, and angler; drew pictures of the tournament at Eglinton Castle for the Illustrated London News; member of * Field staff from 1853; intimate with Dickens, Thackeray, and other literary men; published The Rail and the Rod and The Book of the Roach 1870.
^ Dudley Fenner (1658?–1587), puritan divine; fellow-commoner of Peterhouse, Cambridge. 1576: expelled for puritanical tendencies; followed Thomas Oart wright to Antwerp; induced by the tolerant spirit of Archbishop Grindal to return to England: curate at Cranbrook, 1583; suspended for refusing to subscribe Whitgift's three articles, 1584; published works including Sacra Theologia 1586, and, posthumously,The Whole ne of the Sacramentes 1588, as well as verserendering The Song of Bongs 1587 and 1694; died in charge of the reformed church at Middleburg.
^ Edward Fenner (d. 1612), judge; barrister, Middle Temple; reader, 1676; Serjeant, 1577; J.P. for Surrey; justice of king's bench, 1590.
^ George Fenner (d. 1600?), naval commander; engaged in trading to Gold Coast, 1566, and Low Countries, 1570; as freebooter came frequently into conflict with Spanish and French ships; accompanied Essex on IslandsVoyage, 1597; brought news of supposed approach of Armada to Plymouth, 1697, which occasioned naval mobilisation, 1597.
^ Thomas Fenner (d. 1590?), naval commander ; flag-captain under Drake on Indies voyage, 1686; probably rear-admiral in Drake's Cadiz expedition, 1587; vice-admiral against Armada, 1588, and in expedition to Corufia, 1589.
^ William Fenner (1600–1640), puritan divine; M.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1619; forced to leave cure of Sedgley on account of his puritanical principles, c. 1627; B.D., 1627; incumbent of Rochford, 1 629-40; wrote theological treatises.
^ Elizabeth Fenning (1792–1815), criminal; hanged for mixing arsenic in the food of her employer, Orlibar Turner; strongly asseverated her innocence; verdict against her twice reconsidered by home office: hanged, 26 June 1815.
^ Fenton, first Viscount (1566–1639). See Thomas Erskine.
^ Edward Fenton (d. 1603), captain and navigator; commanded under Sir Henry Sidney in Ireland, 1566; published Certaine Secrete Wonders of Nature 1569, recently discovered to be a translation of Boaistuau's compilation of Greek and Roman anecdotes; sailed in Frobisher's second voyage to discover north-west passage to Cathay and Meta Incognita, 1577; built a house for the members of Frobisher's third expedition upon the Countess of Warwick's (Kod-lu-aru) Island, 1578; sent on a trading expedition to Moluccas and China by way of Cape of Good Hope, nominally to discover the north-west passage, 1582; thought of making himself king of St. Helena; served against Spanish Armada, 1588.
^ Edward Dyne Fenton (d. 1880), author; lieutenant, 1849; captain, 1858; served at Gibraltar, 1860-70; published sketches, including Sorties from Gib. in quest of Sensation and Sentiment 1872.
^ Elijah Fenton (1683–1730), poet; B.A. Jesus College, Cambridge, 1704; secretary to Earl of Orrery in Flanders; head-master of Sevenoaks grammar school; published poems (1707) which attracted attention of Duke of Marlborough; instructed Craggs, secretary of state, in literature, 1720; translated the first, fourth, nineteenth, and twentieth books of the Odyssey for Pope, completely catching Pope's manner; edited Milton and (1729) Waller. His poems include a successful tragedy, Mariamiie 1723.
^ Sir Geoffrey Fenton (1539?–1608), translator and statesman; dedicated to Lady Mary Sydney, from Paris, a collection of novels by Bandello translated from French versions of Boaistuau and Belleforest, 1567; published Mouophylo, a Philosophical Discourse and Division of Love 1572; translated from the French Guicciardini's Wars of Italy 1579; served on an Irish campaign, 1580; principal secretary of state in Ireland from 1580: thrown into the debtorsprison at Dublin by Lord deputy Perrot, against whom he had laid accusations, 15S: knighted, 1589; joint-secretary for Ireland with Sir Richard Coke; advocated assassination of Earl of Desmond as means of ending Munster rebellion.
^ Lavinia Fenton, afterwards Duchess of Bolton (1708-1760), actress; learned new songs when a girl from a comedian belonging to the old house; appeared at the Haymarket as Monimia in Otway's Orphans 1726; appeared at Lincoln's Inn Fields as Polly Peacham in Gay's Beggar's Opera 1728, after which she became the rage; played Ophelia inHamlet 1728; mistress, and (1761) wife, of Charles Paulet, third duke of Bolton
^ Richard Fenton (1746–1821), topographer and loet: educated at St. David's cathedral school; barrister. Middle Temple; left manuscript translation of the Deipnosophists; His works include Poems 1773, A Catholicism, and subsequently to protestantism; poor j student at Oxford, where he taught Hebrew; matriculated I at Cambridge, 1596; professor at Leyden, where he died; I translated into Latin from the Hebrew a work on the Mo-aic law, 1597.
^ George Ferebe, Feribye, or Ferrabee (fl. 1613), composer; chorister of Magdalen College; Historical Tour through Pembrokeshire 1811, and I Oxford: M.A., 1595; vicar of Bishop's Cannings; enterMemoirs of an Old Wig 1815. tained Anne, the queen consort, with a four-part song set I to wind-instrument music, 1613, and was made chaplain ! to the king.
^ Roger Fenton (1565–1615), divine; fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; vicar of Chigwell, 1606; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1609; preacher to the readers at Gray's Inn; D.D.; published A Treatise of Usurie 1611; took part in translation of bible; his theological writings published posthumously.
^ Lord Fentonbarns (d. 1616). See John Preston.
^ Francis Fenwick (1645–1694), Benedictine monk; doctor of the Sorbonne; D.D.; agent of James II at the papal court: abbot-president of St. Gregory's College at Rome; died in Rome.
^ George Fenwick (1603?–1657), parliamentarian ; barrister at Gray's Inn, 1631; ancient, 1650: agent for the patentees of Connecticut, and governor of Saybrook fort, 1639-44; sold Saybrook to Connecticut under pledges which he broke, 1644; M.P. for Morpeth, 1645; commanded regiment of northern militia for parliament; governor of Berwick, 1648; commissioner for the trial of Charles I, but did not act, 1648; took part in Cromwell's invasion of Scotland; governor of Lei th and Edinburgh Castle, 1650: one of the commissioners for the government of Scotland, 1651; M.P. for Berwick, 1654 and 1656; excluded, 1656.
^ Sir John Fenwick or Fenwicke (1579–1658?), politician: M.P. for Northumberland, 1623-44; fcaronet by purchase, 1628; commissioner for suppression of violence in border districts, 1635; deputy-lieutenant of Northumberland; muster-master-general of the king's army, 1640; excluded from the House of Commons, 1644; readmitted, 1646; high sheriff of Northumberland.
^ John Fenwick vere Caldwell (1628–1679), Jesuit; of protestant parentage; Jesuit, 1656; procurator at St. Omer, 1662, and afterwards; professed father, 1675; procurator in London of St. Omer's College, 1675; executed on the information of Titus Oates, 1679.
^ Sir John Fenwick (1645?–1697), conspirator; colonel of foot, 1675; general, 1688; M.P., Northumberland, 1677, and at intervals till 1685; brought up the bill of attainder against Monmouth, 1685; insulted Queen Mary, 1691; privy to plot for William III's assassination, 1695, and Barclay and Charnock's plot, 1696; named major-general of the troops to be raised for King James; attempted to bribe two men who were likely to be witnesses against him, and was indicted on the information of one of them, 1696; arrested, 1696; offered for a pardon to reveal all that he knew of the Jacobite conspiracies, but did no more than cast aspersion on the whig leaders, 1696; examined before the king and the House of Commons; attainted, the law requiring the evidence of two witnesses in cases of treason being dispensed with; shrank from adopting Monmouth's advice to save himself by challenging inquiry into the truth of his allegations against the whig leaders; beheaded.
^ George Fenwicke (1690–1760), divine; fellowof ' St. John's College, Cambridge, 1710; rector of Hallaton, 1722-60; B.D.; published devotional works,
^ John Fenwicke (d. 1658), parliamentarian; master of Sherborne Hospital, 1644: lieutenant-colonel in parliamentarian army; defeated Irish rebels near Trim, 1647; mortally wounded in battle of the Dunes, 1658.
^ Feologeld (d. 832), archbishop of Canterbury; abbot of a Kentish monastery, 803; archbishop of Canteroury, 832.
^ Ferchard kings of Scotland. See Fearchair.
^ Philip Ferdinand (1555?–1598), hebraist; born in Poland of Jewish parents; converted to Roman
^ Francis Paul Ferg (1689-1740), painter; born in Vienna; gained reputation at Dresden for small landscapes, sea-pieces, and peasant scenes; employed in Chelsea china manufactory; died of want in London.
^ Fergil or VniGILIUS, SAINT (d. 785), bishop of Salzburg; a descendant of Niall of the Nine Hostages; abbot of Aghaboe till 746; abbot of St. Peter's at Salzburg, c. 747; accused to Pope Zachary by St. Boniface of maintaining the existence of antipodes; his expulsion from the church directed by Zachary; bishop of Salzburg, 756; sent missionaries to" Carinthia (part of his diocese); Apostle of Carinthia; travelled through Carinthia and as far as Slavouia; concealed his episcopal orders; called 4 the Geometer; canonised, 1233.
^ Fergus I (fl. 330 B.C. ?), son of Ferchard, the first king of Scotland, according to Boece and Buchanan's fictitious chronology; said to have come to Scotland from Ireland to assist the Scots against the joint-attack of the Picts and Britons, and to have been drowned on his return to Ireland, c. 330 B.C.
^ Fergus II (d. 501), the first Dalriada king in Sootland; came from Ulster with his brothers, Lorn and Angus, and took possession of Cantyre and adjacent islands.
^ John Fergushill (1592?–1644), Scottish divine ; educated at Edinburgh and Glasgow universities and in France: laureatus of Glasgow, 1612; suspended from cure of Ochilttee for declining jurisdiction of high commission court, 1620; reinstituted; transferred to Ayr, 1639.
^ Adam Ferguson (1723–1816), professor of philosophy at Edinburgh: bursar of St. Andrews; M.A. St. Andrews, 1742; studied divinity at Edinburgh; present as chaplain of Black Watch at battle of Fontenoy, 1745: abandoned clerical profession, 1 754; librarian, Advocates Library, 1757; professor of natural philosophy, Edinburgh, 1769; professor ofpneumatics and moral philosophy Edinburgh, 1764-85; published anEssay on Civil Society 1766, which was unfavourably regarded by Hume; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1766; republished his lecture notes in Institutes of Moral Philosophy 1772; dismissed on account of absence, but reinstated (1776) after legal proceedings; visited Voltaire at Ferney; secretary to British commissioners at Philadelphia, 1778; regarded Macpherson's Ossian as genuine: published History of the Progress and Termination of the Roman Republic 1782; professor of mathematics, 1785: published Principles of Moral and Political Science 1792.
^ Sir Adam Ferguson (1771–1855), keeper of the regalia in Scotland; sou of Adam Ferguson; companion of Sir Walter Scott at Edinburgh University, and afterwards: captain, 101st regiment, 1808; read the Lady of the Lake canto VI, to his company in the lines of Torres Vedras; keeper of the regalia of Scotland, 1818; knighted, 1822.
^ David Ferguson (d. 1598), Scottish reformer; glover; sent to Dunfermline as minister; preached before the regent against appropriation of church property to governmental purposes, 1572; moderator of the general assembly, 1573 and 1578; formed one of a deputation which admonished James VI to beware of innovations in court 1583; compiled a collection of Scottish Proverbs (published 1641), and wrote a critical analysis of the Song of Solomon.
^ James Ferguson (1621–1667), Scottish divine; graduate of Glasgow, 1638; minister of Kilwinning, 1643; appointed to the Glasgow professorship of divinity, 1661, but did not take it up; resolutioner; his Refutation of the Errors of Toleration etc., published, 1692.
^ James Ferguson (d. 1705), major-general, colonel of the Cameronians: brother of Robert hYnriison tinPlotter; served in Holland as quartermaster in the Scots brigade, 1677: summoned to join royalist forces airain -t Monmouth, 1686; captain, l687: landed with Williamof Orange at Torbay, 1688; reduced the western MM; fought at Steinkirk, 1692; led the 1st Cameronians at Landen, 1693, and at siege of Namur, 1695; colonel, 1693; fought at Blenheim, 1704; major-general; his sudden death at Bois-le-Duc possibly due to poison.
^ James Ferguson (1710–1776), astronomer; displayed original genius in mechanics when nine years old; constructed terrestrial globe from Gordon's Geographical Uniminar patronised by Sir James Dunbar and Lady Dipple, the latter of whom enabled him to become a portrait-painter; contrive astronomical rotula; constructed orrery, 1742; invented a tide-dial, an eclipsareon ( 1754, anda universal dialling cylinder 1767: published Astronomy explained on Sir Isaac Newton's Principles 1756: observed transit of Venus with six-foot reflector; F.R.S., 1763; presented to the Royal Society (1763) a 1685; accompanied expedition of William of orauge to Torbay, 1688; published pamphlet* in support of William III; housekeeper at the excise; became a Jacobite, his hopes of reward being unsatisfied; declared the revolut'on to have been a design of the Vatirtui in his History of the Revolution 1700; superseded at the excise. 1692; askedWhether the 1'arlianu-ut lw not in Law dissolved by the death of the Princess of Orange ? 1695; privy to Sir George Barclay's plot; gave information which led to frustration of the machinations of Simon Fraser, twelfth lord Lovat againat the Duke of Atholl, 1703: committed to Newgate for treason, 1704; admitted to bail and never tried.
^ James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary; of French descent; born at Charleston; indexed Irish Exchequer Records; clerk and secretary to commission for arranging records of Irish courts, 1850-2; purchased at his own cost some Irish records in the possession of a Suabian baron, having travelled to Switzerland for the purpose; contributed to Topographer and Genealogistpapers illustrative of law and society in seventeenth-century Ireland; chief work,Remarks on the Limitations of Actions Bill intended for Ireland 1843.
^ Sir Ronald Craufurd Ferguson (1773–1841 ), general; captain, 1793; lieutenant-colonel, 1794: coprojection of the partial solar eclipse of 1764; lectured on j operated from India in reduction of Cape of Good Hope, electricity; published The Young Gentleman's and 1795; colonel, 1800; quitted Pulteney on his refusing to Lady's Astronomy 1768; frequently discussed mechanics witli George III; unhappy in his domestic relations; published, though ignorant of geometry, The Art of Drawing in Perspective 1776.
^ John Ferguson (1787–1856), founder of the Ferguson bequest; settled at Irvine, Ayrshire, after arranging an uncle's business concerns in America, 1810; gave 400,000*. for advancement of religious education in South of Scotland; founded six scholarships in connection with Scottish universities.
^ Patrick Ferguson (1744–1780), inventor of the first breech-loading rifle used in the British army; commanded company in the 70th foot against the revolted negroes of Tobago; patented effectual plans of breechloading, 1776; wounded at the battle of Brandy wine, 1777; employed with artillery at siege of Charleston, 1779; major, 71st Highlanders, 1779; accompanied Lord Cornwallis in his march through the Carolinas; lieutenantcolonel; surprised and killed at King's Mountain, North Carolina.
^ Richard Saul Ferguson (1837–1900), antiquary; educated at Shrewsbury, and St. John's College, Cambridge: M.A., 1863; LL.M., 1874; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1862; joined northern circuit; travelled in Egypt, Australia, and America, 1871-2; devoted himself to study of local antiquities at Carlisle; president of Cumberland and Westmorland Archaeological and Antiquarian Society, 1886; mayor of Carlisle. 1881 and 1882; chancellor of diocese of Carlisle, 1887; F.S.A., 1877; F.S.A. Scotland, 1880; published and edited antiquarian works relating to Cumberland and Westmorland.
^ Robert Ferguson (1750–1774). See Fergusson.
^ Robert Ferguson (1799–1865), physician ; born in India: studied at Heidelberg and Edinburgh; M.D. Edinburgh, 1823; physician to the Westminster Lying-in Hospital; founded London Medical Gazette 1827; professor of obstetrics, King's College, London, 1881; censor, C.P.; physician-accoucheur to Queen Victoria, 1840; published works on obstetrics.
^ Robert Ferguson (d. 1714), surnamed the Plotter; possibly educated at Aberdeen; incumbent of Godmersham, e. 1660; expelled by the Act of Uniformity, 1662; wrote a Sober Enquiry into the Nature, Measure, and Principle of Moral Virtue 1673; maintained that the story of the Black Box and documents therein contained proving the marriage of Monmouth's mother to Charles II was invented by those who wished to discredit Monmouth's title to the crown, 1680; one of the chief contrivers of the Ry*e House plot, though probably disapproving of assassination, 1682; outlawed, 1683: author of Mon month's manifesto, and chaplain in the rebel army, attack Ferrol, 1800; served in Sir David Baird's expedi tion to recapture Cape of Good Hope, 1805; M.P., Kirk caldy burghs, 1806-30, Nottingham, 1830-41; majorgeneral, 1808; twice turned Laborde's right at Rolia, 1808; general, 1830; G.C.B., 1831.
^ Sir Samuel Ferguson (1810–1886), poet and antiquary; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1832; called to the Irish bar, 1838; Q.O., 1859; deputy-keeper of the public records of Ireland, 1867; thoroughly organised the public records department; knighted, 1878; LL.D., honoris causd, Trinity College, Dublin, 1864; published, among other" works,Lays of the Western Gael 1865, and Congal, an Epic Poem 1872. Ogham Inscriptions in Ireland, Wales, and Scotland edited, 1887, is his most important antiquarian work.
^ William Ferguson (1820–1887), botanist and entomologist; member of the Ceylon civil service, 18391887; died in Ceylon; wrote Ceylon Ferns The Timber Trees of Ceylon and similar works.
^ William Gouw Ferguson (1633?–1690? painter of still-life; native of Scotland; lived at the Hague, 1660-8; his works sometimes attributed to Weenix.
^ Sir Charles Dalrymple Fergusson (1800–1849), fifth baronet, of Kilkerran; educated at Harrow; advocate, 1822; originated Ayrshire Educational Associa: tion; protectionist.
^ David Fergusson (d. 1598). See Ferguson.
^ George Fergusson, Lord Hermand (d. 1827), 1 Scottish judge; member of the Faculty of Advocates, 1765; lord of session as Lord Hermaud, 1799-1826; lord justiciary, 1808-26; an enthusiastic admirer of Sir Walter Scott's novel of Guy Mannering
^ Sir James Fergusson, Lord Kilkerran (1688-1769), Scottish judge; studied law at Leyden; advocate, 1711; M.P., Sutherlandshire, 1734-6; lord of session as Lord Kilkerran, 1735; justiciary lord, 1749; collected and arranged decisions of court of session from 1738 to 1752 (published, 1775).
^ James Fergusson (1769–1842), Scottish legal writer; studied at Edinburgh University; member of the Faculty of Advocates, 1791; consistorial judge, clerk of session, and keeper of the general record of entails for Scotland; published legal works.
^ Sir James Fergusson (1787–1865), general; ensign, 1801; captain. 1806; wounded at Vimeiro, 1808; wounded in assaults on Badajoz and Ciudad Rodrigo; major, 1812; fought in the battles of Nivelle and Nive; aide-de-camp to William IV; lieutenant-general, 1861: general commanding troops at Malta, 1853-5: governor and commander-in-chief at Gibraltar, 1855-9; general, 1860; G.C.B., 1860.
^ James Fergusson (1808–1886), writer upon architecture; started an indigo factory in India; employed in a Calcutta firm: publishedPicturesque Illustrations of Ancient Architecture in Hindustan F.K.A.S., 1840; maintained in An Historical Enquiry into the true Principles of Beauty in Art (1849) that the Greek temples were lighted by a triple roof and clerestory: published work proposing to substitute earthworks for nmsonry in fortification, 1849; member of royal commission to inquire into defences of the United Kingdom, 1857: inspector of public building* and monuments: gold medallist of the Institute of British Architects, 1871; maintained the comparatively recent erection of Stonehenge; recast his earlier writings in * A History of Architecture in all Countries from the Earliest Times to the Present Day 1865-7; published Fire and Serpent Worship... from the Sculptures of the Buddhist Topes at Sanchi and Amravati 1868.
^ Robert Fergusson (1750–1774), Scottish poet ; matriculated at St. Andrews. 1765; extracting clerk in commissary clerk's office, and for a time in sheriff clerk's office: contributed pastorals to Ruddinnan's Weekly Magazine 1771; published Poems 1773, and subsequently the Farmer's Ingle the prototype of Burns's Cottar's Saturday Night 1773; died insane from the effects of a falL
^ Robert Cutlar Fergusson (1768–1838), judge advocate-general; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1797; defended John Allen on a charge of high treason, 1798; fined and imprisoned (1799) for his alleged share in the attempted rescue of Arthur O'Connor from the dock at Maidstone, 1798; attorney-general at Calcutta; liberal M.P., Kirkcudbright stewartry, 1826; judge advocate-general, and privy councillor, 1834; advocated cause of Poland.
^ William Fergusson (1773–1846), inspector-general of military hospitals; M.D. Edinburgh; assistant surgeon in the army in Holland, the West Indies, the Baltic, the Peninsula, and Guadaloupe; pointed out and discussed the frequent occurrence of malarial fevers on arid soils; his Notes and Recollections of a Professional Life published posthumously.
^ Sir William Fergusson (1808–1877), surgeon; educated at Edinburgh High School and University; surgeon to Edinburgh Royal Dispensary, 1831-6; tied subclavian artery, 1831; surgeon to Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, 1836-40; professor of surgery, King's College, London, 1810-70; created baronet, 1866; sergeant-surgeon to Queen Victoria, 1867: P.R.C.S., 1870; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1875; F.R.S.; clinical professor of surgery and senior surgeon at King's College Hospital; a great conservative surgeon and dissector; principal work, A System of Practical Surgery 1842.
^ Duchess of Feria (1538–1612). See Jane Dormer.
^ Richard de Ferings (d. 1306), archbishop of Dublin; friend of Archbishop Peckham; archdeacon of Canterbury, 1281-99; archbishop of Dublin, 1299; composed feud between Christ Church and St. Patrick's, Dublin, by giving equality to both and precedence to Christ Church, 1300; endowed St. Patrick's, 1303; summoned to the English parliament, 1303.
^ Charles Ferm, Ferme, Farholme, or Fairholm (1566–1617), principal of Fraserburgh University; of humble origin: M.A. Edinburgh, 1588; regent, 1590; accepted the charge (1598) of Philorth, Aberdeeusliire, incorporated in 1613 under the name of Fraserburgh,where Sir Alexander Fraser (1537-1623) had obtained a royal grant for the erection of a college and university; principal, 1600. Fraserburgh University came to an end at his death.
^ Viscount Fermanagh, third Viscount (1712?–1791). See Ralph Verney.
^ Lord of Fermanagh (d. 1600). See Hugh Maguire.
^ Henrietta Louisa Fermor, Countess of Pomfret (d. 1761), letter-writer; nee Jeffreys; married Thomas Fermor, second baron Leominster, 1720; lady of the bedcliamber to Queen Caroline till 1737; wrote a life of Vandyke at Rome; precieuse ridicule, and writer of dull and affected letters.
^ Sir John Fermor (d. 1571), son of Richard Fermor; knighted, 1553; M.P. for Northamptonshire, 1S53 and 1555; sheriff, 1557.
^ Richard Fermor or Fermour (d. 1552), merchant of the staple of Calais; licensed to export six hundred sacks of wool, 1615; personally assists v, agent in Florence, 1524; sheriff for Bedford and Buckingham, 1532 and 1533; stripped of all his lands under the statute of premnnire, 1540; restored to his property. 1550.
^ Thomas William Fermor, fourth Earl of Pomfret (1770–1833), general; ensign, 1791 ; present at Lincelles and the sieges of Valenciennes and Dunkirk, 1793; lieutenant, 1794; P.R.S. and F.S.A.; took part in Helder expedition, 1799; major-general, 1813; received medal for battle of Salamanca, 1812; knight of the Tower and Sword; lieutenant-general, 1825.
^ William Fermor, Farmer or Fermour (1623?-1661), royalist; created baronet, 1641; privy councillor to Prince Charles; compounded with the Commonwealth; privy councillor, 1660; M.P. for Brackley, and deputy-lieutenant for Northamptonshire, 1661; K.B., 1661.
^ William Fermor, Baron Leominster (ef. 1711), connoisseur; sou of Sir William Fermor; created Baron Leominster, 1692; laid out country seat at Easton Nestou, adorning it with some of the Arundel marbles.
^ Fermoy, seventh Viscount (1573?–1635). See David Roche.
^ Henry Ferne (1602–1662), bishop of Chester ; son of Sir John Ferne; educated at Uppingham and St. Mary Hall, Oxford: pensioner (1620) and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; archdeacon of Leicester, 1 1641; D.D. Cambridge, 1642; joined royal forces at Nottingham; chaplain extraordinary to Charles I: chaplain in ordinary; obliged to abandon his living of Medbourne for writing in support of Charles I, 1643; D.D. Oxford, 1643; given patent for next vacancy in mastership of Trinity College, Cambridge; censured Harrington's Oceana 1656; master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1660-2; vice-chancellor, 1660 and 1661: dean of Ely, 1661; bishop of Chester, 1662; published theological pamphlets, 1647-60.
^ Sir John Ferne (d. 1610?), writer on heraldry ; studied at Oxford and the Inner Temple; brought out 'The Blazon of Gentrie 1586, of which the second part dealt with Albertus a Lasco's provedly untenable claim to be descended from the Lacy family; knighted, 1604; joint-secretary and keeper of the signet in the north, 1604.
^ John Ferneley (1782–1860), animal painter: given commissions to paint hunting, and occasionally racing or coaching, scenes. Portrait at File:John Ferneley by Henry Johnson.jpg.
^ George Ferrabee (fl. 1613). See Ferebe.
^ Alfonso Ferrabosco or Ferabosco (fl. 1544-1587), musical composer; of Italian origins; pensioned by Elizabeth, 1567; composed, with William Byrd, Medulla Musicke (settings ofMiserereplain-song), published. 1603; composed madrigals; took service at the ducal court of Savoy.
^ Alfonso Ferrabosco or Ferabosco (d. 1628), lutenist and composer; son of Alfonso Ferrabosco (1544-1587): introduced the new Italian style of music into England; extraordinary groom of the privy chamber and musical instructor to Prince Henry, 1605: author of Ayres 1609, and a Fantasie and Pavin 1610; composer in ordinary, 1626.
^ Alfonso Ferrabosco (d. 1661), musician and composer; son of Alfonso Ferrabosco (d. 1628); viol in the king's baud, and musician in ordinary, 1628.
^ John Ferrabosco (d. 1682), organist of Ely Cathedral; Mus. Bac., per literas regias, Cambridge, 1671; possibly introduced Chanting Service into Ely Cathedral,
^ Nicholas Ferrar (1592–1637), theologian ; B.A. and fellow, Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1610; M.A.; attended Elizabeth, queen of Bohemia, to Holland, 1613; devoted himself to the affairs of the Virginia Company, 1619; declined readership of geometry at Gresham College, 1619; assisted a- member of parliament in the impeachment of the Earl of Middlesex, 1624; retired to Little Gidding in Huntingdonshire, 1625; deacon, 1626; chaplain of an Anglican community at Little Gidding, composed of his brother's and brother-in-law's families; introduced bookbinding trade into his brotherhood; visited by manuscript harmony of the Gospels, and also of the Books of Kings and Chronicles.
^ Robert Ferrar (d. 1555), bishop of St. David's ; studied at Cambridge; Augustinian canon and monk of St. Muv's I'rinry, Oxford; converted to Lutherauism, but (1528) compelled to recant; accompanied William Barlow (d. 1568) on his embassy to Scotland, 1635; prior of St. Oswald's at Nostell; D.D.; bishop of St. David's, 1548-54; gospeller; technical errors in the wording of his commission discovered by hia prejudiced chapter; kept in prison till Queen Mary's accession, after being cited to answer charges of praemunire; deprived of his bishopric, 1554; charged by Gardiner with having violated his monastic vow of chastity; burnt at the stake, 1555.
^ Baron Ferrard (1663–1731). See Henry Tichborne.
^ Ferrars, first Baron de (1755–1811). See George Townshend.
^ Ferrers of Groby, eighth Baron (1432–1461). See John Grey.
^ Ferrers, third Baron (d. 1558). See Walter Devereux.
^ Earls Ferrers . See SHIRLEY, LAURENCE, fourth Earl 1720–1760; SHIRLEY, WASHINGTON, fifth EARL, 1722-1778.
^ Benjamin Ferrers (d. 1732), portrait-painter; deaf and dumb from birth.
^ Edward Ferrers (d. 1564); confounded by Wood, who describes him as a distinguished dramatist (after Puttenham and Meres), with George Ferrers.
^ George Ferrers (1500?–1579), poet and politician; bachelor of canon law, Cambridge, 1631; translated Magna Charta into English, 1534; member of Lincoln's Inn; M.P., Plymouth, 1542, 1545, and 1553; said to have murdered some Scots with great barbarity when campaigning with the Duke of Somerset, 1548; master of the king's pastimes 1551 and 1552; lord of misrule to Queen Mary, 1553; assisted in suppressing Wyatt's rebellion, 1554; M.P., Brackley, 1654 and 1555, St. Albaus, 1571; devised (with Baldwin) the series of historical poems entitled 1 Mirror for Magistrates (complete edition, 1678); wrote tragedies and court masques.
^ Henry de Ferrers (fl. 1086), Domesday commissioner; Norman baron; fought at Hastings, 1066.
^ Henry Ferrers (1549–1633), antiquary ; son of Edward Ferrers; educated at Oxford, probably at Hart Hall; collected materials (utilised by Dugdale) for the history of Warwickshire, his native county.
^ John Ferrers (1271 1324), son of Robert Ferrers, Earl of Derby or Ferrers; joined Bohun and Bigod in the struggle for the charters; summoned to parliament, 1299.
^ Joseph Ferrers (1725–1797), Carmelite friar; professed abroad, 1745; provincial of the English Carmelites,
^ Richard Ferrers (fl. 1690). See Ferris.
^ Robert de Ferrers (d. 1139), warrior; son of Henry de Ferrers; one of the English leaders at Northallerton, 1138; created earl, 1138.
^ Robert Ferrers, Earl of Derby or Ferrers (1240?-1279?); married one of Henry Ill's Poitevin relatives, 1249; took Prince Edward prisoner, 1263; defeated royalists at Chester, 1264; shut up in the Tower by Montfort to save him from the king's auger, 1265; headed the d; mhiTited 1266; specially exempted from the general composition of the Dictum de Keiiilworth 12M: re leased from prison, 1269.
^ Benjamin Ferrey (1810–1880), architect; of Huguenot origin; employed on the detail drawings of the National Gallery; part-author of - Antiquities of the Priory Church of Christchurch, Hants 1834; restored, when hon. diocesan architect, 1841-80, nave, transepts, and Lady Chapel of Wells Cathedral, 1842; twice vicepresident of Royal Institute of British Architects: F.S.A., 1HG3: published recollections of the two Pugins, 1861.
^ John Ferriar (1761–1815), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1781; his essay on Massinger reprinted in Gifford's edition (1805); physician of the Manchester Infirmary, 1789-1815; introduced many sanitary reforms when on the Manchester bonrd of health; published works includingMedical Histories and Reflections 1792-5-8, and Illustrations of Sterne 1798.
^ James Frederick Ferrier (1808–1864), metaphysician; studied at Edinburgh University and Magdalen College, Oxford; B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, i 1831; advocate, 1832; studied German philosophy at i Heidelberg, 1834; professor of civil history, Edinburgh, i 1842-5; professor of moral philosophy and political economy at St. Andrews, 1845-64; published Institutes of Metaphysic 1854, re-interpreting Berkeley in the light of German idealism.
^ Susan Edmonstone Ferrier (1782–1854), , novelist; visited Sir Walter Scott, 1811, 1829, and 1831; I publishedMarriage 1818,The Inheritance 1824, and !Destiny 1831, three novels.
^ Richard Ferris (fl. 1590), adventurer ; a mes. .senger in Queen Elizabeth's household; rowed in an open boat from London to Bristol, 1590.
^ Sir Francis Worgan Festing (1833–1886), major-general; second lieutenant, royal marines, 1850; commaudal mortar off Sebastopol, 1855; present as I adjutant of artillery at bombardment of Canton; defeated Ashantees, burning Ehina, 1873; virtually administered government of Gold Coast, 1874; colonel, 1874; C.B., 1874; K.C.M.G., 1874; aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria, 1879; colonel commandant, royal marine artillery, 1886.
^ Michael Christian Festing (d. 1752), vioi linistand composer; member of George II's band; director of the Italian opera, 1737; director of the Philharmonic 1 Society; initiated Royal Society of Musicians from subscription for the indigent family of a German oboei player, 1738; composed concertos, solos, sonatas for stringed instruments, and Sylvia, a cantata.
^ Richard Fetherston (d. 1540), Roman catholic martyr; chaplain to Catherine of Arragon; schoolmaster to the Princess Mary; wrote against Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Arragon; hanged for refusing the oath of supremacy.
^ Sir Timothy Fetherstonhaugh (d. 1651), royalist; member of Gray's Inn, 1620; knighted, 1628; taken prisoner at battle of Wigan Lane; beheaded.
^ Sir William Fettes (1750–1836), founder of Fettes College, Edinburgh; merchant, underwriter, and contractor for military stores; lord provost of Edin I burgh, 1800 and 1805: created baronet, 1804; devoted, part of his estate to form endowment for education of orphan or otherwise needy children, 1830, a scheme which developed into the present Fettes College,
^ Baronne de Feuchères (1790–1840). See Sophia Dawes.
^ Earls of Feversham . See SONDES, SIR GEORGE, first EARL, 1600-1677; DURAS, Louis, second EARL. , 1640?-170U.
^ William Joshua Ffennell (1799–1867), fishery reformer; J.P., 1834; called attention with Lord Glengall to the neglected state of the Suir salmon fisheries; brought about the salmon-fishery acts of 1842, I 1844, and 1845, and Ffennell's Act 1848: inspector 01 salmon fisheries for England and Wales, 1861.
^ Ffraid I. D. (1814–1875). See John Evans.
^ Fiacre or Fiachrach, Saint (d. 670?), Irish noble; founded monastery at Breuil, on land given him by Faro, bishop of Meaux; chiefly celebrated for his miraculous cure of a tumour, since known as le tic de St. Fiacre"; enshrined in Meaux Cathedral, 1568; part of his body given to the grand-duke of Tuscany, 1617, part to Cardinal Richelieu, 1637. The saint's name was given to the French hackney carriage from 1640, because at the Hi'itvl de St. Fiacre in Paris hackney carriages were then first kept on hire.
^ Thomas Fich, Fych, or Fyche (d. 1517), ecclesiastic and compiler; studied at Oxford; sub-prior of convent of Holy Trinity, Dublin; author of a Latin necrology of the convent, entitled Mortiloginm (printed by the Irish Archaeological Society, 1844), and of the White Book of Christ Church, Dublin.
^ Richard Fiddes (1671-1725), divine and historian; B.A. University College, Oxford, 1691: non resident rector of Halsham, 1696; chaplain of Hull, by Swift's influence, 1713-14; chaplain to the Earl of Oxford, 1713-14; published Theologia Speculative1718, andTheologia Practica 1720; D.D. Oxford; attacked Mandeville in A General Treatise of Morality 1724; unfairly represented as a papist on account of his Life of Cardinal Wolsey 1724.
^ Barron Field (1786–1846), lawyer and miscellaneous writer; son of Henry Field; intimate with Lamb, Coleridge, Wordsworth, Hazlitt, and Leigh Hunt; barrister, Inner Temple, 1814; theatrical critic to the Times; advocate-fiscal in Ceylon; judge of supreme court of New South Wfrtes, 1817-24; engaged in party conflicts; chief- justice of Gibraltar; published (1811) an analysis of Blackstone's Commentaries (frequently reprinted), and editedGeographical Memoirs on New South Wales 1825; edited a few of Hey wood's, and one of Legge's, plays for the Shakespeare Society; original poet with First Fruits of Australian Poetry (privately printed, 1819).
^ Edwin Wilkins Field (1804–1871), law reformer and amateur artist; son of William Field; attorney and solicitor, 1826; established firm of Sharpe & Field in Cheapside; the abolition of the court of exchequer as an equity court and the appointment of two additional vice-chancellors (1841) due to hisObservations of a Solicitor 1840: suggested provisions of trustdeed executed by Robert Hibbert, 1847; a commissioner to report on accountant-general's department of chancery court, 1861; amateur artist; his views on the option of contract realised by the act of 1870.
^ Frederick Field (1801–1885), divine; son of Henry Field; educated at Christ's Hospital; tenth wrangler, chancellor's classical medallist, and Tyrwhitt's Hebrew scholar, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1823; fellow, 1824; examiner for classical tripos, 1833 and 1837; incumbent of Great Saxham and (1842-63) of Reepham; LL.D. Cambridge, 1874; original member of the Old Testament revision company, 1870; edited homilies by St. Chrysostom, 1839 an 1 1849-62, and Origen's Hexapla (in parts, finished 1874).
^ Frederick Field (1826–1885), chemist; chemist to copper-smelting works at Coquimbo in Chili, 1848-52: manager at Caldera, 1852; first to discover lapis lazuli in South America, 1851; vice-consul of Caldera, 1863; sub-manager to smelting- works at Guayacan, 1856-9; professor of chemistry, London Institution, 1862.
^ George Field (1777?–1854), chemist ; succeeded in cultivating madder in his own garden, reducing it to its finest consistence by the physeter his own invention; Isis medallist, Society of Arts, 1816: chief works, Chromatography, or a treatise on Colours and Pigments 1835, andRudiments of the Painter's Art, or a Grammar of Colouring 1850.
^ Henry Field (1755–1837), apothecary ; apothecary to Christ's Hospital, 1807-37; M. Soc. Apotb.; established gratuitous courses of lectures on materia medica at ApothecariesHall; one of the medical officers attached to the city of London board of health to meet threatened epidemic of cholera, 1831.
^ Henry Ibbot Field (1797–1848), pianist; educated at Bath grammar school; performed Johann i Hummel's grand sonata, omvre 92, with the master, 1830; j paralysed, 1848.
^ John Field or Feild (1525?–1587), 'proto-Copernican' of England; public, instructor in science, London; granted crest and confirmation of arms, 1558; representative work, l Ephemeris anni 1557 currentis juxta Coper) nici et Reinholdi canones... ad Meridianum Londi! nensem... supputata 1566.
^ John Field (d. 1588). See Feilde.
^ John Field (1782–1837), composer; composed and performed concerto, 1799; taken by his master, Clemeuti, to St. Petersburg as a salesman. 1802; his playing admired by Spohr, 1802; settled in Moscow between 1824 and 1828: died at Moscow; chiefly famous for his : Nocturnes romantic music which inspired Chopin.
^ Joshua Field (1787?–1863), civil engineer ; parti ner in firm of Maudslay, Sons & Field of Lambeth, which constructed (1838) engines capable of propelling a vessel across the Atlantic; part-founder of Institution of ; Civil Engineers, 1817; F.R.S. 1836; president I.C.E., 1848.
^ Nathaniel Field (1587–1633), actor and dramaI tist.; one of the six principal comedians of the Children of the Queen's Revels who performed Ben Jonson's Cynthia's Revels in 1600; acted in plays by Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, and Beaumont and Fletcher; his name made synonymous with best actor in Jonson's Bartholomew Fair 1614; probably performed himself in his 'A Woman's a Weathercock published 1612, and Amends for Ladies published 1618; collaborated in Massinger's Fatal Dowry 1632.
^ Richard Field or De La Field (1554?–1606), Jesuit; studied at Douay; superior of Irish Jesuit mission, c. 1600.
^ Richard Field (1561–1616), divine; B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1581; M.A., andCatechism lecturer Magdalen Hall, 1584; D.D., 1596; divinity lecturer, Lincoln's Inn, 1594; chaplain in ordinary to Queen Elizabeth, 1598; installed prebendary of Windsor, 1604, by a grant dating from 1602; chaplain to James I; dean of Gloucester, 1610; discussed theology with James I; friend of Hooker; sincerely mourned by James I. His great work, Of the Church Five Bookes (first published, 1606), is a masterpiece of polemical divinity.
^ Richard Field (. 1579–1624), London printer and stationer; free of the Stationers Company, 1587; sole licensee for first edition of Harington's translation of Orlando Furioso 1592; master of the Stationers Company, 1620; fellow townsman, and probably a personal friend of Shakespeare, printing Venus and Adonis 1693, I 1594, and 1596, as well as the first (1694) edition of Luorece
^ Theophilus Field (1574–1636), bishop of Hereford; brother of Nathaniel Field; fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1598; M.A., 1599; M.A. Oxford, 1600; D.D.; chaplain to James I and Lord-chancellor Bacon; consecrated bishop of Llandaff by the influence of Buckingham, 1619; impeached by the Commons for brocage and bribery before his promotion, and admonished in the convocation house, 1621: bishop of St. David's, 1627; obtained see of Hereford, 1635; edited Elegies on the Death of Sir Oratio Pallavicino 1600.
^ Thomas Field (1546?–1625), Jesuit; studied at Paris and Douay; M.A. Louvain; spiritual coadjutor of the Society of Jesus; lived for some years in Brazil and Paraguay; put by English pirates into an open boat, in which he drifted to Buenos Ayres, 1586; died at the Assumption Settlement.
^ William Field (1768–1851), Unitarian minister ; minister of the presbyterian congregation at Warwick, 1790-1843; friend of Dr. Samuel Parr; started a Sunday school (the first in Warwick), which led to a pamphlet war with some local clergy, 1791; kept boarding- school at Learn; published pamphlets, sermons, and a history of Warwick and Leamington, 1815.
^ John Fielden (1784–1849), M.P. for Oldham ; partner with his father, and subsequently with brothers, in cotton-spinning manufactory at Toclmorden; M.P. for Oldham. 1H33, 1H35, 1837, and 1841; seconded Cobbett's resolution for removing Peel from the privy council, 1833; moved second reading of Ten Hours Bill, 1846 and 1847; published The Mischiefs and Iniquities of Paper Money 1832, with other works and pamphlets, including The Curse of the Factory System, 1836.
^ Antony Vandyke Copley Fielding (1787–1855), landscape-painter in water-colour; son of Nathan Theodorf Fulding; commenced to exhibit at the Royal Academy, 1811; awarded a medal at the Paris Salon, 1824: president of the Water-colour Society, 1831-66.
^ Basil Fielding, second Earl of Denbigh (d. 1674). See Feilding.
^ Henry Fielding (1707–1754), novelist ; contemporary with Pitt and Fox at Eton; sent, after a youthful escapade, to study law at Leyden; brought out a few comedies of the Congreve school, 1728-32; burlesqued all the popular playwrights of the day in Tom Thumb a farce, 1730; supported thedistressed actors at Drury Lane on the occasion of the revolt headed by Theophilus Oibber, 1733: opened theatre in the Haymarket with 'Pasquin 1736, but gave up the career on the passing of a bill, partly due to Pasquin making a license from the lord chamberlain necessary for all dramatic performances, 1737; barrister, Middle Temple, 1740; retaliated on Colley Gibber'sApologyin his paper, theChampion parodied Richardson'sPamelainThe History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and his friend Mr. Abraham Adams 1742, copying Parson Adams from William Young, with whom he co-operated in translating Aristophanes's Plutns 1742; published Miscellanies the third volume containing Jonathan Wild the Great a powerful satire, 1743; issued two weekly papers in support of the government 1745 and 1747-8; J.P. for Westminster, 1748; produced the novel ofTom Jones drawing his first wife, then dead, as Sophia, 1749; chairman of quarter sessions at Hickss Hall, 1749; attacked social evils, especially excessive gin-drinking, in an Inquiryinto the increase of robbers in London, 1750; propounded elaborate scheme for erection of county poor-house, 1753; published * Amelia 1751; provided informers against robberies by a special fund, and succeeded in breaking up a gang, 1763; died an invalid at Lisbon; his Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon published posthumously.
^ Henry Borron Fielding (d. 1851), botanist ; fellow of the Linnean Society, 1838; publishedSertum Plantarum containing figures and descriptions of seventyfive new or rare plants, 1844.
^ Sir John Fielding (d. 1780), magistrate; halfbrother of Henry Fielding: blind, apparently from birth; carried on Henry Fielding's plan for breaking up robber-gangs; originated (1755) scheme for sendingdistressed boys into the royal navy; published pamphlet on the Duke of Newcastle's police force, with plan for rescuing deserted girls, 1758; denounced in A Letter to Sir John Fielding, occasioned by his extraordinary request to Mr. Garrick for the suppression of the "Beggar's Opera" 1773; unfairly accused of encouraging and then condemning criminals: published collection of laws concerning breaches of peace in metropolis, 1768.
^ Nathan Theodore Fielding (fl. 1775–1814), painter; occasionally exhibited at the British Institution and the Society of Artists; famous in Yorkshire for his portraits of aged people.
^ Newton Smith Fielding (1799–1856), painter and lithographer; son of Nathan Theodore Fielding ; exhibited at Society of Painters in Water-colours, 1815 and 1818; taught family of Louis-Philippe in Paris; published works on art; best known for his paintings and engravings of animals.
^ Robert Fielding (1651?–1712).
^ Sarah Fielding (1710–1768), novelist; sister of Henry Fielding; wrote romances, includingThe Adventures of David Simple in search of a Faithful Friend 1744; translated Xenophon's Memorabilia and Apologia 1762.
^ Thales Fielding (1793–1837), water-colour painter; son of Nathan Theodore Fielding; exhibited at the British Institution, 1816, and afterwards at the Royal Academy; associate exhibitor of the Royal Society of Painters in Water-colours; drawing-master at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwieh. xviii. 428)
^ Theodore Henry Adolphus Fielding (1781-1851 ), painter, engraver, and author; son of Nathan Theodore Fielding; taught drawing and perspective at East India Company's Military College, Addiscombtt. first exhibited at the Itoyal Academy, 1799; worked in stipple and aquatint; published works on the practice of art.
^ Thomas Fielding (fl. 1780–1790), engraver: executed engravings in Ryland's stipple manner. txviii. 427
^ William Fielding, first Earl of Denbigh (d. 1643). See Feilding.
^ Anne Fiennes or Fienes, Lady Dacre (d. 1595), daughter of Sir Richard Sackville; married Gregory Fiennes; complained to Queen Elizabeth of her sister-in-law, Margaret Lennard, for alleged calumnies; left money for erection of almshouse at Chelsea.
^ Edward Fiennes , Earl of Lincoln (1612–1586). See Edward Fiennes de Clinton.
^ Gregory Fiennes or Fienes, tenth Baron Dacre of the South (1539–1594), son of Thomas Fiennes, ninth baron Dacre; restored by act of parliament to his father's honours, 1558; one of the nobles who attended Lord Lincoln to court of Charles IX to ratify confederacy of Blois, 1C72.
^ James Fiennes, Baron Say (or Saye) and Sele (d. 1450); given grants in France for service under Henry V in his French wars, 1418; governor of Arques, 1419; sheriff of Kent, 1437, of Surrey and Sussex, 1439; constable of Dover and warden of the Cinqne ports by patent, 1447-9; M.P., 1447; created baron, 1447; lord chamberlain and privy councillor; lord-treasurer, 1449; sequestered for his consent to the surrender of An ion and Maine, 1460; generally suspected of extortion and maladministration; imprisoned in the Tower and handed over by the governor to Jack Cade, who had him beheaded. That he caused printing to be used (Shakespeare, Henry VI pt. ii. Act iv., sc. 7), is an anachronism.
^ John Fiennes (fl. 1657), parliamentarian; son of William Fiennes, first viscount Saye and Sele; colonel of a regiment of parliamentary horse, 1643; fought at Naseby, 1645; summoned by Cromwell to the House of Lords, 1657.
^ Nathaniel Fiennes (1608?–1669), parliamentarian; son of William Fiennes, first viscount Say and Sele ; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford: perpetual fellow of New College, 1624; travelled to Geneva; M.P., Banbury, 1640; sat in the Long parliament; made a famous speech against episcopacy, 1641; member of committee appointed for consideration of church affairs, 1641; member of committee of safety, 1642; fought at Edgehill, 1642; arrested Colonel Essex, the disaffected governor of Bristol, 1643; governor of Bristol, 1643; sentenced to death forimproperly surrendering* Bristol to Prince Rupert, 1643; pardoned; exonerated by Cromwell; member of committee of safety, 1648; excluded from the Commons by Pride's Purge, 1648; state councillor, 1664; one of the keepers of the great seal, 1655; M. P., Oxfordshire, 1654, Oxford University, 1656: sat in Cromwell House of Lords, 1658; endeavoured to argue Cromwell into accepting the crown; author, according to Wood, of Monarchy Asserted 1660.
^ Thomas Fiennes or Fienes, ninth Baron Dacre (1517–1641) ; when intent on a poaching frolic mortally wounded, by accident, a man whom he met; indicted for murder; executed.
^ William Fiennes , first Viscount Saye and Sele (1582–1662) ; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1600 ; succeeded as Baron Saye and Sele, 1613; advised Bacon's degradation from the peerage, 1621; created viscount, 1624; refused to pay forced loan, 1626; probably first to discover right of peers to protest; opposed reservations and amendments to Petition of Right suggested by court party, 1628; helped to establish company for colonisation of Providence Island, 1630; patentee for land on Connecticut River, 1632; purchased plantation in Cocheco, New Hampshire, 1633; his suggestion that an hereditary aristocracy should be established in New England rejected by Massachusetts government; relinquished intention of settling in New England; reluctantly followed the king and, and was sent away on refusing milii 1639; saved from accusation of treason by the impeachment of Stratford. 1640: privy councillor and commissioner of the treasury, 1641; lord-lieutenant of Oxfordshire, Cheshire, and Gloucestershire, and member of the committee of safety, 1642; sat in Westminster Assembly, 1643; turned the scale in favour of the self-denying ordinance on two occasions: signed engagement, 1647; urged the king, from selfish motives, to make peace with the parliament at Newport, 1648; privy councillor and lord privy seal, 1660; nicknamed Old Subtlety; wrote two tracts against the quakers.
^ Earls of Fife . See DUFF, JAMKS, second EAUL, 1729-1809: DUFF, JAMES, fourth EARL, 1776-1857.
^ Thane of Fife, or Earl of (fl. 1056?). See Macduff.
^ Sir John Fife (1795–1871), surgeon ; M.R.C.S. ; army assistant-surgeon at Woolwich; helped to found Newcastle School of Medicine, 1834; Reform BUI agitator in the north, 1831; mayor of Newcastle, 1838-9 and 1843: knighted (1840) for suppressing chartist outbreak, 1839; F.R.C.S., 1844.
^ James Figg (d. 1734), pugilist; taught boxing and swordsmanship at his academy in Marylebone Fields; praised as a swordsman in theTatlerandGuardian: contended with Sparks in a broadsword duel at the Little Theatre in the Haymarket before the Duke of Lorraine, 1731; occasionally exhibited bear-baiting and tiger-baiting,
^ William Filbie (1565?–1582), Roman catholic priest: educated at Lincoln College, Oxford, and the Bullish college, Douay: priest, 1581; missioner in England; refused to save his life by conforming to the established church and pleading guilty to communication with Edmund Campion, a prisoner; executed.
^ Roger Filcock (d. 1601), Jesuit; grammarian and bateler of the English College, Douay; sent to colonise Philip II's new university at Valladolid, 1590; missioner in England, 1598: Jesuit, 1600; executed,
^ Fillan, Foilan, or Felan (with other varieties of form), Saint (d. 777 ?), Irish missionary in Scotland; son of Feredach, a prince in Muuster; Kilkoau and Killellan, two churches in Argyllshire, named after him: joint-founder of abbey at Glendochart, Perthshire; his crosier and bell still preserved in museum of Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Edinburgh. One of his arms, set in silver, was carried by Bruce to the battle of Banuockburn.
^ John Fillian (fl. 1658–1680), engraver of portraits; pupil of William Faithorne the elder; mentioned by Evelyn in Sculpture 1662.
^ Robert Fills (fl. 1562), translator from the French; published The Lawes and Statutes of Geneva 1562; translated, among other works A Briefe and Piththie Summe of the Christian Faith from Theodore Bexa, 1563.
^ Edward Filmer (fl. 1707), dramatist; foundcVs km fellow, All Souls College, Oxford, 1672; B.A., 1672: D.C.L., 1681; his tragedy The Unnatural Brother coldly received on the stage, 1697; defended the stage against Jeremy Collier with A Defence of Plays 1707.
^ Sir Robert Filmer (d. 1653), political writer; matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1604; knighted by Charles I; imprisoned in Leeds Castle, Kent 1644; wrote, among other works, Patriarcha, or the Natural Power of Kings asserted (published 1680), a manifesto which was sharply criticised by Locke.
^ Saint Finan (d. 661), bishop of Lindisfarne ; monk of lona; bishop of Lindisfarne, 652; rebuilt church of Lindisfarne; baptised Peada, a Mercian prince, and Sigebert, king of the East-Saxons; consecrated St. Oedd bishop of the East-Saxons; adhered to the Celtic celebration of Easter.

[1] Harry Escombe (1838–1899), premier of Natal ; educated at St. Paul's School; went to Natal, 1860; attorney-at-law; solicitor and standing counsel for Durban; member for Durban in legislative council, 1872; served in Durban rifles through Zulu campaign, 1879-80, and Transvaal war, 1881; again member for Durban, 1879-85; on executive council, 1880-3; member of council for Newcastle, 1886, Klip River, 1888, and Durban, 1890-7; attorney-general, 1893: premier, 1897; privy councillor and LL.D. Cambridge, 1897.

[2] James Esdaile (1808–1859), surgeon and mesmerist; M.D. Edinburgh, 1830: put in charge of East India Company's Hooghly hospital, 1838; adopted and successfully employed mesmerism for production of anaesthesia, 1845; entrusted with hospital in Calcutta for purposes of experiment, 1846; presidency surgeon, 1848; marine surgeon, 1850; published records of his cases and works on mesmerism.

[3] William Esdaile (1758–1837), banker and print collector; employed in the firm of Esdaile, Hammet & Co., Lombard Street: retired, broken down, 1832; visited Italy, 1825 and 1835; possessed a very complete set of Rembrandt etchings and Claude drawings.

[4] Viscount (1815–1899). See William Baliol Brett.

[5] Lord Eskgrove (1724?–1804). See Sir David Rae.

[6] Sir Laurence Esmonde, Baron Esmonde (1570?-1646), governor of Duncannon: served in the Netherlands and (1599) in Ireland; knighted, 1599; governor of Duncannon, 1606-46; joint-commissioner to survey confiscated territory in Wexford, 1611; charged with packing juries and torturing witnesses in order to deprive the O'Byrnes of their land, 1619; created Baron Esmonde, 1622.

[7] John Bishop Estlin (1785-1855), surgeon; son of John Prior Estlin; studied at Guy's rereon; son 5 Hospital: established (.1812) and" conducted (1812-48) ophthalmic dispensary at Bristol; F.R.C.S., 1843; published Remarks on Mesmerism 1845.

[8] Countess of Essex (1794–1882). See Catherine Stephens.

[9] Alfred Essex (fl.–1837), artist; son of William Essex; executed plates for Muss; published paper on painting in enamel, 1837.

[10] James Essex (1722–1784), builder and architect: designed and built west front of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1775, with other collegiate buildings; executed restorations and alterations in Ely Cathedral, 1757-62; put up the four spires and battlement of the central tower at Lincoln, 1775; F.S.A., 1772; published architectural pamphlets.

[11] Timothy Essex (1765?–1847), composer; Mus.Doc. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1812; organist to St. George's Chapel, Albemarle Street; composed canzonets, duets, and sonatinas.

[12] William B. Essex (1822–1852), artist; son of William Essex; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1845-61.

[13] William Essex (1784?–1869), enamel-painter to Princess Augusta, Queen Victoria (1839), and the prince consort; exhibited at the Royal Academy and other institutions,

[14] Michael Est, Este, or Easte (1580?–1680?). See East.

[15] Edgar Edmund Estcourt (1816–1884), canon of St. Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1840; converted to Roman Catholicism, 1845; diocesan aeconomus in the western district, 18501884; best-known work, The Question of Anglican Ordinations discussed 1873.

[16] James Bucknall Bucknall Estcourt (1802-1855), major-general; ensign, 1820: superintended magnetic experiments in Euphrates Valley expedition, 1834-6; M.P., Devizes, 1848; fought at Inkerman and the Alma, 1854: major-general, 1864; unfairly blamed for sufferings of Crimean troops; died in Crimea.

[17] Richard Estcourt (1668–1712), actor and dramatist; travelling actor, 1683; first appeared at Drury Lane, 1704; specially selected by Farquhar for the part of Sergeant Kite; commended by his friend Steele; published a drama and an interlude.

[18] Thomas Henry Sutton Sotheron Estcourt (1801–1876), statesman; educated at Harrow and Oriel College, Oxford; M.A., 1826; D.C.L., 1857; conservative M.P., Marlborough, 1829, Devizes, 1835-44, and North Wiltshire, 1844-65; privy councillor, 1858; home secretary, 3 March-18 June 1859.

[19] Charles Este (1696–1746), bishop of Waterford ; queen's scholar, Westminster; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1722; bishop of Ossory, 1736-40; D.D. Dublin, 1736: bishop of Waterford, 1740.

[20] Thomas Este or Est (1540?–1608?). See East.

[21] Walter Espec (d. 1153), founder of Rievaulx Abbey, 1131, of Warden Abbey, 1135; itinerant justice in the north during Henry I's reign; a leader in the Battle of the Standard, 1138; died a recluse,

[22] Kings of Essex .

[23] Earls of Essex . See MANDEVILLE, GEOFFREY DE, first EARL, d. 1144; MANDEVILLB, WILLIAM DE, third EARL, d. 1189; FITZPETER, GKOFFKKY, fourth EARL, d. 1213; BOHUN, HUMPHREY DE, first EARL of the second creation, d. 1274; BOHUN, HUMPHREY DE, second EARL, d. 1298; BOHUN, HUMPHREY DE, third EARL, 1276-1322; BOURCHIER, HENRY, first EARL of the third creation, d. 1483; BOURCHIER, HENRY, second EARL, d. 1539; CROMWELL, THOMAS, first EARL of the fourth creation, I486 ?1640; PARR, WILLIAM, first EARL of the fifth creation, 1513-1571; DEVEREUX, WALTER, first EARL of the sixth creation. 1541 ?-1576; DEVEREUX, ROBERT, second EARL, 1667-1601; DEVERKUX, ROBERT, third EARL, 1591-1646: CAPEL, ARTHUR, first EARL of the seventh creation, 1681-1683; CAPEL, WILLIAM, third EARL, 1697-143.

[24] John Prior Estlin (1747–1817), Unitarian minister; co-pastor at Lewin's Mead, Bristol, 1771: LL.D. l Glasgow, 1807; friend of Coleridge, Southey, and Robert Hall; his Familiar Lectures published, 1818.

[25] Adam Eston (d. 1397). See Easton

[26] Sampson Estwick or Eastwick (d. 1739), musician: M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1680; B.D., 1692; minor prebendary of St. Paul's, 1692; superinten ! dent of the choir, 1698-1739; sacrist, 1699; the Sam of Henry Aldrich's famous smoking catch; published ser I inon on The Usefulness of Church Musick 1696.

[27] George Estye (1566–1601), divine; B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1581; fellow; M.A., 1584; B.D., 1591; preacher of St. Mary's, Bury St. Edmunds, 1598 1601; author of Calvinistic expositions of scripture. I

[28] Ethelbald or Aethelbald (d. 757), king of Mercia, 716; overlonl as far north as the Humber; invaded Wessex, 733; defeated at Burford by the revolted Outhred of Wessex, 752; liberal to the church; slain at Seccandune (Seckington).

[29] Ethelbald or Aethelbald (d. 860), king of the West-Saxona; supplanted his father, -,Ethelwulf, 856: married Judith, his father's widow, 858; said, without foundation, to have separated from her at St. Swithun's ! instance.

[30] Ethelbert, Aethelberht, or Aedilberct (552 ?-616), king of Kent, 660: defeated by the West-Saxons, 568; married Bertha, daughter of the Frankish king, Charibert, giving her St. Martin's Church, Canterbury: baptised by St. Augustine, 597: promulgated a code of In ws,according to the Roman fashion; built a cathedral at Rochester.

[31] Ethelbert, Aethelberht, Aegelbriht, or Albert, Saint (d. 794), king of the East- Angles; beheaded, by command of Offa, king of the Mercians, 794, according to one legend, through the machinations of Cynethryth, Offa's queen, who suspected him of designs on Mercia; venerated at Hereford as patron of the cathedral,

[32] Ethelbert or Aethelberht (d. 866), king of the West-Saxons and Kentishmen; king of Wessex, 860, of Kent, according to Asser, 855: harassed by Danish marauders.

[33] Ethelburga or Aethelburh, Saint (d. 676?), abbess of Barking: appointed abbess of Barking by her brother, Erkenwald, bishop of London.

[34] Saint Etheldreda (630?–679), queen of Northumbria and abbess of Ely; married Tonbert, prince of the fen-men, 652, and, subsequently, Egfrid, son of Oswy of Northumbria; disowned marriage duties; induced by Wilfrid to enter a monastery; founded an abbey at Ely; consecrated abbess of Ely, 673; eulogised by Baeda. The present cathedral of Ely was subsequently erected over her tomb.

[35] Ethelfleda, Aethelflaed , or Aelfled (d.918?), the lady of the Mercians; daughter of King Alfred; married to AEthelred, ealdorman of the Mercians, e. 880: made alliance with Welsh and Scots of Ireland; inspired defence of Chester against Ingwar, a Norwegian chief who had been given land in the neighbourhood; 'Lady of the Mercians' after Aethelred's death in 912; built fortresses in Mercia; stormed Brecknock, 916. rxviii. 21

[36] Ethelfrid, Aethelfrith, or Aedilfrid (d. 617), king of the Northumbrians, 593; called Flesaurs; defeated Scots, British, and Irish at Dtegsastane, 603: defeated Welsh near Chester, 613; defeated and slain by Raedwald of East Anglia.

[37] Ethelgar, Aethelgar, or Algar (d. 990), archbishop of Canterbury; abbot of Newminster (Hyde Abbey), near Winchester, when JEthelwold expelled the secular clergy, 964; bishop of Selsey, 980; archbishop of Canterbury, 988.

[38] Ethelgiva (d. 956). See Aelfgifu.

[39] Ethelhard, Aethelheard, Adelard, or Edelred (d. 805), archbishop of Canterbury ; elected archbishop of Canterbury, 791; consecrated, 793, the delay being due to the Kentish men's dislike of a prelate interested in maintaining the primacy of Li ch field; refugee at the Mercian court, 797-8; recognised as metropolitan, 803.

[40] Ethelmaer, Elmer, or Aelmer (,l. 1137), also called Herlewin, ascetic writer; prior of Christ Church, Canterbury, 1128; supported Archbishop William of Corbeuil against the convent, 1136; wrote De exercitiis spiritualis vitae, also a volume of letters destroyed in the Cottonian Library fire, 1731.

[41] Ethelmaer (d. 1260). See Aymer de Valence.

[42] Ethelnoth, Aethelnoth, Lat. Egelnodus or Ednodus (d. 1038), archbishop of Canterbury ; related i to kings of Wessex; one of Onut's chaplains; archbishop of Canterbury, 1020; supported Harthacnut; called the Good

[43] Ethelred or Aethelred I (d. 871), king of the West-Saxons and Kentishmen; king, 866; saved Mercia from Danish invaders, 868: defeated by the Danes near Reading, 871; routed the Danes at Ashdown in a battle supposed to be commemorated by the White Horse at Uffington; mortally wounded at Merton..

[44] Ethelred or Aethelred (d. 889), archbishop of Canterbury; monk of Christ Church, Canterbury: archbishop, 870-89.

[45] Ethelred or Aethelred II, the Unready (i.e. the resourceless) (968?-1016), king of England; son of Eadgar; came to the crown (978) through the murder of his brother Edward the Martyr; induced by covetousness anil the representations of his favourite, thelsine, to ravage the pee of Rochester. 986; bought the alliance of the Norwegian invader, Olaf Tryggvapon, 991; defeated Olafs fleet, 992; bought off an attack by Olaf and Swend, 994; published laws regulating bail and surety and (997) a police code; unsuccessfully invaded Cotentin, 1000: married Emma, daughter of Richard the Fearless, duke of Normandy; massacred the Danes settled in England, 1002; attacked by Malcolm, king of Scots, 1006; promulgated code of military regulations, 1008; ordered the whole nation to be called out against the Danes; crippled by Danish sympathies of his favourite, Edric or Eadric Streona; bought off the Danes for 48,000?., 1012; fled to Rouen (1013") after Swend of Denmark had been formally chosen king of England, 1013; brought back to England by Olaf and the witan after Swend's death, 1014; expelled King Cnut, 1014; implicated in the assassination of the Danish thegns Sigeferth and Morkere, 1015.

[46] Ethelred, Aethelred, Ailred, or Aelred (1109?-1166), historical writer; in the service of Prince Henry of Scotland; abbot of Revesby: abbot of Rievaulx, 1146-66: brought about meeting of Henry II of England and Louis VII of France with Pope Alexander III at Tonci, 1162; composed rhythmical prose eulogy of St. Cuthbert; missionary to Galloway Picts, whose chief he persuaded to become a monk; canonised, 1191. His works include Vita et Miracula S. Edwardi Regis et Confessoris De Bello Standardii and Chronicon ab Adam ad Henricum I

[47] Ethelstan, Aethelstan, or Aelfstan (d. 946), ealdorman of East Anglia, c. 929; member of the royal house of Wessex; nicknamed the Half-king by reason of his great power; became a monk at Glastoubury, 956.

[48] Ethelwerd or Aethelweard (d. 998?), chronicler; styled himself Patricius Consul Fabius Quaestor (ealdorman) in his Latin chronicle; possibly the ealdorman who persuaded Olaf of Norway to conclude the treaty of Andover with yEthelred II, 994; compiled a history extending from the creation to 973 A.D., first edited by Savile, 1596.

[49] Ethelwine, Aethelwine, or Allwyn (d. 992), ealdorman of East Anglia: son of the ealdorman Ethelstan; ealdorman, 962; built and endowed Benedictine monastery in the isle of Ramsey in Huntingdonshire at the suggestion of Oswald, bishop of Worcester, 968; abbot, though a layman, with Oswald; defended the monasteries of East Anglia against the Mercian faction, 975; chief ealdorman, 983.

[50] Ethelwold, Aethelwold, or Alelwold, Saint (908?–984), bishop of Winchester; dean of Glastonbury Abbey; refouuded a monastic house at Abingdon, c. 964; introduced the strict Benedictine rule from Fleury; bishop of Winchester, 963; forcibly expelled the secular clerks from Winchester, Ohertsey, Milton, and Ely, with King Eadgar's support; narrowly escaped being poisoned; rebuilt church of Peterborough; built a new cathedral at Winchester; restored the nunnery at Winchester: author of a treatise on the circle and translator of theRegularis concordia

[51] Ethelwulf, Aethelwulf, Adelwlf or Athulf (d. 858), king of the West-Saxons and Kentishmen; bishop of Winchester; made king of Kent, Sussex, and Surrey by his father, Ecgberht, 828; king of Weseex, 839; defeated by the Danes in a naval engagement, 842; routed the Danes at Ockley, 852; freed a tenth part of the folclands from all burdens except the trinoda necessitas, c. 854; made a pilgrimage to Rome, possibly originating the payment of Peter's pence; married Judith, daughter of Charles the Bald, at Verberie, 856: declined to make war upoii his rebellious son Etbelbald, and allowed him V-sex; by his will charged every ten hides of his property with the support of a poor man (857 ?).

[52] George Etherege or Ethrygg, in Latin Edrycus (fl. 1588), classical scholar; scholar of Corpus Christ! College, Oxford, 1534; probationer-fellow, 1539; M.A., 1543: M.B., 1545; regius professor of Greek, 1547-1550 and 1564-9: deprived as a catholic, 1559. His works include a Latin translation of part of Justin Martyr.

[53] Sir George Etherege (1635?–1691), dramatist : employed by Charles II and James II on diplomatic missions; knighted; produced Comical Revenge 1664, She would if she could 1667, and The Man of Mode 1676, three comedies; helped to popularise rhyme in comedy.

[54] John Wesley Etheridge (1804–1866), Wesleyan minister; second minister in the Brighton circuit, 1831: Ph.D. Heidelberg, 1847; principal work, The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch, &c. 1862 and 1865.

[55] James Etkins (1613?–1687). See James Atkine.

[56] William Etty (1787–1849), painter; studied in the Royal Academy school at Somerset House; first exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1811; travelled on the continent; made a great impression with Cleopatra 1821; R.A., 1828; sold his Joan of Arc pictures for 2,500?. Some minor works are in National Gallery, London, and at South Kensington.

[57] Eugene (d. 618). See Eoghan.

[58] Eugenius I, unhistorical king of Scotland, (according to Buchanan) thirty-ninth king after Fergus Mac Ferchard.

[59] Eugenius II, (according to Buchanan) forty-first king of Scotland; supposed son of Fergus Mac Earc.

[60] Eugenius III, (according to Buchanan) forty-sixth king of Scotland.

[61] Eugenius IV, (according to Buchanan) fifty-first king of Scotland; identified with Eochoid Buidhe (reigned 606-29).

[62] Eugenius V, (according to Buchanan) fifty-sixth king of Scotland; identified with Eochoid Rinnenhail (c. 670).

[63] Eugenius VI,(. 650), (according to Buchanan) fifty-seventh king of Scotland; also called Eogan and Ewen; contemporary with Adamnan.

[64] Eugenius VII , (according to Buchanan) fifty-ninth king of Scotland; reigned 680-97.

[65] Eugenius VIII, (according to Buchanan) sixtysecond king of Scotland; reigned 761-4.

[66] Philalethes Eugenius (pseudonym). See Thomas Vaughan, 1622–1666.

[67] Laurence Eusden (1688-1730), poet laureate; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1706; M.A., 1712; fellow, 1712; given the laureateship (1718) by the Duke of Newcastle, whose marriage he bad celebrated, 1717; rector of Coningsby; the L. E. of Pope and Swift's treatise on bathos; published metrical panegyrics and translations from Claudian and Statius.

[68] Eustace ((. 1215), bishop of Ely : vice-chancellor, keeper of the royal seal, and (1197) chancellor: dean of Salisbury; bishop of Ely, 1197; sent by Richard I to remonstrate with Philip Augustus of France on alleged infringements of the five yearspeace; one of three prelates selected by Pope Innocent III to urge King John to recognise Stephen Langton as primate, 1208; pronounced the interdict and escaped, 1208; associated with Archbishop Langton in procuring from Rome sentence of deposition on King John.

[69] James Eustace , third Viscount Baltinglas (f. 1585); headed an Irish catholic insurrection in 1680; escaped to Sim in; outlawed and attainted; died in Spain.

[70] John Chetwode Eustace (1762?-18l6), classical antiquary; took the habit at St. Gregory's Convent, Douay; priest: friend of Edmund Burke; recorded hi* continental travels in A Tour through Italy 1813, written in a latitudinariun spirit

[71] Roland Fitz Eustace, Baron Portlester (d. 1496), lord- treasurer in Ireland, 1454 (confirmed 1461): created Baron Portlester, 1461: twice accused of treason falsely; chancellor in Ireland, 1472-82 and 1488-96: took part in the Lambert Simnel rebellion, 1487.

[72] Abel Evans (1679–1737), divine and poet; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool; probationer-fellow, St. John's College, Oxford, 1692; M.A., 1699; D.D., 1711; expelled from chaplaincy of his college, but reinstated by Duchess of Maryborough's influence; famous for his satire on The Apparition: a dialogue betwixt the Devil and a Doctor concerning the rights of the Christian Church 1710; epigrammatist.

[73] Anne Evans (1820–1870), poet and musical composer; daughter of Arthur Benoni Evans.

[74] Arise Evans (b. 1607). See Rhys Evans.

[75] Arthur Benoni Evans (1781–1854), miscellaneous writer; son of Lewis Evans (1755-1827); M.A. St. John's College, Oxford, 1820; D.D., 1828; professor of classics and history in the Royal Military College, 1805-22; held country curacies; head-master of Market Bosworth grammar school, 1829-54. His works include Leicestershire Words, Phrases, and Proverbs 1848, and poems and sermons.

[76] Benjamin Evans (1740–1821), Welsh congregational minister; published abolitionist and sectarian works in Welsh.

[77] Brooke Evans (1797–1862), nickel refiner ; partner with a gunmaker in New York; indigo planter and merchant in Central America; amateur navigator; associated with one Askin in a venture for refining nickel from nickelspeiss; built works at Birmingham, 1835; obtained nickel from nickel-ore containing cobalt.

[78] Caleb Evans (1831–1886), geologist ; educated at University College School; clerk in the chancery pay office, 1852-82; F.G.S., 1867; first English geologist to divide Croydou and Oxted limestone into zones.

[79] Charles Smart Evans (1778–1849), vocalist and composer; gentleman of Chapel Royal: alto singer in the chorus of the Ancient Concerts of 1798; composed part-songs, motetts, and aMagnificat

[80] Christmas Evans (1766–1838), one of the great Welsh preachers; originally a farm labourer; baptist minister in Anglesey, 1792-1826, ruling autocratically: called the Bunyan of Wales; his sermons published in Welsh.

[81] Cornelius Evans (. 1648), impostor ; a native of Marseilles; impersonated Charles, prince of Wales, at Sandwich, 1648; escaped from Newgate, 1648.

[82] Daniel Evans (1774–1835), independent minister in North Wales, 1796-1835; published Welsh memoirs and sectarian works.

[83] Daniel Evans (1792–1846), Welsh poet ; commonly called Daniel Du o Ceredigion; fellow of Jesus College, Oxford; M.A., 1817; B.D., 1824; took orders; committed suicide, 1846; published Welsh poems,

[84] David Morier Evans (1819–1874), financial journalist; assistant city correspondent on theTimes started the Hour 1873; bankrupt on its failure; published financial works.

[85] Edward Evans ( rf. 1615), divine ; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford: M.A., 1602; fellow, 1595-1604; published sermons, 1616.

[86] Edward Evans (1716–1798), Welsh poet and bard of Druidic descent; pastor at Aberdare, 1772-98.

[87] Edward Evans (1789–1835), printseller ; published Catalogue of a Collection of Engraved Portraits.

[88] Edward David Evans (1818–1860), printseller ; son of Edward Evans (1789-1835).

[89] Evan Evans (1731–1789), Welsh poet and antiquary: studied at Merton College, Oxford; took orders; embodied his researches inSome Specimens of the... Antient Welsh Bards, translated into English 1764; published one English and several Welsh poems; granted an annuity by Paul 1'auton of Anglesey on condition of bequeathing him his manuscripts.

[90] Evan Evans (1804–1886), founder and pastor (1881-6) of the first Welsh church in Arkansas, U.S.A.; known as Evans Bach Nantyglo; published nonconformist treatises in Welsh.

[91] Evan Berber Evans (1836–1896), Welsh divine : studied at Normal College, Swansea, and Memorial College, Brecon; ordained pastor of Libanus Church, Morriston, 1862; pastor of Salem Church, Carnarvon, 1865-94; lecturer on homiletics at Bala-Bangor Congregational College, 1891: became principal, 1894; editor of Y Dysgedydd The Instructor), 1880-96: popular preacher.

[92] Sir Frederick John Owen Evans (1815–1885), hydrographer; second-class volunteer in the navy, 1828; surveyed the Coral Sea, the great barrier reef, and Torres Straits, 1841-6: published, when superintendent of the compass department, a Report on Compass Deviations in the Royal Navy 1860; captain, 1872; hydrographer to the admiralty, 1874-84; K.C.B., 1881.

[93] George Evans (1630?–1702), antiquary ; fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge; canon of Windsor, 1660; D.D. Cambridge, 1665: his collections on the history of St. George's Chapel printed in Ashmole's Berkshire 1719.

[94] Sir George de Lacy Evans (1787–1870), general ; ensign, 1807; served against Amir Khan, 1807; lieutenant, 1809; served in Peninsula; twice wounded before New Orleans, 1814 and 1815; engaged at Waterloo, 1815; lieutenant-colonel by brevet, 1815; M.P., Rye, 1831, Westminster, 1833: commanded British legion aiding Christina of Spain against Don Carlos, 1835-7; rendered great services to the Spanish government at Bilbao, Heruani, and elsewhere; K.O.B., 1837; grand cross of St. Ferdinand and Charles III; M.P., Westminster, 1846, 1852, 1857, and 1859-65; repulsed sortie from Sebastopol, 1854; G.C.B., 1855; honorary D.O.L. Oxford; general, 1861.

[95] John Evans (d. 1724), bishop of Meath; B.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1671; minister at Fort St. George, Madras, 1692; engaged in merchandise; bishop of Bangor, 1702; opposed the peace, 1712; bishop of Meath, 1716-24.

[96] John Evans (1680?–1730), divine; congregational minister at Wrexham, 1702-4; sole pastor of the Hand Alley meeting-house, Westminster, 1716; honorary D.D. Edinburgh and Aberdeen: completed part of a history of nonconformity from the Reformation to the civil war.

[97] John Evans (1693?–1734?), actor; joint-manager of Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin.

[98] John Evans (d. 1779), curate of Portsmouth; published a Harmony of the Four Gospels in Welsh, 1765.

[99] John Evans (. 1812), author; B.A., Jesus College, Oxford, 1792; author of North Wales 1812, and kindred works.

[100] John Evans (1767–1827), baptist minister; matriculated at King's College, Aberdeen, 1787; M.A. Edinburgh; general baptist pastor, Worship Street, London, 1792-1827; F.S.A., 1803-25: LL.D. Brown University, 1819; published miscellaneous writings.

[101] John Evans (1774–1828), printer: printed and edited the Bristol Observer 1819-23; published work on psalmody, 1823, and a history of Bristol, 1824; killed by the sudden falling of the Brunswick Theatre, Well Street.

[102] John Evans (d. 1832), miscellaneous writer ; kept private schools in Bristol and London; published essays and topographical notices of Bristol.

[103] John Evans, of Llwynffortun (1779–1847), Welsh methodist; methodist deacon, 1808; curate in the episcopal church; returned to methodism: a famous preacher.

[104] John Evans (1814–1875), better known as I. D. Ffraid, Welsh poet and Calviuistic methodist miuiter ; published poems, 1835, and a History of the Jews 1830, in Welsh; translated the Night Thoughts and Paradise Lost into Welsh.

[105] John Evans , 'Eglwysbach', (1840–1897), Welsh Wesleyan divine; shepherd; ordained, 1865; pastor at Liverpool, 1866-9, and 1872-8, Bangor, 1869-72, and 1886-9, Oswestry, 1889-90, and London, 1878-86 and 18901893; member of Legal hundred of Wesleyan conference, 1884, and chairman of South Wales district, 1895; organised and conductedforward movement mission in Glamorgan: frequently styledthe Welsh Spurgeon; published biographical and religious writings in Welsh.

[106] Lewis Evans (fl. 1574), controversialist; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1557; B.D., 1662; offended Bishop Grindal by his zealous Catholicism, and fled the country; published at Antwerp an attack on protestantism, 1565; published attacks on Romanism after 1568.

[107] Lewis Evans (1755–1827), mathematician ; matriculated at Merton College, Oxford, 1774; vicar of Froxfleld, Wiltshire, 1788-1827; first mathematical master, Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, 1799-1820; F.R.S., 1823; F.A.S.; contributed to Philosophical Magazine.

[108] Philip Evans (1645–1679), Jesuit; studied at St. Omer; missioner in North Wales, 1675; executed during Popish plot persecution.

[109] Rhys Evans or RICE (b. 1607), fanatic; adopted name of Arise Evans; independent; imprisoned on the charge that he had declared himself to be Christ, 1647: petitioned Cromwell to restore Charles II, 1653; published mystical tracts.

[110] Richard Evans (1784–1871), portrait-painter and copyist; painted in Rome a fresco which he afterwards found hanging at South Kensington as an antique; exhibited portraits at the Royal Academy from 1816.

[111] Robert Harding Evans (1778–1857), bookseller and auctioneer; son of Thomas Evans (1742-1784); educated at Westminster; sold the Duke of Roxburghe's library, 1812; edited Thomas Evans'sOld Ballads 1810, and other works.

[112] Robert Wilson Evans (1789–1866), archdeacon of Westmoreland and author; educated at Shrewsbury and Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow, 1813; M.A.,1814: B.D., 1842; archdeacon of Westmoreland, 1856-65. His works include Tales of the Ancient British Church 1840.

[113] Samuel Evans (d. 1835?), landscape-painter: taught the daughter of George III drawing: drawingI master at Eton.

[114] Theophilus Evans (1694–1767), divine ; educated ! at Shrewsbury; clergyman in South Wales, 1728-67. published a History of Modern Enthusiasm 1752 and 1759, and an uncritical relation of Welsh antiquities.

[115] Thomas Evans (d. 1633), poet: M.A. Corpus Christ! College, Cambridge, 1616; B.D., 1628; rector of Little Holland, 1618-33: published a poem, (Edipus 1615, which is now very rare.

[116] Thomas Evans (1742–1784), bookseller; edited, among other works, Shakespeare's Poems 1774, and Prior's Works 1779; published collection of Old Ballads 1777.

[117] Thomas Evans (1739–1803), bookseller; publisher of the Morning Chronicle; printed in his London Packet letter reflecting on Oliver Goldsmith and Miss Horneck, 1773.

[118] Thomas Evans (Tomos Glyn Cothi) (1766–1833), Welsh poet; pilloried and imprisoned for singing a Welsh song On Liberty 1797; minister at Aberdare, 1811-33; published theological works.

[119] Thomas Evans (Telynog) (1840–1865), Welsh poet; sailor, and subsequently collier; his poetical works collected, 1866.

[120] Thomas Simpson Evans (1777–1818), mathematician; son of Lewis Evans (1755-1827); assistant at Greenwich Observatory, 1800-5: mathematical master at Woolwich, 1803-10, at Christ's Hospital, 1813-18: LL.D.; translated Cagnoli's Trigonometria piana e sferica.

[121] William Evans (d. 1720?), presbyterian divine; pastor in Carmarthenshire, 1688-1718; founder of the Welsh academy system; published theological work in Welsh, 1707.

[122] William Evans (d. 1776?), Welsh lexicographer ; presbyterian minister; compiled English-Welsh dictionary, 1771.

[123] William Evans (1811?–1868), landscape-painter : styled Evans of Bristol; his best-known work Traeth Mawr

[124] William Evans (1798–1877), water-colour painter: son of Samuel Evans; exhibited at the Old Society of Painters in Water-colours from 1828; drawing-master at Eton, 1818-27; house-master at Eton, 1840-77; helped to reform the school.

[125] Sir William David Evans (1767–1821), lawyer ; educated at Harrow; attorney, 1789: barrister, Gray's Inn, 1794: stipendiary magistrate for Manchester, 18131818; knighted, 1819: recorder of Bombay, 1819-21: translated Pothier's Law of Obligations and Contracts 1806, and wrote legal works.

[126] William Edward Evans (1801–1869), divine and naturalist; educated at Shrewsbury; scholar of Clare Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1826; prebendary and praelector of Hereford, 1846; canon, 1861; published The Song of the Birds 1846.

[127] Edward Evanson (1731–1805), divine: M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1753; incumbent of Longdon; prosecuted in the consistory court for unitarianism, 1771; chaplain to Wedderburne, the solicitor-general, 1775; assailed trinitarianism in A Letter to Dr. Hurd 1777; resigned Longdon, 1778; established school at Mitcham, 1778. His works include The Dissonance of the four... Evangelists 1792.

[128] John Eveleigh (1748–1814), provost of Oriel College, Oxford: B.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1770; fellow of Oriel, 1770; M.A., 1772; B.D.,1782; D.D.,1783; dean of Oriel, 1775-81; provost, 1781; vicar of St. Mary's, Oxford, 1778-81, and of Aylesford, 1782-92; prebendary of Rochester, 1781.

[129] Sir George Augustus William Shuckburgh-Evelyn See Shuckburgh-Evelyn.

[130] John Evelyn , the younger (1655–1699), translator; son of John Evelyn (1620-1706); entered Trinity College, Oxford, 1667; admitted of the Middle Temple, 1672; a commissioner of revenue in Ireland, 16921696; translated Rapinus's Latin poem Of Gardens 1673.

[131] John Evelyn (1620–1706), virtuoso; student at the Middle Temple, 1637; fellow commoner at Balliol. 1637; joined Charles I, 1642; travelled; boughtrare tables of veins and nerves at Padua, 1645; travelling companion of the poet Waller, 1646: translated La Mothe Le Vayer'sOf Liberty and Servitude 1649; settled at Sayes Court, Deptford, 1653: proposed to Robert Boyle a scheme which was afterwards developed into the Koyal Society; member of council of foreign plantations, 1671; a commissioner for privy seal, 1686-7; secretary to Royal Society, K.72; his property at Sayes Court wantonly desecrated by Peter the Great when tenant, 1698; appointed Bentley to first Boyle lectureship; a recognised authority on numismatics, architecture, and landscape gardening. His works include Sculptura 1662, Sylva 1664, andA Character of England 1659. HisDiary was first published in 1818 and 1819.

[132] Everard (1083?–1150). See Eborard.

[133] John Everard (fl. 1611), Roman catholic student, converted to Catholicism at Clare Hall, Cambridge: probationer in the English College at Rome, 1610: published Britanno-Komanvs (autobiography), 1611.

[134] John Everard (1575?–1650?), divine and mystic : M.A. Clare College, Cambridge, 1607: D.D., 1619; imprisoned for censuring Spanish outrages in the Indies, 1621 and 1622; deprived by the high commission court of his living at Fairstead, 1636; fined 1,000l., 1639; translated thePomanderof Hermes Trismegistus, 1660. His 'Parai'le of Two Drops reasoning togetherwas repubIibedinl866.

[135] Mathias Everard (d. 1857), major-general; ensign, 1804; captured by the French, 1806; led the forlorn hope at Monte Video, 1807: fought at Ooruna ami siege of Flushing, 1809: commanded flank battalion at storming of Bhurtpre, 1825; C.B. and brevet lieutenantcolonel; major-general, 1851: knight of Hanoverian order.

[136] Robert Everard (. 1664), Roman catholic writer; captain during the civil war; published work vindicating his conversion to Catholicism, 1664.

[137] Thomas Everard alias Everett (1560–1633), Jesuit; studied at Cambridge and (1592-3) at Rheims; socius and master of Jesuit novices at Louvain; missioner in England, 1604 and 1617; banished, 1621; subsequently missioner in Suffolk; translated Latin and Italian religious works.

[138] Silvester de Everdon (d. 1254), bishop of Carlisle: held livings in Northamptonshire from 1219; keeper of great seal, 1244: archdeacon of Chester, 1245; bishop of Carlisle, 1246: justice itinerant, 1251-2; joined other bishops in enforcing Magna Carta, 1253.

[139] Sir George Everest (1790–1866), military engineer: East India cadet, 1806; made survey of Java for Sir Stamford Raffles, 1813-15; superintendent of survey, Hyderabad, 1823: surveyor-general of India; lieutenant-colonel, 1838: C.B., 1861; knighted, 1861; F.R.A.S. and F.R.G.S.: published two accounts of measurements on the Meridional Arc of India, 1830 and 1847. Mount Everest is named after him.

[140] James Everett (1784–1872), miscellaneous writer ; expelled from Wesleyan conference and ministry, 1849, as author of Wesleyan Takingsand the suspected author of the Fly Sheetsof 1845 and after: established United Methodist Free Church 1857; first president of secessionist assembly, 1857; published memoirs, brochures, and histories of methodism.

[141] Allen Edward Everitt (1824–1882), artist ; executed water-colour drawings of mediseval remains in the midlands, Belgium, France, and Germany; hon. secretary of Royal Society of Artists of Birmingham, 1858-82, of archaeological section of Midland Institute, 1870.

[142] John of Eversden or Everisden (fl. 1300), chronicler; cellarer of the Benedictine abbey of Bury St. Edmunds, 1300; proctor for his abbot, 1307; hisSeries temporum ah initio mundi originally supposed a continuation of Florence of Worcester.

[143] Viscount Eversley (1794–1888). See Charles Shaw-Lefkvre.

[144] Hugh of Evesham (d. 1287), cardinal; called Atratus, Il Nero, and Le Noir; studied at Oxford and Cambridge and in France and Italy; nicknamed 'Phoenix'; archdeacon of Worcester, 1275: prebendary of York, 1279; physician to Pope Martin IV, 1280; cardinal, 1281; author of Canones Medicinales Distinctions predicabiles and other works.

[145] Walter Op Evesham (fl. 1320). See Walter.

[146] Alexander Charles Ewald (1842–1891), historical writer: clerk in public record office, 1861; senior clerk, 1890; published popular historical works and assisted in compilation of a calendar and precis of Norman Rolls Henry V

[147] Christian Ferdinand Ewald (1802–1874), missionary; took Anglican orders, 1836; laboured in Jerusalem for London Society for Propagating the Gospel among the Jews from 1841.

[148] Joseph Ewart (1759–1792), diplomatist; educated at Dumfries and Edinburgh University: envoy plenipotentiary to Prussia, 1788-91; succeeded in getting the Prince of Orange re-established as stadtholder; arranged marriage treaty between Duke of York and Frederick William's daughter.

[149] William Ewart (1798–1869), politician; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; Newdigate prizeman, 1820; B.A., 1821; barrister, Middle Temple, 1827; M.P., Bletchingley, 1828-30, Liverpool, 1830,1831, 1832, and 1835, Wigan, 1839, and Dumfries burghs, 1841-1868; free trader; brought about an act for restricting i-apital punishment, 1837; carried bill establishing free public libraries, 1850; published speeches.

[150] John W. Ewbank (1799?–1847), painter; foundation memler of Iloyal Scottish Academy, 1830; painted historical pieces and marine subjects.

[151] Thomas Ewbank (1792–1870), writer on practical mechanics; manufacturer of lead, tin, and copper tubing in New York, 1819-36; related his travels in Life in Brazil 1856; commissioner of patents, 1849-52; president of American Ethnological Society; published The World a Workshop 1855, and works on physics and hydraulics.

[152] John Ewen (1741–1821), supposed author of 'o weel may the boatie row'; hardware retailer in Aberdeen; left 14,000l. by a will (disallowed by the House of Lords) to found an educational charity in Montrose.

[153] Maurice Ewens alias Newport (1611–1687). See Newport.

[154] Isaac Ewer, Ewers or Ewres (d. 1650), regicide; parliamentarian colonel of foot; custodian of Charles I in Hurst Castle; signed death-warrant, 1649.

[155] John Ewer (d. 1774), bishop of Bangor; educated at Eton; B.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1728; fellow; M.A., 1732; canon of Windsor, 1738; prebendary of Hereford, 1751; D.D., 1756; bishop of Llandaff, 1761-8, of Bangor, 1768-74; preached against the American colonists as profligates, 1767.

[156] William Howell Ewin (1731?–1804), usurer ; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1756; LL.D., 1766; J.P. for Cambridgeshire; suspended from his degrees by the vice-chancellor, 1778, for lending money at usury to a student; restored in 1779, there being no university statute against his offence; deprived of his commission, 1781.

[157] Greville Ewing (1767–1841), congregational minister; studied at Edinburgh; first secretary, Edinburgh Missionary Society, 1796; forbidden by the East India Company to go as missionary to India; abandoned church of Scotland; superintended congregational charge at Glasgow, 1799-1836; tutor of the Glasgow Theological Academy, 1809-36; published Greek grammar and lexicon for New Testament students, 1801.

[158] Juliana Horatia Ewing (1841–1885), writer for the young; nee Gatty; her first story published in the Monthly Packet 1861; produced Melchior's Dream 1862; started Aunt Judy's Magazine, 1866; married Major Alexander Ewing, 1867; wrote many soldier-stories.

[159] Dukes of Exeter . See HOLLAND, JOHN, 1352?1400; BEAUFORT, SIR THOMAS, d, 1427; HOLLAND, JOHN, 1395-1447.

[160] Marquis of Exeter (1467–1538). See Henry Courtenay.

[161] Marchioness of Exeter (d. 1558). See Gertrude Courtenay

[162] Exeter first Earl of (1542–1622). See Thomas Cecil.

[163] John of Exeter (d. 1268).

[164] Joseph of Exeter (. 1190).

[165] Stephen of Exeter (fl. 1265).

[166] Walter of Exeter (. 1301), Cluniac monk ; wrote a variant of the Guy of Warwick romance.

[167] William of Exeter (. 1330?), author of 'Determinatioiies against Ockiiam; D.D.; canon of Exeter.

[168] William of Exeter (ft. 1360?), physician to Queen Phihppa; precentor of Lincoln.

[169] William of Exeter (d. 1365?), author of sermons on the Beatitudes.

[170] Thomas Exley (d. 1855?), mathematician ; M.A.; joined the Rev. William Moore Johnson in bringing out The Imperial Encyclopedia 1812. His other writings include Physical Optics 1834.

[171] William Exmew (1507?–1535), Carthusian ; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge: steward of the London Charterhouse, 1535 (?); hanged for denying the king's supremacy, 1535.

[172] Exmouth first Viscount (1757–1833). See Edward Pellew.

[173] Charles Exshaw (d. 1771), painter and engraver; first exhibited, 1764; etched mainly after Rembrandt.

[174] John Exton (1600?–1665?), admiralty lawyer; M.A. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1623; LL.D., 1634; admiralty judge, 1649-65; published The Maritime Dicaeologie 16C4.

[175] Sir Thomas Exton (1631–1688), admiralty lawyer ; son of John Exton; educated at Merchant Taylors J School and Trinity Hall, Cambridge: LL.D., 1662; member of Gray's Inn, 1648; knighted; admiralty judge before 1678; advocate-general; M.P. Cambridge University, 1679, 1881, and 1685; master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1676-88.

[176] Charles Eyre (1784–1864), miscellaneous writer; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1807; took orders; Unitarian; newspaper proprietor at Colchester; committed suicide. His Fall of Adam (1852) is an amended edition of Paradise Lost. 1

[177] Edmund John Eyre (1767–1816), dramatist; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; played Jaques at Drury Lane, 1806; published Maid of Normandy (tragedy), 1794, and Consequences (comedy), 1793.

[178] Sir Giles Eyre (d. 1695), judge ; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1661; recorder of Salisbury; M.P., Salisbury, 1688-9; justice of the king's bench and knighted, 1689.

[179] Sir James Eyre (1734–1799), judge; scholar of Winchester, 1747; matriculated at St. John's College, Oxford, 1749; treasurer of Gray's Inn, 1766: recorder of London, 1763; counsel for Wilkes in Wilkes v. Wood, 1763; refused to present to the king London's remonstrance on the exclusion of Wilkes from parliament, 1770; knighted, 1772; president of court of exchequer, 1787; chief commissioner of great seal, 1792-3; chief-justice of common pleas, 1793.

[180] James Eyre (1748–1813), philologist; educated at Catharine Hall, Cambridge; head-master of Solihull grammar school; country clergyman; annotated Johnson's English Dictionary (in manuscript).

[181] Sir James Eyre (1792–1857), physician; M.R.C.S., 1814; mayor of Hereford, 1830; knighted, 1830; M.B. Edinburgh, 1834; M.R.C.P., 1836; wrote medical works.

[182] John Eyre (1764–1803), evangelical clergyman; dissenting minister; matriculated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1778; priest, 1779; minister of Homerton, 1785; helped to found London Missionary Society, 1795; originated scheme (1796) which developed into Hackney Theological College (opened, 1803).

[183] Sir Robert Eyre (1666–1735), judge ; son of Sir Samuel Eyre: barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1689; recorder of Salisbury, 1696; M.P., Salisbury, 1698-1710; solicitor-general, 1708; manager of Sacheverell's impeachment; judge of queen's bench, 1710; knighted, 1710; lord chief baron, 1723; lord chief- justice of common pleas, 1726.

[184] Sir Samuel Eyre (1633–1698), judge ; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1661; justice of king's bench, 1694; upheld the murderer Knollys's claim to privilege of peerage, 1698.

[185] Thomas Eyre (1670–1715), Jesuit ; student at St. Omer; chaplain to James II at St. Germain; professor of theology, Liege, 1701-4; professed Jesuit, 1706; socius to his provincial, 1712.

[186] Thomas Eyre (1748–1810), Roman catholic divine; professor at the English college, Douay; president of Crook Hall, 1795-1808, subsequently removing it to Ushaw; edited John Goter's Spiritual Works 1790.

[187] Sir Vincent Eyre (1811–1881), general ; gazetted to Bengal establishment, 1828; commissary of ordnance to Cabul field force, 1839; surrendered as hostage to Akbar Khan, 1842; rescued by Sir George Pollock, 1843: :ited to command artillery ofGwalior contingent," 1844; founded Esapore, colony for destitute families of Portuguese natives: defeated a lanre native force, 1857; took part in the relief of Lucknow, 1857: lieutenantcolonel and C.B., 1857; lieutenant-general, 1863; K.C.S.I., 1867.

[188] Sir William Eyre (1805–1859), major-general ; educated at Rugby; ensign, 1823; received company in 73rd regiment, 1829; major, 1839; served in first Kaffir war, 1847; lieutenant-colonel, 1847; defeated Kaffirs at Quibi?ui River and Committee's Hill, 1851; C.B., aidede-camp to the queen, and colonel, 1852; fought in Crimean war; major-general, 1854; K.C.B., 1855; decorated by France and Turkey, 1856.

[189] Bernard Eyston (1628–1709), Franciscan friar ; called in religion Bernard a Sum-to Francisco; lector of divinity at St. Bonaventure's Convent, Douay; D.D.; died at Douay; wrote The Christian Duty compared 1684.

[190] Charles Eyston (1667–1721), antiquary; chief work, a historv of Glastonbury abbey and town, 1716.

[191] Baron Eythin. See James King.

[192] Robert William Eyton (1815–1881), antiquary; educated at Rugby; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1845; rector of Ryton, 1841-63; maintained in Key to Domesday 1877, fiscal character of domesday hide of land; published The Antiquities of Shropshire 1861.

[193] Stephen Eyton or Edon (fl. 1320?), chronicler; canon of Warter; wrote Acta Edwardi II.

[194] Thomas Campbell Eyton (1809–1880), naturalist; correspondent of Agassiz and Darwin; opponent of j Darwinism; his chief works, A History of the Oyster and Oyster Fisheries 1858, and Osteologia Avium 1871-8.

[195] Abraham Ezekiel Ezekiel (1757–1806), miniature-painter and scientific optician; engraved portraits,

[196] Solomon Ezekiel (1781–1867), Jewish writer ; son of Abraham Ezekiel Ezekiel; settled at Penzance; published letter to Sir Rose Price, which led to suspension of efforts to convert Jews of Penzance to Christianity; published lectures on the lives of Abraham and Isaac, 1844-5.

[197] Peter Fabell (fl. 15th cent.), magician and dabbler in alchemy; hero of the Merry Devil of Edmonton, a play, which has been wrongly attributed to Shakespeare (first edition, 1608).

[198] Frederick William Faber (1814–1863), superior of the London Oratory; educated at Shrewsbury and Harrow; matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, 1832; scholar of University College, 1834; Newdigate prizeman, 1836: B.A., 1836; fellow of University, 1837; M.A., 1839; rector of Elton, 1842-6: formed catholic community of Brothers of the Will of God, 1845; joined oratory of St. Philip Neri, 1848; established London Oratory, 1849; created D.D. by Pius IX, 1854; friend of Wordsworth and Newman; published poems and devotional treatises.

[199] George Stanley Faber (1773–1854), controversialist: scholar of University College, Oxford, 1790; fellow of Lincoln, 1793; M.A., 1796; Bampton lecturer, 1801; B.D., 1803; vicar of Stockton-upon-Tees, 1805-8; master of Sherburn Hospital, 1832-54; prebendary of Salisbury, 1831. Characteristic works are The Origin of Pagan Idolatry a pre-scientific dissertation, 1816, and Letters on Tractarian Secessions to Popery 1846, and 'The Revival of the French Emperorship, anticipated from the Necessity of Prophecy 1852.

[200] John Faber , the elder (1660?–1721), draughtsman and mezzotint engraver; native of the Hague; engraved portraits of founders of Oxford (1712) and Cambridge Colleges.

[201] John Faber , the younger (1695?-1756), mezzotint engraver; son of John Faber the elder; engraved portraits of Charles II, Ignatius Loyola, and others.

[202] Fabricius 3 (.?. 1429). See Alexander Carpenter.

[203] Robert Fabyan (d. 1513), chronicler; sheriff of London, 1493; held Newgate and Ludgate against Cornish rebels, 1498; expanded his diary intoThe Concordance of Histories a compilation extending from the arrival of Brutus in England to the death of Henry VII (first printed, 1516; edited by Ellis in 1811).

[204] Jean Christophe Faccio (d. 1720), brother of Nicolas Faccio; F.R.S., 1706; described in the 'Philosophical Transactions a solar eclipse which he had observed at Geneva, 1706; died at Geneva,

[205] Nicolas Faccio (1664–1753), of Duillier, mathematician and fanatic; citizen of Geneva, 1678; developed Casaini's theory of zodiacal light. 1685; showed how to utilise a ship's motion for grinding corn, sawing, &c.; betrayed conspiracy to kidnap the Prince of Orange, 1686; F.R.S., 1688; befriended by Newton; disparaged Leibnitz for personal reasons, 1699; chief of the French prophets; exposed at Charing Cross as an impostor; wandered into Asia to propagate his theories; chief works Epistola... de mari aeneo Salomonis 1688, and Navigation Improv'd 1728.

[206] Fachtna, saint and Bishop (fl. 6th cent.), bishop and abbot of Dairinis Maelaufaidh (Molanna, near Lismore); founded school of Ross (Ros Ailithir); miraculously cured of blindness.

[207] Thomas Faed (1826–1900), painter; studied at Edinburgh School of Design; associate of Scottish Academy, 1849; exhibited at Royal Academy, London, from 1851, principally incidents in humble Scottish life; R.A.,

[208] Robert Fagan (d. 1816), diplomatist and amateur portrait-painter; consul-general for Sicily and the Ionian islands; purchased from Prince Altieri Claude's Landing of Aeneas and Sacrifice of Apollo which he refused to deliver up to the French authorities, and was consequently imprisoned; succeeded in conveying (1799) the two paintings by Claude to Palermo; exhibited three portraits at the Royal Academy.

[209] Sir John Fagg (d. 1701), parliamentarian; colonel : M.P., Rye, 1640: commissioner for Charles I's trial, 16481649; M.P., Sussex, 1664, 1656 (unseated), and 1659; imprisoned for attempting to raise forces in Sussex to support Haslerig and Morley, 1659; state councillor, 1659; created baronet, 1660; M.P., Steyuing, Sussex, 1661-1701.

[210] Charles Hilton Fagge (1838-1883), physician; nephew of John Hilton (1804-1878); M.D. London, 1863; F.R.C.P., 1870; examiner in medicine to London University; demonstrator of morbid anatomy, lecturer on pathology, and curator of the museum at Guy's; wrote medical dissertations.

[211] Paul Fagius (1504–1549), divine; born at Rheinzabern in the Palatinate; pastor at Isne, 1537-42: established Hebrew printing-press at Isne; professor of Hebrew at Strasburg, 1544-6, at Heidelberg, 1546-9; deposed for questioning the Interim, 1549; Hebrew reader at Cambridge, 1549.

[212] James Fahey (1804–1885), water-colour painter; studied anatomy at Paris; first exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1825; secretary of the New Society of Painters in Water-Colours, 1838-74; drawing-masterat Merchant TaylorsSchool, 1856-83.

[213] Sir William Charles Fahie (1763–1833), vice-admiral; entered navy, 1777; assisted at capture of Danish West India islands, 1807; served at redaction of Guadeloupe, 1810; commander of the order of St. Ferdinand and Merit; commander-in-chief on Leeward islands station, 1820, at Halifax, 1821-4; K.C.B., 1824; vice-admiral, 1830; died at Bermuda.

[214] Patrick Fairbairn (1805–1874), theologian; studied at Edinburgh; presented by the crown to North Ronaldhay, Orkney, 1830; professor of divinity in the free church theological college, Aberdeen, 1853-6; D.D. Glasgow; principal of the free church college of Glasgow, 1856-74; moderator of the general assembly, 1865; chief work,Typology of Scripture 1845 and 1847; edited theImperial Bible Dictionary

[215] Sir Peter Fairbairn (1799–1861), engineer and inventor; brother of Sir William Fair bairn; improved flax-spinning machinery by modification of roving-frame and introduction of screw and rotary gills; established foundry for manufacture of war material; knighted; mayor of Ieeds. 1857-8, and 1858-9.

[216] Sir William Fairbairn (1789–1874), engineer; of humble origin: befriended by George Stephenson: constructed two water-mills at Zurich, which worked regularly, whatever the height of the river, 1824; M.I.C.E., 1830; chief fabricator of machinery for the Turkish government in England, 1839; superintended construction of tubular Meuai Straits bridge in conjunction with Stcpheusou, 1848, but found his position untenable, 1849; patented his new principle of wroughtiron girders; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1860, Cambridge, 1862; president of the British Association, 1861, of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1854; created baronet, 1869.

[217] Sir Palmes Fairborne (1644-1680), governor of Tangiers; captain in the Tangiers regiment of foot, 1661; knighted; major, 1664; governor of Tangiers, 1676-8; constructed a mole across the harbour; quelled mutiny of troops provoked by the neglect of the home government, 1677; superseded, 1680; defended Tangiers against Muley Hassan, 1680; mortally wounded in skirmish with Moors.

[218] Sir Stafford Fairborne (d. 1742), admiral of the fleet; son of Sir Palmes Fairborne; commanded the Warspite at battle of Beachy Head, 1690; present at battle of Barfleur, 1692; scattered Newfoundland pirates, 1700; rear-admiral of the blue, 1701; knighted, 1701; vice-admiral of the red, 1703; present at capture of Barcelona, 1705, and reduction of Ostend, 1706; admiral of the fleet, 1708.

[219] Thomas Fairchild (1667?–1729), gardener; established, c. 1690, as nurseryman and florist at Hoxton; conducted experiments which helped to establish the existence of sex in plants; first to produce scientifically an artificial hybrid; published The City Gardener, 1722, and contributed to Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs propagated near London published 1730.

[220] Richard Fairclough (1621–1682), nonconformist divine; son of Samuel Fairclough (1594-1677) ; M.A. and fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; delivered assize sermon in Somerset; rector of Mells, 1643; ejected by the Act of Uniformity.

[221] Samuel Fairclough (1594–1677), nonconformist divine; B.A. Queens' College, Cambridge; lecturer at Lynn Regis, 1619; cited by the bishop of Norwich for omitting the sign of the cross in baptism; retired; rector of Barnardiston, 1623; rector of Kedington, 1629-1662; signed the petition of 1646; ejected, 1662; published The Pastor's Legacy 1663, and other works.

[222] Samuel Fairclough (1625?–1691), ejected minister; fellow of Caius College, Cambridge; ejected from his rectory of Houghton Conquest, 1662.

[223] Blackerby Fairfax (fl. 1728), physician ; son of Nathaniel Fairfax: M.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1693; M.D., 1728; M.D. Leyden, 1696; physician in the navy; wrote on the Union 1702; published Oratio Apologetica pro Re Herbaria contra Medicos Mathematicos 1718.

[224] Brian Fairfax, the elder (1633–1711), politician; son of Henry Fairfax (1588-1665); M.A. and LL.D., Trinity College, Cambridge; sent on a mission to General Monck, 1659; equerry to Charles II, 1670-85; equerry to William III, 1689-92. His works include poema life of Buckingham, and an edition of Fairfax's Short Memorials, 1699.

[225] Brian Fairfax , the younger (1876–1749), commissioner of customs, 1723-49; son of Brian Fairfax the elder; queen's scholar, Westminster, 1690; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1698; M.A., 1700.

[226] Sir Charles Fairfax (fl. leo) soldier; brother of Thomas, first baron Fairfax routed Velasco at siege of Sluys, 1604.

[227] Charles Fairfax (1597–1673), antiquary and genealogist; son of Thomas, first baron Fairfax; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1611; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1618; parliamentarian colonel of foot governor of Kingston-upon-Hull, 1660-1; pensioned: assisted Roger Dodsworth in collecting and preserving Dodsworth MSS; left in manuscript, Analecta Fairfaxiana.

[228] Charles Fairfax (d. 1723), dean of Down and Connor, 1722-3; son of Brian Fairfax the elder ; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford.

[229] Edward Fairfax (d. 1635), translator of Tasso's Gerusalemme Liberata; imagined two of his daughters bewitched, 1621; author of Godfrey of Bulloigne (1600), a translation of Tasso, which solaced Charles I in prison.

[230] Ferdinando Fairfax , second Baron Fairfax of Cameron in the peerage of Scotland (1584-1648), son of Thomas, first baron; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1622, 1624, 1625, 1626, and 1627: M.P. for Yorkshire in the Long parliament, 1640; commanded parliamentarians in Yorkshire, 1642; defeated on Adwalton Moor, 1643; governor of Hull, 1643-4; commanded infantry at Marston Moor, 1644; governor of York from 1644 to 1645: resigned, 1645.

[231] Ferdinando Fairfax (fl. 1697), son of Brian Fairfax the elder; educated at Westminster; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1697.

[232] Sir Guy Fairfax (rf. 1495), judge ; member of Gray's Inn, 1463; king's serjeant, 1468; recorder of York, 1476; judge of king's bench, 1477; chief-justice of Lancaster under Edward V.

[233] Henry Fairfax (1588–1665), friend of George Herbert; son of Thomas, first baron Fairfax; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1608; took part in the unsuccessful movement to obtain a university for the north, c. 1640; rector of Bolton Percy, 1646-60.

[234] Henry Fairfax (1634–1702), dean of Norwich; son of Charles Fairfax (1597-1673); D.D. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1680; senior fellow, 1687; signed petition to James II against decree naming Anthony Farmer president, 9 April 1687; expelled from Magdalen, October 1687; restored, 1688; dean of Norwich, 1689-1702.

[235] John Fairfax (1623–1700), ejected minister ; B.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; fellow, 1645-50; rector of Barking-cum-Needham, 1650-62; ejected, 1662; in charge of nonconformist congregation at Ipswich, 1680-6, of presbyterians alone, 1687-1700; published sermons.

[236] John Fairfax (1804–1877), journalist and member of legislative council. New South Wales; emigrated, 1838, being unable to pay costs of suit arising out of his Leamington journal; boughtSydney Morning Herald 1841; sole proprietor ofSydney Herald 1853; member of legislative council, 1874-7.

[237] Nathaniel Fairfax (163T-1690), divine and physician; M.A. Corpus Ohristi College, Cambridge, 1661; ejected from perpetual curacy of Willisham, 1662; MJ). Leyden, 1670: published A Treatise of the Bulk and Selvedge of the World 1674. xyiii. 137J

[238] Robert Fairfax or Fayrfax (d. 1529), musician; organist at St. Albans: Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1604, Oxford, 1511: gentleman of the King's Chapel iu 1509; poor knight of Windsor, 1614; wroU out musicbooks, a prycke-songe book and a balet boke; comlosed masses and part-songs; his That was my woo is nowe my moat gluduesse possibly addressed to Henry VII in 1486.

[239] Robert Fairfax (1666–1725), rear-admiral: grandson of Sir William Fairfax q. v.; present at the battle in Bantrv Bay and relief of Londonderry, 1689: court-martialled for failing to overtake a French squadron off Gape Palos, but acquitted, 1704; took part in reduction of Gibraltar, of Barcelona, 1705, and in battle of Malaga, 1704: retired in mortification at the cancelling of his appointment as vice-adminil of the blue, 1708; rearadmiral, 1708; M.P. for York city, 1713-14; lord mayor of York, 1715.

[240] Thomas Fairfax, first Baron Fairfax of Cameron in the Scottish peerage (1660-1640); employed by Elizabeth on diplomatic communications with James VI; knighted before Rouen, 1591: served in the Low Countries; created Baron Fairfax of Cameron, 1627; country gentleman at Denton, Yorkshire, writing, but not publishing, The Order for the Government of the House at Denton, Conjectures about Horsemanship and tractates on similar subjects.

[241] Thomas Fairfax, third Baron Cameron (1612–1671), general; son of Ferdinando, second baron Fairfax; matriculated at St. John's College, Cambridge, 1626; engaged at siege of Bois-le-Duc, 1629; commanded during flrst Scottish war; knighted, 1640; became a general for the parliament, 1642; recaptured Leeds for the parliament, 1643: captured Wakefield, 1643; defeated at Adwalton Moor, 1643; commanded detachment at Marston Moor, 1644; commander-in-chief of the parliamentary army, 1645; remodelled the army, in accordance with a parliamentary ordinance, 1645; defeated Charles I at Naseby, 1645, where he captured a standard with his own hand: stormed Bristol, 1645; reduced Oxford, 1646; thanked by parliament, 1646; directed to appease the army's resentment at its contemplated reduction, 1647; Charles I seized against his will, 1647; sided with the peace party, 1647; suppressed the levellers; urged parliament to provide for the soldierspay; reduced Colchester, 1648; transmitted to the Commons the army's demand for Charles I's punishment, 1648; one of the king's judges, 1649, endeavouring to prevent his execution; state councillor, 1649: M.P., Cirencester, 1649; commander-in-chief, 1649: D.C.L. Oxford, 1649; resigned from unwillingness to invade Scotland, 1650; M.P. for Yorkshire in Richard Cromwell's parliament; M.P., Yorkshire, 1660; headed commission sent to Charles II at the Hague, 1660; bequeathed twenty-eight manuscripts to the Bodleian; author of poems, translations, and two autobiographical works. Milton wrote a sonnet, calling on him to undertake the settlement of the kingdom, 1648.

[242] Thomas Fairfax (1656–1716), Jesuit; studied at St. Omer; priest, 1683; D.D. Treves; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1688; removed from his fellowship at the revolution. 1688; professed of the four vows, 1693; procurator of the English province, 1701 and 1704; published works, including The Secret Policy of the Jesuits (2nd edit.), 1702.

[243] Thomas Fairfax, sixth Baron Fairfax of Cameron (1692-1782); held commission in the blues; intimate with Bolingbroke, Addison, and Steele; retired to his maternal estates of the Northern Neck in Virginia, 1747; trained and encouraged the young George Washington; died broken-hearted soon after the surrender of Cornwallis, 1781.

[244] Sir William Fairfax (1609–1644), soldier; knighted, 1630; commanded regiment under Essex, 1642; commanded detachments at Nantwich and Marston Moor, 1644; mortally wounded before Montgomery Castle.

[245] Sir William George Fairfax (1739–1813), vice-admiral; navy lieutenant, 1757; took part in the St. Lawrence operations, 1769; prisoner, 1778-82; fought at Oauaperdown, 1797; knight- banneret; vice-admiral, 1806.

[246] Charles Fairfield (1761?-1804), painter; copied paintings of Dutch and Flemish masters; his original pictures undeservedly neglected.

[247] Charles Fairholm (1566–1617). See Charles Ferm.

[248] Frederick William Fairholt (1814-18B6), engraver and antiquarian writer; of German origin; Isis melallist of Society of Arts; illustrated Charles Knight's publications, Halliwell'sSir John Maundeville 1839, and other works; F.S.A., 1844; author of antiquarian researches, including Costume in England 1846; bequeathed prints to the British Museum, and Shakespearean collections to Stratford-on-Avon.

[249] Thomas Fairland (1804-1852), lithographer and portrait-painter: student at Royal Academy; Raphael's Virgin and Child his most famous contribution to the new art of lithography.

[250] Thomas Kerr Fairless (1825–1853), landscape painter; exhibited at the Royal Academy and other institutions, 1848-51.

[251] Robert Francis Fairlie (1831–1886), civil engineer; superintendent and general manager of Londonderry and Coleraine railway, 1853; obtained post on Bombay and Baroda railway; patented double-bogie engine 1864; invited to design and construct railways in Venezuela, 1873; compelled by jungle fever to return to England, 1874.

[252] William Faithorne, the elder (1616–1691), engraver and portrait-painter; banished for refusing to take the oath to Oliver Cromwell; allowed to return to England, 1650; print-seller in London; executed crayon portraits; engraved frontispieces and prints, also two maps, one of London and Westminster, the other of Virginia and Maryland.

[253] William Faithorne , the younger (1656–1701?), mezzotint engraver; son of William Faithorne the elder; engraved portraits of Queen Anne, Charles I, II, and John Dryden.

[254] Falconberg or Falconbridge, the Bastard (d. 1226). See Falkes de Breauté.

[255] Falconberg or Falconbridge, Bastard of (d. 1471). See Thomas Fauconberg.

[256] Alexander Falconbridge (d. 1792), surgeon ; surgeon, from poverty, on slave-ships: accepted commission from St. George's Bay Company to found settlement for the homeless colonists formerly sent by government to the river Sierra Leone, 1791; founded Granville Town, 1791; superseded in presidency of Sierra Leone Company's council; dismissed, 1792.

[257] Anna Maria Falconbridge (fl. 1794), wife of Alexander Falconbridge; published autobiographical Narrative defending the slave trade and ridiculing her dead husband, 1794.

[258] Alexander Falconer , Baron Falconer of Halkertoun (d. 1671), judge ; ordinary lord of session, 1639 and 1641; represented Kincardineshire in the convention, 1643-4, and in parliament, 1644-5 and 1645-7; commissioner of exchequer, 1645; created Baron Falconer, 1647; removed from College of Justice, 1649, for having subscribed the engagement; reappoiuted, 1660; commissioner of excise, 1661.

[259] Sir David Falconer, of Newton (1640–1686), lord president of session; advocate, 1661; knighted; lord of justiciary, 1678; president of session, 1682; M.P., Forfarshire, 1685: lord of the articles; collected decisions of court of session (November 1681-January 1686).

[260] Edmund Falconer (1814–1879), actor and dramatist; really Edmund O'Rourke; wrote The Cagot, or Heart for Heart, a drama, acted at Lyceum, 1856; manager of Lyceum, 1858-9 and 1861-2: his Irish drama, Peep o Day played in London from November 1861 till December 1862; joint-lessee of Drury Lane, 1862-6; attempted to popularise Shakespearean drama; opened Her Majesty's Theatre, Haymarket, withOonagh, 1 1866; appeared at New York, 1867.

[261] Forbes Falconer (1805–1853), Persian scholar ; educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and at Paris; professor of oriental languages in University College, London; edited poems by Jami; published selections from the Bustan, 1839.

[262] Hugh Falconer (1808–1865), palaontologist and botanist; M.A. Aberdeen, 1826; M.D. Edinburgh, 1H29: assistant-surgeon on the East India Company's Bengal establishment, 1830; superintendent of the Saharanpur botanic garden, 1832; discovered fossil mammals and ivpti:c in Sivalik hilN, 1832; superintended imimifurttirv ot first Indian tea, 1834; discovered assafoetida ot r.numerce in valley of Astore; appointed to superintend Arrangement of Indian fossils in the British Museum, 1844; commenced Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis 1846: professor of botany, Calcutta Medical College, 1848-65; proved that the cave fauna of England contained elephas antiquus and rhinoceros hemitcechus, 1860; vice-president of the Koyal Society.

[263] John Falconer (fl. 1547), merchant. 'Maister Falkonner's Boke is the earliest English record of an herbarium of dried plants.

[264] John Falconer or Falkner (1577–1656), Jesuit; studied at St. Mary's Hall and Gloucester Hall, Oxford; joined expedition of Essex to Spain; professed of the four vows, 1619; confessor at Liege and Ghent; helped to defend Wardour Castle, where he was chaplain, 1643; translated hagiological and devotional works.

[265] Randle Wilbraham Falconer (1816–1881), medical writer; son of Thomas Falconer (1772-1839); graduated in medicine at Edinburgh, 1839; mayor of Bath, 1857; physician to Bath General Water Hospital; wrote on therapeutics.

[266] Thomas Falconer (1738–1792), classical scholar; matriculated at Brasenpse College, Oxford, 1754; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1760; his Observations on Pliny's account of the Temple of Diana at Ephesus published, 1794, and Chronological Tables published, 1796; left materials for edition of Strabo.

[267] Thomas Falconer (1772–1839), classical scholar; son of William Falconer (1744-1824); scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1788; M.A. and fellow, 1795: Bampton lecturer, 1810; M.D.Oxford, 1822; published, among other works, edition of Strabo, 1807, based on materials left by Thomas Falconer (1738-1792): edited Hanno's * Voyage with translation, 1797.

[268] Thomas Falconer (1805–1882), county court judge; son of Thomas Falconer (1772-1839): barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1830; arbitrator on behalf of Canada for determining boundaries between Canada and New Brunswick, 1850 T colonial secretary, Westeni Australia, 1851; resigned, 1851; judge of Rhayader district and Glamorganshire and Breconshire county courts, 1851-81; published works mainly legal.

[269] William Falconer (1732–1769), poet; servant of Archibald Campbell (d. 1767) q. v., who encouraged his literary tastes; second mate on a ship in the Levant trade, which was wrecked between Alexandria and Venice; drew on his own experience for hU chief poem,The Shipwreck 1762; patronised by the Duke of York; became purser on various ships; published The Universal Marine Dictionary 1769; lost in the Aurora.

[270] William Falconer (1744–1824), miscellaneous writer; M.D. Edinburgh, 1766; studied at Leyden, becoming (1767) M.D.: extra-licentiate O.P., 1767; physician to Chester Infirmary, 1767-70; F.R.S., 1773; physician to Bath General Hospital, 1784-1819; intimate with Dr. Parr; published essays on the Bath waters, and miscellaneous tracts.

[271] William Falconer (1801–1885), translator of 'Strabo; son of Thomas Falconer (1772-1839); B.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1823; M.A., 1827; Petrean fellow of Exeter College, 1827; university mathematical examiner, 1832-3 and 1836-8; rector of Bushey, 18391885: brought out his father's manuscript translation of Strabo's Geography in Bohn's Classical Library 1854-6-7.

[272] Peter Falconet (1741–1791), portrait-painter; born in Paris; exhibited occasion ally at the Royal Academy; executed blacklead portraits of eminent artiste.

[273] John Faldo (1633–1690), nonconformist minister; pastor at Plasterers' Hall, Aldermanbury, 1684-90. His Quakerism no Christianity, 1673, led to an animated controversy with William Penn.

[274] Thomas Fale (fl. 1604), mathematician; M.A. Corpus Cliristi College, Cambridge, 15K6; B.D., 1597; licensed physician, 1604. His Horologiographia (1593) contains what is probably the earliest trigonometrical table printed in England.

[275] Edward Falkener (1814-1896), architect: articled to John Newman (1786-1859); studied at Royal Academy; studied architectural remains in Europe, Asia, and Egypt: practised in London; honorary F.R.I.B.A., 1895; published works relating to classical architecture.

[276] Viscounts Falkland . See GARY, 8m HBNRY, first VISCOUNT, d. 1633; and GARY, Lucius, second VISCOUNT, 1610 ?-1643.

[277] Elizabeth Falkland , Viscountess (1585–1639). See Elizabeth Cary.

[278] Sir Everard Falkner (1684–1758). See Fawkener.

[279] John Falkner (1577–1656). See John Falconer.

[280] Thomas Falkner (1707–1784), Jesuit missionary, surgeon on board a slave ship; nursed through an illness by Buenos Ayres Jesuits, 1731; Jesuit missionary in Paraguay and Tucu man: expelled from South America as a Jesuit, 1768; joined English province, c. 1771; wrote on medicine and natural history of South America.

[281] William Falkner (d. 1682), divine ; M.A. Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1656; rector of Glemsford, 1679-82; D.D. Cambridge, 1680: wrote in defence of the church of England.

[282] Philip Falle (1656–1742), historian of Jersey; native of Jersey; entered at Exeter College, Oxford, 1C69; M.A. Alban Hall, 1676; incumbent of Trinity parish, Jersey, 1681-7; incumbent of St. Saviour's, Jersey, 1689-1709; deputed by States of Jersey to request William Ill's protection, 1693; king's chaplain, 1694; prebendary of Durham, 1700; his chief work, an Account of Jersey 1694 (expanded 1734).

[283] Fearon Fallows (1789–1831), astronomer; of humble origin; third wrangler, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1813; mathematical lecturer at Corpus Christi College and fellow of St. John's, Cambridge; M.A., 1816; director of astronomical observatory planned for Cape of Good Hope by commissioners of longitude, 1820; F.R.S., 1823; catalogued chief southern stars, 1824; completed observatory, 1829; died at Simon's Bay.

[284] Falmouth, first Earl of (1787–1841). See Edward Boscawen.

[285] '^ Falmouth,' first Viscount (d. 1734). See Hugh Boscawen.

[286] Samuel Fancourt (1678–1768), dissenting minister and projector of circulating libraries; minister and tutor in Salisbury, 1718-30; established subscription library in London, 1730 (dissolved, 1745); established The Gentlemen and Ladies Growing and Circulating Library 1746: failed of success; published Essay concerning Liberty, Grace, and Prescience 1729, and similar works.

[287] Sir Edmund Douglas Veitch Fane (1837-1900), diplomatist; educated at Merton College, Oxford; altered diplomatic service, 1858; minister at Belgrade, 1893-1900; K.O.M.G., 1899.

[288] Francis Fane , first Baron Burgersh and first Earl of Westmorland (1583–1628), son of Sir Thomas Fane; K.B., 1603; created earl, 1624.

[289] Sir Francis Fane (d. 1689?), dramatist: grandson of Francis Fane, first earl of Westmorland; K.B., 1660; bequeathed money for Olveston poor; wrote Love in the Dark (comedy), 1675, The Sacrifice (tragedy"), 1686, and a masque.

[290] Francis William Henry Fane , twelfth Earl of Westmorland (1825-1891), educated at Westminster: and Sandhurst; ensign, 1843; lieutenant, 1844; captain, 1848: served in India and Crimea; O.B., 1885; succeeded to earldom, 1859; retired as colonel, 1860.

[291] Sir Henry Fane (1778–1840), general; cornet, 1792; captain, 1793; M.P., Lyme Regis, 1796-1818; colonel and aide-de-camp to the king, 1805; turned Laborde's right at Rolica, 1808; major-general, 1810; defeated Villatte, 1813; fought at Vittoria, 1813, and Orthes, 1814; colonel, 1814; lieutenant-general, 1819; O.O.B., 1825; M.P., Sandwich, 1829; commander-in-chief in India, 1835; secured unhindered passage of English troops through Siud into Afghanistan, 1839; died off St. Michael's Island in the Azores.

[292] John Fane, seventh Earl of Westmorland(1682 ?-1762), distinguished himself under the Duke of Marlborough; lieutenant-colonel, 1710; created Baron Oatherlough, 1733; M.P., Hythe, 1708-10, Buckingham, 1726-7 and 1727; knight of the shire for Kent, 1715; Earl of Westmorland, 1736; lord-lieutenant of Northamptonshire, 1737; lieutenant-general of the forces of the kingdom, 1739; chancellor of Oxford University, 1758.

[293] John Fane, ninth Earl of Westmorland (1728–1774), educated at Westminster; M.P., Lyme Regis, 1761 and 1762.

[294] John Fane, tenth Earl of Westmorland (1759–1841), son of John Fane, ninth earl; educated at Charterhouse and Emmanuel College, Cambridge; M.A., 1778; privy councillor, 1789; lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1790-5; opposed catholic emancipation; recalled by Pitt, 1795; lord privy seal, 1798-1827; K.G., 1793; lord-lieutenant of Northamptonshire.

[295] John Fane, eleventh Earl of Westmorland (1784-1869), son of John Fane, tenth earl; educated ! at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1808;; M.P., Lyme Regis, 1806-16; assistant adjutant-general in: Sicily, 1806-7: served in Peninsula, 1808-10; minister plenipotentiary to Florence, 1814; LL.D. Cambridge, 1814; signed convention of Caza Lanza, 1815; privy councillor, 1822; D.C.L. Oxford, 1834; resident minister at Berlin, 1841-51; G.C.B., 1846; general, 1854; founded Royal Academy of Music, 1823; musical composer, and author of military memoirs.

[296] Julian Henry Charles Fane (1827–1870)' diplomatist and poet; son of John Fane, eleventh earl of Westmorland; educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge; chancellor's medallist, 1850; M.A., 1851; secretary of legation at St. Petersburg, 1856-8; first secretary and acting charge d'affaires at Paris, 1865-7 and 1868 issued Poems 1852, and a translation of Heine, 1854.

[297] Mildmay Fane , second Earl of Westmorland.

[298] Francesco Fanelli (fl. 1610–1665), statuary; native of Florence; worked in metal in Knjiland; styled himself Scultore del Ue della Gran Bretagna; published engravings, 1642.

[299] Ydmund Fanning (1737–1818), colonial governor ; born in Long Island; graduate of Yale, 1757; colonel of militia, North Carolina, 1763; member of the legislature; compelled to leave North Carolina (1771) for his m;iU practices when recorder of deeds; surveyor-general, 1774; D.C.L. Oxford, 1774; lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, 1783-7, of the island of St. John, 1787-99, of Prince Edward island, 1799-1804; British general, 1808.

[300] Lady Anne Fanshawe (1626–1680), n& Harrison; wife of Sir Richard Fanshawe; lutenist, singer, and French scholar; shared in all her husband's wanderings and diplomatic missions; refused offer of pension from the Spanish government on condition of becoming a catholic, 1666; wrote memoir of Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1676 (first printed in 1829).

[301] Catherine Maria Fanshawe (1765–1834), poetess; exchanged verses with Cowper; commended by Scott; best-known poem, a riddle on the letter H; several of her pieces included in Joanna Baillie's Collection (1823).

[302] Sir Henry Fanshawe (1569?–1616), remembrancer of the exchequer; son of Thomas Fanshawe ; student of the Inner Temple, 1586; remembrancer, 1601; M.P., Westbury, 1588 and 1593, Boroughbridge, 1597; knighted, 1603; friend of Prince Henry: horticulturist and Italian scholar.

[303] Sir Richard Fanshawe (1608–1666), diplomatist and author; son of Sir Henry Fanshawe; fellow-commoner, Jesus College, Cambridge, 1623; entered the Inner Temple, 1626: given credentials for Spain by Charles I, 1647; ordered to Spain to procure money for the king's cause, 1650; created baronet, 1650; taken prisoner at battle of Worcester, 1651; master of requests and Latin secretary to Prince Charles at the Hague, 1660; M.P., Cambridge University, 1661; privy councillor of Ireland, 1662; ambassador to Portugal, 1662-3; privy councillor, 1663; ambassador to Spain, 1664-6; recalled (1666) for compromising the home government; died at Madrid; left unpublished poems. His published works include translations of Guarini's Pastor Fido 1647, and of Camoeus's Lusiad 1655.

[304] Thomas Fanshawe (1530?–1601), remembrancer of the exchequer; of Jesus College, Cambridge, and the Middle Temple; remembrancer, J568; M.P., Rye, 1671, and Arundel; M.P., Much Wenlock, 1597; wrote Practice of the Exchequer Court(published, 1658) andAn Answer... concerning the Lord Treasurer's Office

[305] Sir Thomas Fanshawe , first Viscount Fanshawe of Dromore, in the peerage of Ireland (d. 1665), eldest son of Francis Fane, first earl; (1596-1665), educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; M.P. Peter- remembrancer of the exchequer, 1616: son of Sir Henry borough, 1621; K.B., 1626; fined and sequestrated by parliament, 1642; his sequestration discharged, 1644; joint lord-lieutenant of Northamptonshire, 1660; privately printed Otia Sacra 1648, and left manuscript poems.

[306] Priscilla Anne Fane , Countess of Westmorland (1793–1879), artist; nte Wellesley-Pole ; married John Fane, afterwards eleventh Earl of Westmorland fa. v., 1811; exhibited at various institutions, 1833-41, 1842, and 1867.

[307] Ralph Fane or Vane (d. 1552), alleged conspirator; knighted before Boulogne, 1644: fought at Muaselburgh, 1547; knight-banneret, 1547; charged with conspiring to murder Northumberland, 1561; executed.

[308] Robert George Cecil Fane (1796–1864), bankruptcy commissioner; educated at Charterhouse; matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, 1813; demy and fellow, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1824-38; M.A., 1819; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1821; a commissioner of th Thirteenth List 1823; a commissioner of bankruptcy, 1831; wrote mainly on bankruptcy reform.

[309] Sir Thomas Fane (d. 1589), politician; attainted for share in Wyatt's rebellion, but pardoned, 1564; knighted, 1573; deputy-commissioner for breeding of in Kent, 1580. Fanshawe; K.B., 1626; M.P. for Hertford, 1624, 1625, and 1640; M.P., Lancaster, 1626 and 1628; fought for Charles I at Edgehill, 1642; sequestrated, 1642; created Viscount Fanshawe, 1661; M.P., Hertfordshire, 1661.

[310] Thomas Fanshawe , second Viscount Fanshawe, in the peerage of Ireland (1639-1674), sou of Sir Thomas Faushawe, first viscount; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge; K.B., 1661; remembrancer, 1665; M.P., Hertford, 1661-74.

[311] Michael Faraday (1791–1867), natural philosopher; apprenticed to Riebau, a London bookseller, 1804; engaged by Sir Humphry Davy as assistant, on showing interest in science, 1812: travelled as Davy's amanuensis in France, Switzerland, Italy, and the Tyrol, I 1813-16; treated as a menial by Lady Davy; published I in the Quarterly Journal of Science analysis of caustic ! lime from Tuscany, 1816: professed Sandemanianism, 1821; wrote History of the Progress of Electro- MagI nettem 1821; analysed hydrate of chlorine, thereby facilitating Davy's discovery of chlorine, 1823; liquefied chlorine and other gases; announced discovery of benzol, ; 1825; Bakerian lecturer, 1829; the chromatrope sug! gested by his paperOn a Peculiar Class of Optical Deceptions 1831; discovered magneto-electricity, 1831; regarded position of iron filings round a magnet as determined by lines of force; discovered extra currents by help of facts furnished by one William Jenkin, 1835; pensioned by Lord Melbourne, 1836; decided in favour of 'identity of electricities sought to invent neutral terminology for theory of voltaic pile: constructed a voltameter declared medium necessary for transmission of electric induction; scientific adviser to Trinity House, 1 83G; propounded rotation of plane of polarisation by nugiintn and electric currents 1845; established diamagnetic repulsion; originated theory of atom as centre of force; dial in a house given him by Queen Victoria at Hampton Court.

[312] John Farey (1766–1826), geologist; consulting surveyor and geologist in London, 1802, following William Smith's principles; published Survey of the County of Derby 1811-13, and scientific papers.

[313] John Farey (1791–1851), civil engineer; son of John Farey (1766-1826); gold medallist Society of Arts, 1813; constructed ironworks in Russia, 1819; introduced use of steam-engine indicators; M.I.O.E., 1826; published * A Treatise on the Steam Engine,* 1827.

[314] Frederick John Fargus (1847–1885), novelist; under pseudonym of Hugh Conway, auctioneer of Bristol from 1868; his first story published in Thirteen at Table 1881; published Called Back a highly successful sensational novel, 1883; contributed tales to various periodicals; producedDark Days 1884; valued and catalogued Strawberry Hill collection; died at Monte Carlo.

[315] Faricius (d. 1117), abbot of Abingdon; native of Arezzo; physician to Henry I; abbot of Abingdon, 1100; obtained grants for the abbey; his election to the archbishopric of Canterbury prevented by opposition of suffragan bishops, 1114; wrote a Life of St. Aldhelm.

[316] Anthony Farindon (1598–1658), royalist divine ; scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, 1612; fellow, 1617; M.A., 1620; B.D., 1629; vicar of Bray, 1634; divinity lecturer in the Chapel Royal at Windsor, 1639; ejected during the civil war; friend of John Hales; minister of St. Mary Magdalene, Milk Street, 1647-56; dispossessed, 1656; famous as a preacher; moderate latitudiuarian; a hundred and thirty of his sermons are extant.

[317] Hugh Faringdon alias Cook (d. 1539), abbot of Reading, 1520; sent Henry VIII books on matrimonial law to enable him to find justification for divorcing Catherine of Arragon; trier of petitions from Gascony, 1523; in parliament, 523-39; J.P. for Berkshire; executed for supposed complicity in northern rebellion.

[318] George Farington (1752–1788), artist; gold medallist of the Royal Academy. 1780; died at Moorshedabad, when making studies for a grand picture of the nabob's court.

[319] John Farington (1603–1646).

[320] Joseph Farington (1747–1821), landscape painter; R.A., 1785: best known by two collections of engraved views of the English lakes.

[321] William Farish (1759–1837), Jacksonian professor at Cambridge; senior wrangler, Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1778; fellow; MA., 1781; professor of chemistry, 1794; incumbent of St. Giles's, Cambridge, 1800; Jacksonian professor of natural and experimental philosophy, 1813-36; B.D., 1820.

[322] Charles Farley (1771–1859), actor and dramatist; instructor of Joseph Grimaldi; excelled in melodrama; superintended Covent Garden pantomimes, 1806-34, writing a few himself.

[323] James Lewis Farley (1823–1885), writer on eastern affairs; chief accountant of Ottoman bank at Beyrout; accountant-general of state bank of Turkey at Constantinople, 1860; traced extension of British trade throughout Turkish empire to the Greeks in Resource? of Turkey 1862; published Turks and Christians 176, some of its suggestions being subsequently forced upon the Porte: consul for the sultan at Bristol, 1870-84; fellow of Statistical Society; privy councillor in Bulgarian public works department.

[324] Anthony Farmer (fl. 1687), president-designate of Magdalen College, Oxford; matriculated at St. John's College, Cambridge, 1672; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1676; M.A., 1680; joined Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1683; asked to migrate to Magdalen College, 1685, being a disorderly and quarrelsome man; vainly nominated by James II to presidency of Magdalen, 1687; charges brought against him by the fellows substantiated, 1687.

[325] George Farmer (1732–1779), navy captain: lieutenant in West Indies and on home station: assisted in suppressing riot at Norwich, 1766; appointed commander (1768) on the representations of the Norwich magistrates; shipwrecked off Patagonia, 1770; promoted to post rank, 1771; perishwl in the burning of his ship during encounter with French, 1779.

[326] Hugh Farmer (1714–1787), independent minister and theological writer; afternoon preacher at Salters Hall, 1761-72, and one of the preachers at the merchantslecture 1762-80; trustee of Dr. Williams's foundations, 1762; published theological works.

[327] John Farmer (fl. 1591–1601), composer ; dedicated to his friend Edward de Vere, seventeenth earl of Oxford , a book containing examples in two-part counterpoint of different orders, 1591, and "The First Set of English Madrigals 1599; contributed a madrigal to The Triumphs of Oriana 1601.

[328] Richard Farmer (1735–1797), master of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; senior optime, Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1757; M.A. and tutor, 1760; F.S.A., 1763; publishedEssay on the Learning of Shakspeare 1767, maintaining that Shakespeare knew the classics through translations only: master of Emmanuel College, 1775; D.D. Cambridge, 1775; vice-chancellor of Cambridge, 1775-6 and 1787-8; broke open the building in which the university seal was kept in order to prepare the address voted to George III in support of his American policy, 1775; prebendary and chancellor of Lichfield, I 1780; prebendary of Canterbury, 1782, of St. Paul's, 1788; introduced statuary into St. Paul's,

[329] Thomas Farmer (fl. 1685). composer ; Mus. Bac. Cambridge, 1684; contributed to musical collections; published consorts 1686 and 1690.

[330] John Farmery (d. 1690), physician : M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1568; F.C.P., 1589; M.D. Leyden, 1589; assisted in drawing up formulae for Pharmacopoeia 1589.

[331] Giles Farnaby (fl. 1598), composer ; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1692; published canzonets, 1598.

[332] Thomas Farnaby (1575?–1647), schoolmaster and classical scholar; postmaster. Merton College, Oxford, 1590; studied at a Jesuit college in Spain; sailed in Drake and Hawkins's last voyage; opened school in Goldsmiths Alley, which his abilities made famous; corresponded with G. J. Vossius, 1630-42; commissioned by Charles I to prepare a new Latin grammar, 1641; detained at Ely House, Holborn, 1644-5; friend of Ben Jonson; edited most of the classical authors, co-operating with Meric Casaubon in an edition of Terence, issued in 1651; published among other works an Index rhetoricus 1626.

[333] Lady Farnborough (1762–1837). See Amelia Long.

[334] Baron Farnborough , of Bromley Hill Place (1761-1838). See Charles Long.

[335] Baron Farnborough , of Farnborough (1815-1886). See Thomas Erskine May.

[336] Ellis Farneworth (d. 1763), translator ; educated at Eton and Jesus College, Cambridge; M.A., 1738; vicar of Rostherne, 1758-62; rector of Carsington, 1762-3. His translations include Davila's Civil Wars of France 1758, and a widely circulated version of Machiavelli, 1762.

[337] Richard Farnham (d. 1642), fanatic ; a weaver by profession; together with John Bull (d. 1642) pave himself out to be a prophet, 1636; imprisoned by high commission court, 1636; vainly petitioned Laud for his release; gained some followers.

[338] Richard Farnworth (d. 1666), quaker; minister. 1651; imprisoned at Banbury for not uncovering to the nmyor, 1655; published theological works.

[339] Sir Arthur Farquhar (1772–1843), rear-admiral; entered navy when the French war broke out; commander, 1802; captured in charge of convoy, 1805; advanced to post rank, 1805: senior naval officer in the north German operations, 1813-14; O.B., 1816; helped to suppress West Indian negro revolt; knighted, 1833; rearadmiral, 1837.

[340] George Farquhar (1678–1707), dramatist; sizar of Trinity College, Dublin, 1694-5; patronised by Bishop Wiseman; gave up the stage in consequence of tvccidentally wounding a fellow-actor; advised by Wilkes to write a comedy; produced Love and a Bottle 1699, theConstant Couple 1700,Sir Harry Wildair 1701, The Inconstant 1702, The Twin Rivals 1702, The Stage Coach 1704 The Recruiting Officer 1706, and The Beaux Stratagem 1707; served in Holland, 1700; died of mortification at not receiving the captaincy Ormonde had promised him.

[341] John Farquhar (1751–1826), millionaire; dangerously wounded when cadet on Bombay establishment; improved government powder factory at Pultah, and was made superintendent, subsequently sole contractor; partner in Basset, Farquhar & Cos agency house, London.

[342] Sir Robert Townsend Farquhar (1776-1830), politician; son of Sir Walter Farquhar; lieutenant-governor of Penang; commissioner for transference of Moluccas to Batavian Republic, 1802; governor and commander-in-chief of Mauritius, suppressing slave trade there, 1812-23; created baronet, 1821; M.P., Newton, 1825, Hythe, 1826-30.

[343] Sir Walter Farquhar (1738–1819), physician : M.A. King's College, Aberdeen; studied medicine at Edinburgh and Glasgow; army surgeon in Howe's expedition, 1761; M.D. Aberdeen, 1796; L.R.C.P., 1796; created baronet, 1796; physician in ordinary to the Prince of Wales, 1796.

[344] James Farquharson (1781–1843), scientific writer; M.A. King's College, Aberdeen, 1798; minister of Alford, 1813; traced aurora borealis to development of electricity, 1830; F.R.S., 1830; LL.D. King's College, Aberdeen, 1837; published A New Illustration of the Latter Part of Daniel's Last Vision and Prophecy 1838, and.essays and scientific papers.

[345] John Farquharson (1699–1782), Jesuit ; studied at Scots College, Douay, 1729; missioner in Scotland; professed Jesuit, 1736; formed collection of Gaelic poetry, including work assigned to Ossian, which was deposited (1772) in the Scote College, Douay, and forgotten; it was not known to Macpherson.

[346] Samuel Farr (1741–1795), physician ; educated at Edinburgh; M.I). Leyden, 1766; translated Hippocrates's 4 History of Epidemics; and wrote on medical topics.

[347] William Farr (1807–1883), statistician; studied medicine at Paris, 1829-31; L.A.S., 1832; inaugurated a new science by his Vital Statistics in Macculloch's Account of the British Empire 1837; compiler of abstracts in registrar-general's office, 1838-79; honorary M.D. New York, 1847; F.R.S., 1855; honorary D.C.L. Oxford, 1857; commissioner for census of 1871; president of Statistical Society, 1871 and 1872; C.B., 1880; retired from public service, 1879. A selection of his works was edited by Noel Humphreys, 1885.

[348] Richard Farrant (fl. 1564–1580), composer: gentleman of the Chapel Royal before 1564; organist of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1564-9: presented two plays before the queen, 1568; possibly one of the first to set lessons for the viollyra-way composed various anthems and a High Service

[349] John Farrar (1802–1884), president of Wesleyan methodist conference; classical tutor at Wesleyan Theological Institution, Richmond, 1843-58; chaplain and governor of Woodhouse Grove school, 1868-68; fint governor of Headingley College, Leeds, 1868-76; president ot Wesluyan conference, 1854 and 1870; compiled dictionaries of the bible and ecclesiastical history.

[350] Arthur Farre (1811–1887), obstetric physician : son of John Richard Farre; educated at Charterhouse and Caius College, Cambridge; studied at St. Bartholomew's Hospital f M.D. Cambridge, 1841; professor of obstetric medicine at King's College and physicianaccoucheur to King's College Hospital, 1841-62: councillor, Royal College of Physicians; Harveian orator. 1872; examiner in midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons, 1852-75; physician extraordinary to Queen Victoria,

[351] Frederic John Farre (1804–1886), physician ; son of John Richard Farre; educated at the Charterhouse and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1830; M.D. Cambridge, 1837; physician to St. Bartholomew's, 1854-70, to Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, 1843-86; vice-president, College of Physicians, 1885; one of the editors of the first British Pharmacopoeia 1864.

[352] John Richard Farre (1775–1862), physician; born in Barbados; went to France on Lord Moira's expedition, 1793: practised as physician in Barbados; M.D. Aberdeen, 1806; L.R.C.P., 1806: co-founder of Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, and physician there; published pathological works, 1812-14.

[353] Elizabeth Farren, Countess of Derby (1759?-1829), actress; appeared at the Haymarket, 1777: the original Nancy Lovel in Colman's Suicide 1778; appeared at Drury Lane, 1778; married Edward Stanley, twelfth ear of Derby, and retired, 1797; commended by Hazlitt for her fine-lady airs and graces.

[354] Henry Farren (1826?–1860), actor ; son of William Farren: played Charles Surface at the Haymarket, c. 1847; manager of Brighton Theatre; manager of the theatre at St. Louis, U.S.A., where he died.

[355] William Farren (1786–1861), actor ; played Sir Peter Teazle at Covent Garden, 1818; occasionally took such parts as Meg Merrilies and Miss Harlow in the 'Old Maid sued by Covent Garden management for appearing at Drury Lane, 1828; manager of Strand and (1850-3) of Olympic theatres; excelled in rdle of old man.

[356] Sir Thomas Henry Farrer , first Baron Farrer (1819–1899), civil servant ; educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford. B.A.,1840; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1844; assistant-secretary of marine department of board of trade, 1850; assistant-secretary to the board, 1854, and permanent-secretary, 1865-86; created baronet, 1883: member of London County Council, 1889-98; for several years vice-chairman; raised to peerage, 1893; published writings on economic subjects.

[357] Robert Farrier (1796–1879), painter; exhibited miniature portraits, domestic subjects, and scenes from schoolboy life at the Royal Academy after 1818.

[358] Sir Anthony Farrington (1742–1823), baronet and general; lieutenant-fireworker, 1755: served at Gibraltar, 1759-63; captain, 1764; fought in early engagements of American war of independence; colonel, 1791; commanded artillery in North Holland, 1799; general, 1812; inspector-general of artillery, 1812; created baronet, 1818; honorary D.C.L. Oxford, 1820.

[359] Sir William Farrington (fl. 1412), soldier and diplomatist; knighted by the Duke of Lancaster, 1366: governor of Saintes; imprisoned in the Tower for negligently allowing a prisoner of war to escape, 1876; heavily fined for taking part in crusade led by the bishop of Norwich to support claim of Urban VI to papacy; with the Duke of Lancaster in Galicia; envoy to Portugal, 1390; commander of Bordeaux Castle, 1412.

[360] Joseph Farrow (1652?–1692), nonconformist divine; M.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge; friend of John Locke; private tutor; episcopally ordained chaplain in various country families.

[361] Sir John Fastolf (1378?–1459), warrior and landowner; undertook to serve Henry V in France, 1415; distinguished himself at Agincourt, 1416; governor of Conde-snr-Noirean, 1417; knighted before 1418; governor of the Bastille, 1420; king's lieutenant and recrent in Normandy, 1423; governor of Anjou uiul Maine, 1423-6; bunm.Tet: took prisoner John II, duke of Alenjon, at the battle of Vtrueml, 1424; K.G., 1426; defeated the French at the Battle of the Herrings near Orleans, 1429: groundlessly accused of cowardice for retreating at Patay, 1 l:; assisted in negotiating peace of Arras, 1434; privy councillor; retired to the Tower on the outbreak of Cade's insurrection, 1450; built castle at Gaister, his birthplace; friend of John Paston (1421-1466) q. v., author of the greater number of the Paston Letters; contributed towards building the philosophy schools at Cambridge; left will (widely suspected to be a forgery) by which John Paston became owner of Caister Castle. Funds which Fastolf bequeathed to establish a college at Caister were ultimately transferred to the foundation of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1474. The few coincidences between the careers of Fostolf ami Shakespeare's creation of Sir John Falstaff are accidental.

[362] Helena Saville Faucit , afterwards Lady Martin (1817–1898), actress; known as Helen Faucit; appeared first as Juliet at Richmond, 18?3; engaged, 1836, at Oovent Garden, at the Hay market, 1839-41, and in Dublin and Birmingham, 1842-3; played in company with Alacready, her parts including Constance King John), Queen Katherine Henry VIII), Desdemona, Cordelia, Miranda, Rosalind, Lady Macbeth, and Portia Julius Caesar; in Paris with Macready, 1842; played, with great success, Antigone, at Dublin, 1845; married Mr. (after wards Sir) Theodore Martin, 1851; played Imogen to (Sir) Henry Irving's Pisanio, Edinburgh, 1867, and Lady Macbeth to Phelps's Macbeth at Her Majesty's, 1858; terminated last engagement in London, 1866, and appeared for the last time on stage at Manchester, 1879; published a book On some of Shakespeare's Female Characters 1885.

[363] Earl Fauconberg (1627–1700). See Thomas Belasyse.

[364] Baron Fauconberg (d. 1463). See William Neville.

[365] Thomas Fauconberg , The Bastard of, sometimes called Thomas the Bastard (d. 1471), rebel; ordered to raise the county of Kent on behalf of Warwick and Henry VI, 1471; burnt part of London; his ships destroyed at Sandwich; beheaded.

[366] Eustace de Fauconbridge (d. 1228), bishop of London; royal justice, 1199 and after; treasurer, 1217; prebendary of St. Paul's; bishop of London, 1221-8; commissioned to demand Normandy from Louis VIII, 1223; ambassador to France, 1204, 1223, and 1225.

[367] Sir Arthur Brooke Faulkner (1779–1845), physician to the forces; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin; M.D. Edinburgh, 1803; incorporated M.A. of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 1805, and M.D. of Pembroke College, Oxford, 1806; F.R.C.P., 1808; physician to the forces; distinguished himself by investigating the plague and directing quarantine procedure at Malta, 1813; knighted, 1815; published account of Malta plague, 1820, narratives of continental travel, and piquant pamphlets on supposed abuses in church and state.

[368] Benjamin Rawlinson Faulkner (1787–1849), portrait-painter: originally Gibraltar agent for an English firm; exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1821.

[369] George Faulkner (1699?–1775), bookseller ; bookseller and printer in Dublin; started Dublin Journal 1728; reprimanded by Irish House of Lords for reflecting on the honour of their house 1733; committal to Newgate for publishing Hort's pamphlet containing a satiric reference to Serjeant Bettesworth, 1736; pirated Richardson's Pamela 1741; acknowledged by Lord Chesterfield, viceroy of Ireland, as his authoritative adviser; withdrew from publication of Richardson'sSir Charles Grandisonon finding out that other Dublin booksellers had obtained advance sheets, 1753; turned Roman catholic, 1758; satirised by Foote, 1762; alderman of Dublin, 1770; published Ancient Universal History 1774; friend of Swift; published Swift's works with notes, 1772.

[370] George Faulkner (1790?–1862), the supposed 1 originator of the foundation of Owens College, Manchester; friend and partner of John Owens in a Manchester firm; suggested that Owens, who thought of making him his heir, should leave money for the ioumJa tion of an undenominational university collage; first chairman of the trustees of Owens College, 1851-8,

[371] Joshua Wilson Faulkner (fl. 1809–1820), portrait-painter; brother of Benjamin Hawlinson Faulkner; exhibited miniatures at the Royal Academy.

[372] Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea; F.S.A. of Normandy; published history of Chelsea, 1810, Fulham, 1813, Kensington, 1820 Hammersmith, 1839, and Brentford, Chiswick, and Ealing, 1846.

[373] Robert Faulknor (1763–1796), navy captain ; fought at battle of Grenada, 1779; specially complimented by Admiral Jervis, and promoted to post rank for capturing Fort Royal alone, 1794; foremost at capture of St. Lucia, Guadeloupe, and Fort Fleur d'Epee, 1794; killed on board the Blanche while endeavouring to lash bowsprit of the French frigate, Pique, to his capstan.

[374] Arthur Faunt , in religion Laurence Arthur (1554-1591), Jesuit:.entered Merton College, Oxford, 1568; placed in the Jesuit college at Louvain, 1670; B.A. Louvain; M.A. Munich; befriended by Pope Gregory XIII; first rector of Jesuit college at Posen, 1581; professor of Greek, moral theology, and controversy at Posen; highly esteemed by the Polish estates; died at Wilna; published 1 theological and philosophical works, writing also on Polish secular and ecclesiastical dissensions.

[375] Nicholas Faunt (fl. 1572–1608), clerk of the signet; educated at Caius and Corpus Christi Colleges, Cambridge; brought news of St. Bartholomew massacre to England, 1572; secretary to Sir Francis Walsingham, c. 1580; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1585; clerk of the signet, 1603; friend of Anthony Bacon and Sir Francis Bacon; wroteA Discourse touching the Office of Principal Secretary of State 1592 (imprinted),

[376] Henry Fauntleroy (1785–1824), banker and forger; partner in his father's bank of Marsh, Sibbald & Co., London, 1807-1824; arrested (1824) for fraudulently selling stock (1820) and for forging the trusteessignatures to a power of attorney; claimed to have been impelled by the desire of keeping up the credit of his banking house; executed, though numerous petitions were signed on his behalf, 1824.

[377] Francis Fauquier (1704?–1768), lieutenant-governor of Virginia; F.R.S., 1753; lieutenant-governor of Virginia, 1758; dissolved Virginian House of Burgesses on passing of Patrick Henry's resolutions about taxation, 1765; published An Essay on Ways and Means of Raising Money for the present War without Increasing the Public Debts 1756; died at Williamsburg.

[378] Bryan Faussett (1720–1776), antiquary; M.A. University College, Oxford, 1745; endeavoured to organise Jacobite volunteer corps, 1746; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford; rector of Monk's Horton; F.S.A., 1762; excavated Anglo-Saxon barrows in Kent and formed collection largely consisting of Anglo-Saxon ornaments.

[379] Thomas Godfrey Faussett , afterwards T. G. Godfrey-Faussett (1829–1877), antiquary ; scholar and fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; F.S.A., 1859; barrister, 1862; honorary secretary, Kent Archaeological Society, 1863-73; auditor to Canterbury dean and chapter, 1866-77; contributed to archaeological journals.

[380] Simon of Faversham (fl. 1300). See Simon.

[381] John Favour (d. 1623), divine; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; fellow of New College, 1578; LL.D. Oxford, 1592; vicar of Halifax, 1594; warden of St. Mary Magdalen's Hospital at Ripon, Yorkshire, 1608 or 1616; prebendary and chantor of York, 1616; residentiary and chaplain to the archbishop; published a controversial Antiqvitie trivmphing over Noveltie 1619; lawyer and physician.

[382] Benjamin Fawcett (1715–1780), dissenting minister; minister of Paul's Meeting, Taunton, 1741-6, of Kidderminster, 1745; published Candid Reflections laying stress on the number of legitimate interpretations of Trinitarianism, 1777.

[383] Henry Fawcett (1833–1884), statesman; educated at Ring's College School, London, and Peterhouse, Cambridge; B.A. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1856; fellow of Trinity Hall, 1866; student at Lincoln's Inn, 1864; lost his eyesight by a shooting accident, 1858; published a Manual of Political Economy 1863; professor of political economy at Cambridge, 1863-84; issued pamphlets in favour of proportional representation, 1860; liberal.M.I for Brighton, after many defeats, 1865; largely contributed to passing of Reform Bill of 1867; re-elected for Brighton, 1868; M.P., Hackney, 1874; obtained appointment of committees upn Indian finance, 1871-3 and 1874; popularly known as themember for India; advocated decided action in the matter of the Bulgarian atrocities, 1876; co-operated with Lord Lawrence in trying to make the Afghan war unpopular; re-elected for Hackney, 1880; postmaster-general in Gladstone's second administration, 1880; established the parcels post, 1882; introduced stamp slip deposits scheme; doctor of political economy, WUrzburg, 1882; F.R.S., 1882; corresponding member of the Institute of France, 1884; honorary LL.D. Glasgow, and lord rector, 1883; a consistent follower of John Stuart Mill. Most of his Cambridge lectures on political economy subsequently appeared in book form.

[384] James Fawcett (1752–1831), Norrisian professor at Cambridge; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1777; Constable fellow, 1777; Lady Margaret's preacher, 1782; B.D., 1785; Norrisian professor of divinity, 1795-1816; vicar of St. Sepulchre's, Cambridge, and (1801-31) rector of Thursford and Great Snoring.

[385] John Fawcett (d. 1793), actor ; played at Drury Lane and Covent Garden, and in Dublin.

[386] John Fawoett (1740–1817), baptist theologian; baptist minister at Halifax; D.D.; best known by his 'Devotional Commentary on the Holy Scriptures 1811.

[387] John Fawcett (1768–1837), actor and dramatist; son of John Fawcett (d. 1793); entered St. Paul's School, 1776; acted in Tate Wilkinson's company at York, 1787; played Jemmy Jumps in O'Keeffe's Farmer having been advised to devote his attention to low comedy; engaged for Covent Garden, 1791; held to eclipse all his contemporaries except Cooke as Falstaff in. the Merry Wives of Windsor 1796; played Dr. Pangloss in Column's Heir-at-Law 1797; stage-manager of the Haymarket, 1799-1802; superseded in the management of Covent Garden, 1829; treasurer and trustee of the Covent Garden Theatrical Fund, 1808-37; composed some pantomimes and spectacular ballets.

[388] John Fawcett , the younger (1825?–1857), organist; son of John Fawcett the elder; organist of St. John's Church, Farnworth, 1826-42, of Earl Howe's Curzon Street church, and of Bolton parish church; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1862.

[389] John Fawcett , the elder (1789–1867), composer; organist, professor of music, and composer at Bolton: choirmaster of three chapels ac Kendal and others in the midlands; upheld Lancashire sol-fa system of notation: composed anthems and psalm and hymn tunes.

[390] Joseph Fawcett (d. 1804), dissenting minister and poet; morning preacher at Walthamstow, 1780-7; Sunday-evening lecturer at the Old Jewry; published sermons and poems, including War Elegies 1801.

[391] Joshua Fawcett (d. 1864), miscellaneous writer ; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1836; honorary canon of Ripon, and chaplain to the bishop, 1860; published 'A Harmony of the Gospels 1836, and miscellaneous works, largely on the archaeology of Yorkshire churches.

[392] Sib William Fawcett (1728–1804), general; ensign during the45; volunteer before Maestricht, 1748; ensign, 1751; adjutant; translated Marshal Saxe's Reveries or Memoirs of the Art of War 1757; aide-de-camp to General Eliott in Germany, 1757: announced victory of Warburg to George II in German, and was rewarded by a lieutenant-colonelcy, 1760; enlisted Hessians and Brunswickers to serve against America, c. 1775; governor of Gravesend; major-general, 1782; K.B., 1786; superseded as adjutant-general after the disastrous campaign in .c landers, 1784-6; general, 1796; privy councillor, 1789. xviii. 26ij

[393] Sir Everard Fawkener (1684–1758), merchant and official; London merchant, probably in the silk and cloth trade; intimate with Voltaire, who began to write Brutus at his house; knighted, 1735: ambassador to Constantinople, 1,735; censured for precipitancy, 1736; secretary to the Duke of Cumberland; witness against his acquaintance, Lord Lovat, who declined to examine him, 1747; joint postmaster-general, 1745-68.

[394] Francis Fawkes (1720–1777), poet and divine; scholar of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1742; M.A., 1748; given church preferment by Archbishop Herring; bewailed Herring's death inAurelius an elegy, 1767; curate of Downe, 1774-7; translated Theocritus, 1767 Auacreon, Sappho, Bion, Moschus, and Musaeus, 1760; modernised parts of Gawin Douglas, 1752 and 1754; composedThe Brown Jug a famous comic song; considered by his contemporaries the best translator since Pope.

[395] Guy Fawkes (1570–1606), conspirator; of protestant parentage; adopted Roman Catholicism; disposed of his estate; enlisted (1593) in the Spanish army in Flanders; present at capture of Calais, 1595; had no share in originating Gunpowder plot; accompanied Catesby to a secret meeting with Velasco, the constable of Castile, 1604; deputed to fire the powder under the Houses of Parliament, 1605; undertook to watch the cellar by himself, unaware that the plot had become known at court, 3 Nov. 1605; discovered, 4 Nov. 1606; revealed under torture the names of his fellow-conspirators, 9 Nov. 1605; exoneratedthe holy fathers from all share in the conspiracy; executed,

[396] Walter Ramsden Fawkes (1769–1825), miscellaneous writer; M.P., Yorkshire, 1802-7; abolitionist; high sheriff of Yorkshire, 1823; an early patron of Turner; agriculturist and cattle-breeder; chief work, The Chronology of the History of Modern Europe 1810.

[397] John Pascoe Fawkner (1792–1869), Australian settler; son of a convict; practised various trades in Tasmania; undertook the Launceston Advertiser,* clianging ite name to Tasmanian Advertiser 1829; did much to stimulate and direct his associates, the founders of Victoria; started Melbourne Advertiser 1838; commenced Port Phillip Patriot 1839; helped to bring about final separation of Victoria from New South Wales ;n 1850 by getting Melbourne to choose as its representative in the legislative council at Sydney first Lord Grey and then five of the leading English statesmen; member for Anglesea, Dalhousie, and Talbot in the new council of Victoria; helped to found Australian League, 1851.

[398] Nicholas Fazakerley (d. 1767), lawyer and politician; barrister, Middle Temple; an authority on conveyancing; occasionally retained in state trials; M.P., Preston, 1732-67; recorder of Preston, 1742-67; resolutely opposed the marriage clause in Lord Hardwicke's Regency Bill, 1751; Jacobite.

[399] George Fead (1729?-1815), lieutenant-general ; colonel-commandant, fourth battalion royal artillery; lieutenant-fireworker royal artillery, 1756; present at siege of Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1768; commanded artillery in Minorca, 1774-81, subsequently in Jamaica; lieutenant-governor of Port Royal and lieutenant-general, 1810.

[400] Christopher Feake (fl. 1645–1660), Fifth monarchy man; vicar of All Saints, Hertford, 1646; vicar of Christ Church, Newgate, 1649; vilified Cromwell, 1653; liberated from confinement, 1656; published millenarian writings and attacks on the quakers.

[401] Fearchair or Ferchardus I (622?–636?), fifty-second king of Scottish Dalriada according to Boece and Buchanan, ninth according to the rectified list of Father Innes.

[402] Fearchair Fada (The Long) or or Ferchardus II (d. 697), fifty-fourth king of Scottish Dalriada according to Boece and Buchanan, twelfth according to Father Inues; possibly led a revolt against the Britons and Angles.

[403] Feargal (d. 785). See Fergil.

[404] Henry Noel Fearn - (1811–1868). See Henry Christmas.

[405] John Fearn (1768?–1837), philosopher; served in the royal navy; professed to base on induction a philosophy which he unfolded in A Manual of the Physiology of Mind 1829, and other works.

[406] Charles Fearne (1742–1794), legal writer; educated at Westminster; resided for some time at the Inner Temple; discovered new process of dyeing morocco; compared by Lord Campbell to Pascal or Sir Isaac Newton for his Essay OB the Learning of Contingent Remainders and Executory Devises 1772.

[407] John Feary (fl. 1770–1788), landscape-painter; obtained premium from the Society of Arts for a drawing from Duke of Richmond's gallery, 1766: exhibited at the Free Society of Artists, 1770-1, at the Royal Academy, 1772-88.

[408] Isaac Earl Featherston (1813–1876), New Zealand statesman; M.D. Edinburgh, 1836; settled at Wellington, New Zealand, 1840; advocated cause of settlers under New Zealand Company, his action ultimately leading to New Zealand Constitution Act of 1853: -superintendent of the province of Wellington; supported 1 provincialism; denounced Maori war, 1860; agentgeneral for New Zealand, 1871-6.

[409] Daniel Featley or Faiclough (1582–1645), controversialist; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1594; B.A., 1601; probationer-fellow, 1602; M.A., 1605; domestic chaplain to Abbot, archbishop of Canterbury, till 1625; D.D., 1617; rector of Lambeth, 1619, of All Hallows, Bread Street, before 1625, of Acton, 1627; published, by direction of Archbishop Abbot, report of conference between Featley and some Jesuits, 1624; engaged, with James I, in a scholastick duel 1625; composed Ancilla Pietatis a devotional manual, much used by Charles 1, 1626; provost of Chelsea College, 1630; re(used to turn the communion table in his church at Lambeth altar-wise; one of the sub-committee to settle religion 1641; narrowly escaped being murdered, 16421643, as an adherent of the church of England; reported jome proceedings against him before the exchequer court (1643) in Spongia 1644; member of the Westminster assembly, 1643; best-known work, KaTaa7rrirTai u The Dippers dipt 1645.

[410] John Featley or Fairclough (1605?–1666), divine; nephew of Daniel Featley; chorister of All Souls.College, Oxford; B.A., 1624;first preacher of the Gospelin St. Christopher's, 1626; chaplain to Charles I, 1639-43; chaplain extraordinary to the king, precentor of Lincoln, and prebendary, 1660: D.D. Oxford, by royal mandamus, 1661.

[411] Richard Featley (1621–1682). See Fairclough.

[412] Saint Fechin (d. 664), bom in Connaught : bade Themaria, queen of Diarmait, king of Meath,flnd the way of her salvation in dressing the sores of a leper; founded the abbeys of Cong and Eas-dara with ten other religious houses.

[413] Charles Albert Fechter (1824–1879), actor and dramatist; of German origin; made, as pensionnaire, his debut at the Comedie Franchise in 1844; performed at Berlin, 1846; first appeared in London with a French company in version of Sophocles's Antigone * at St. James's Theatre, 1847; played Armand Duval in La Dame aux Camelias with brilliant success at the Vaudeville, Paris, 1852; abandoned the French for the English stage in 1860, and thenceforth acted in English; gave famous representation of Hamlet at the Princess's Theatre, 1861; failed as Othello, 1861; lessee of the Lyceum, 1863-7, acting in English translations or adaptations, sometimes his own, from the French melodrama; manager of the Globe Theatre, New York, 1870-1; excelled in the role of lover; died near Philadelphia.

[414] John de Feckenham (1618?-1585), last abbot of Westminster: of humble origin; admitted into Evesham monastery; B.D. Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1539; rector of Solihull; chaplain to bishops Bell and (1543-9) Bonner; private chaplain and confessor to Queen Mary, 1553; prebendary, and subsequently dean, of St. Paul's, 1654; saved twenty-eight at one time from the stake in Mary's reign; D.D. Oxford, 1556: mitred abbot of the refounded abbey of St. Peter's, Westminster, 1656: revived privileges of sanctuary, 1657; lost the favour of Elizabeth by stoutly maintaining hi- religious faith, removed from the abbey, 1669; sent to the Tower fur railing against the changes that had been made: committed to the charge of Richard Cox, bishop of Kly. 1577; known to have writtenCommentaries on the Psalms, and some theological treatises.

[415] Edward Feild (1801–1876), bishop of Newfoundland; educated at Rugby and Queen's Collegre, Oxford; M.A., 1826; Michel fellow, 1825-33: curate of Kidllngton, 1827-34; incumbent of English Bicknor, 1834-44; built schools in both these parishes; inspector of schools, 1840; D.D., 1844; bishop of Newfoundland, 1844; procured building of a cathedral at St. John's; worked energetically for his diocese; refused diocese of Montreal, 1868; died in Bermuda.

[416] John Feild, Feilde or Field, (1525?–1587), puritan divine; educated at Oxford University; imprisoned, as a heretic, in Newgate, with Thomas Wileox for presenting to parliament An Admonition and a petition for relief, 1572-3; preacher and catechist of St. Mary Aldermary, 1573-7; inhibited by Aylmer, 1577; suspended, 1684; published A Caveat for Parsons Hovvlet 1581, A Godly Exhortation 1583, and translations from several foreign divines.

[417] Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh (d. 1674), eldest sou of William Feilding, first earl; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; K.B., 1626; summoned to Lords as Baron Feilding of Newnham Paddox, 1628; volunteer at the siege of Bois-le-Duc, 1629; ambassador extraordinary to Venetian republic, 1634-9; , fought for parliament at Edgehill, 1642; commauder-inchief of parliamentarian forces in Warwick, Worcester, I Stafford, Shropshire, Coventry, and Lichfield, 1643; defeated royalists near Dudley, 1644; suspected of halfheartedness, and superseded, 1644; a commissioner for the treaty of Uxbridge, 1645; refused to have any share in the trial of Charles I, 1648; state councillor, 1649-51; gradually went over to the royalists; created Baron St. Liz, 1664.

[418] Robert Feilding , called Beau Feilding (1651?1712), related to the Denbigh family; given a regiment by James II, whom he followed to Ireland; sat in Irish parliament for Gowran, 1689: married, on 9 Nov. 1705, Mary Wadsworth, whom a matchmaker had enabled to personate Mrs. Deleau, a rich widow; on 25 Nov. 1706 he also married the Duchess of Cleveland; convicted of bigamy, 1706; ridiculed by Swift.

[419] William Feilding, first Earl of Denbigh (d. 1643), educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge: knighted, 1603; married Buckingham's sister, and became (1622) master of th great wardrobe; created Baron Feilding, 1620, and Earl of Denbigh, 1622; followed Buck i iugham and Prince Charles to Spain, 1623; commanded ! fleet despatched to relieve Rocbelle, 1628; member of council of Wales, 1633; made voyage to India, 1631; volunteer under Prince Rupert; mortally wounded in Rupert's attack on Nottingham.

[420] Gregor von Feinaigle (1765?–1819), mnemonist; born at Baden; lectured on local and symbolical memory at Paris, 1806; ridiculed on the stage by Dieula foy in Les filles de memoire; lectured in England and Scotland, 1811; published The New Art of Memory ; 1812, a system founded on the topical memory of Cicero and Quiutilian. A mnemonic school was placed under his personal superintendence at Dublin.

[421] Saint Felix (d. 647?), bishop of Dunwich; a native of Burgundy; consecrated bishop of East-Anglia by Honorius; founded school, perhaps at Cambridge, and, according to the Liber Eliensis, monastery at Soham, near Ely; his day, 8 March.

[422] John Felix (fl. 1498), Benedictine monk of Westminster; wrote life of John Estney, abbot of Westminster from 1474 to 1498.

[423] N. Felix (pseudonym). See Nicholas Wanostrocht, 1804-1876.

[424] Charles Fell (1687–1763), Roman catholic divine; of French extraction; his real name Umfreville; studied at Paris and Douay: priest, 1713; D.D., 1716: missioner in England; irregularly elected member of chapter, 1732; deposed by a court of appeal; financially ruined by his Lives of Salute 1729.

[425] Henry Fell (fl. 1672), quaker; missionary in the West Indies; travelling preacher in England; nearly killed (1660) in the Fifth-monarchy rising; his project of preaching in Prester John's country and China thwarted by the action of the East India Company, 1661; died probably in Barbados; published quaker pamphlets.

[426] John Fell (1625–1686), dean of Christ Church and bishop of Oxford; son of Samuel Fell; student of Christ Church, 1636; M.A., 1643; ejected from studentship, 1648; dean of Christ Church, 1660; D.D. Oxford, and chaplain to the king, 1660; built the tower over the principal gateway of Christ Church, to which he transferred the re-cast bell,Great Tom; procured every year the publication of some classical author, giving each member of his college a copy; vice-chancellor of Oxford, 1666-9; friend of Humphrey Prideaux; projected printing of a Malay gospel; bishop of Oxford, 1675; reluctantly expelled John Locke from Christ Church, 1684; summoned the undergraduates to take up arms against Monmouth, 1685; theme of Tom Brown's epigram I do not like yon, Dr. Fell. His chief publication was a critical edition of St. Cyprian, 1682.

[427] John Fell (1735–1797), congregational minister and classical tutor; minister of congregational church at Thaxted, Essex, 1770-87; classical tutor at Homerton, 1787-97; compelled to resign by insubordination of students, 1797: controverted views of Hugh Farmer and Joshua Toulmin, D.D.

[428] Leonard Fell (d. 1700), quaker: repeatedly imprisoned for interrupting services between 1654 and 1657; imprisoned for refusing to pay tithes, 1666; worked in North Wales and Cumberland; so impressed a highwayman on one occasion by his Christian charity that his stolen property was returned.

[429] Margaret Fell (1614–1702), quakeress; nee Askew; married, c. 1632, Thomas Fell; converted by George Fox when her guest, 1652; entreated Oliver Cromwell to protect the quakers, 1655-7; called Charles II's attention to his declaration at Breda; prevailed on Charles II to release more than four thousand Friends from prison, 1661; exempted by Charles II from liability to sentence of prsemunire, 1664; sentenced by a Lancashire magistrate to the penalties of praemunire, 1664; released from prison, 1668; married, as second husband, George Fox, 1669; petitioned Charles II for the release of her husband, but refused a pardon, considering him innocent, 1673; published religious works.

[430] Samuel Fell (1684–1649), dean of Christ Church : educated at Westminster; M.A. Christ Chnrch, Oxford, 1608; D.D., 1619; chaplain to James I; canon of Christ; Church, 1619-37; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1626-37; dean of Lichfleld, 1638; dean of Christ Church, 1638; wrote to Laud about the excessive number of alehouses in Oxford, 1637; vice-chancellor, 1645-7; deprived, 1647; died of grief at Charles I's execution,

[431] Thomas Fell (1598–1658), vice-chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster; barrister, Gray'a Inn, 1631: J.P. for I Lancashire, 1641; M.P., Lancaster, 1645; vice-chancellor; of the duchy and attorney for the county palatine, 1649; bencher of Gray's Inn, 1651; judge of assize for Chester and North Wales circuit, 1651; lent his house, Swarthmore Hall, for quaker meetings; withdrew from public life, disapproving of the Protector's assumption of authority.

[432] William Fell (1758?–1848), author; school-master at Manchester, Wilmslow, and Lancaster; published, among other works, A System of Political Economy 1808.

[433] James Fellowes (fl. 17 10-1730), portrait-painter; known for portraits of eminent clergymen of hia time; represented Dr. White Kennett as Judas Iscariot.

[434] Sir James Fellowes (1771–1867), physician; brother of Sir Thomas Fellowes; educated at Eton and Peterhouse, and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge; Perse fellow; M.D., 1803; F.R.C.P., 18d5; physiclan to the forces; sent to investigate and treat pestilential fever in San Domingo, 1804: knighted, 1809; chief of the medical staff at Cadiz till 1815; described in 1815 the Andalusian pestilence.

[435] Robert Fellowes (1771–1847), philanthropist; M.A. St. Mary Hall, Oxford, 1801; editor ofCritical Review 1804-11; friend of Dr. Parr and Queen Caroline; LL.D.; benefactor of Edinburgh University; a promoter of London University; instituted Fellowes medals in University College, London; advocated Jewish emancipation; liberal thinker in religion: published, among other works, Morality united with Policy 1800, and The Religion of the Universe 1836.

[436] Sir Thomas Fellowes (1778–1853), rearadmiral; brother of Sir James Fellowes; master's mate in royal navy, 1797; lieutenant, 1807; heroically spiked battery at Guadeloupe, 1809; commanded gunboats at Cadiz, 1810-11; decorated by Greece and Russia for his services at the battle of Navarino, 1827; knighted, 1828; D.C.L. Oxford, 1830; rear-admiral, 1847.

[437] Sir Charles Fellows (1799–1860), traveller and archaeologist; member of the British Association, 1820; discovered ruins of Xanthus and of Tlos. 1838; published Journal 1839; discovered thirteen ancient cities in Lycia, after 1839: obtained firman from Constantinople permitting him to explore, 1841; published An Account of Discoveries in Lycia 1841; published, to refute misstatement, The Xauthian Marbles, their Acqnisition and Transmission to England 1843; knighted, 1845; Lycian numismatologist.

[438] Owen Felltham (1602?–1668), author of 'Resolves; published, c. 1620, Resolves a series of moral essays, when eighteen years of age; secretary or chaplain to the Earl of Thomond; contributed to Jonsonus Virbius 1638; called the dead Charles I Christ the Second; pubTishiii Brief Character of the Low Countries 1652.

[439] Henry Felton (1679–1740), divine; educated at Westminster, Charterhouse, and St. Edmund Hall, Oxford: M.A., 1702; in charge of the English church at Amsterdam, 1708-9; domestic chaplain to three dukes of Rutland; presented to rectory of Whitwell, 1711; D.D., 1712; controverted Locke's theory of personality and identity, 1725: his Lady Moyer lectures (1728-9) published asThe Christian Faith asserted against Deists, tc. 1732.

[440] John Felton (fl. 1430), divine; fellow of St. Mary Magdalen College, Oxford; professor of theology and vicarius Magdalensis Oxonii extra muros; presented books to Balliol College, 1420: left sermons and an Alphabetum theologicum ex opusculis Rob. Grost. collectum

[441] John Felton (d. 1570), Roman catholic layman ; affixed Pius V's excommunication of Elizabeth to the gates of the bishop of London's palace, 1570: arrested and hanged, 1670.

[442] John Felton (1595?–1628). assassin of the Duke of Buckingham; of a good Suffolk family; lieutenant at Cadiz, 1625; his application to Buckingham for a captain's commission scornfully refused, 1627; was incited by readingThe Golden Epistlesto plan Buckingham's assassination, 1628: stabbed Buckingham at Portsmouth, 1628; described as a national benefactor in popular ballads; hanged.

[443] Nicholas Felton (1656–1620), bishop of Ely; son of a sailor; fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1583; M.A., 1584; D.D., 1602; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1616; bishop of Bristol, 1617-19; master of Pembroke, 1617-19; bishop of Ely, 1619; favoured puritans; compiled statutes for Merchant Taylors in reference to annual probation days; helped to translate Epistles for Authorised Version.

[444] Sir Thomas Felton (d. 1381), seneschal of Aquitaine; took part in battle of Crecy, 1346, and capture of Calais, 1347; fought at Poitiers, 1356; signatory to treaty of Bretigny, 1360; seneschal of Aquitaine; despatched to conduct Don Pedro of Castile to his intending ally, the Black Prince; taken prisoner by Henry of Trastamare's forces, 1367; joint-governor of Aquitaine, 1372; seneschal of Bordeaux; caused Guillsume de Pommiers and bis secretary to be beheaded for treason, 1377; K.G., 1381.

[445] Thomas Felton (1567? –1588), Franciscan friar; son of John Felton (d. 1570); received the first tonsure at Rheims, 1583; returned to England, being unable to endure Minims austerities; hanged for refusing the oath of supremacy.

[446] Sir William Felton (d. 1367), seneschal of Poitou; took part in battle of Halidon Hill, 1333; fought at Crecy, 1346: lord justice of all the king's lands in Scotland, 1348; fought at battle of Poitiera, 1356; seneschal of Poitou, 1360; accompanied Black Prince on Spanish campaign, 1367; called by Ghandos herald Felleton Guilliam qui ot coeur de lyoii; killed in skirmish at Inglesmundi in Alava.

[447] William Felton (1713–1769), composer; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1745; chaplain to the Princess Dowager of Wales; composed three sets of six concertos, modelled on Handel's; composed the glee, Fill, fill, fill the glass.

[448] Lady Eleanor Fenn (1743–1813), author; wife of Sir John Fenn; wrote, under the names of Mrs. Lovechild and Mrs. Teachwell, educational works for the young.

[449] Humphrey Fenn (d. 1634), puritan divine; B.A. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1573; M.A. Peterhouse, 1576; vicar of Holy Trinity, Coventry, 1578-84: suspended (1584) for refusing to subscribe Whitgift's three articles; restored, 1585; again suspended, 1590; cited before the Star-chamber, 1591; remanded, 1591; released, 1592; protested against episcopacy in his will.

[450] James Fenn (d. 1584), Roman catholic priest; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1554; fellow, 1558; B.A., 1559, but put aside for refusing the oath of supremacy; ordained priest at Chalons-sur-Marne, 1580; missioner in Somerset; executed as a priest.

[451] John Fenn (d. 1615), Roman catholic divine; brother of James Fenn; chorister of Wells; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; perpetual fellow, 1552; schoolmaster at Bury St. Edmunds; confessor to English Augustinian nuns at Louvain, where he died; martyrologist, hagiologist, and writer or translator of Italian devotional works.

[452] Sir John Fenn (1739–1794), antiquary; M.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1764; J.P. for Norfolk; M.S.A.; edited manuscript of Paston letters, which he acquired from Thomas Worth, a chemist at Diss; knighted, 1787; sheriff of Norfolk, 1791.

[453] Joseph Finch Fenn (1820–1884), honorary canon of Gloucester; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1846; fellow, 1844-7; B.D., 1877; perpetual curate of Christ Church, Cheltenham, 1860; chaplain to the bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, 1877; honorary canon, 1879; promoted free library movement in Cheltenham.

[454] James Fennell (1766–1816), actor and dramatist; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; entered Lincoln's Inn; engaged at Theatre lloyal, Edinburgh, 1787; appeared at Covent Garden as Othello, 1787; objected to a proposal that he should play Pierre instead of Jaffier in Venice Preserved at Edinburgh; after some legal difficulties occasioned by the subsequent riot consented to a compromise, 1788; reappeared at Covent Garden as Othello; brought out at Richmond his Linda and Clara a comedy, 1791; acted in New York, Boston, and elsewhere, 1797-1806; kept an academy at Charlestown, Massachusetts; established saltworks near New London, Connecticut, 1814.

[455] John Greville Fennell (1807–1885), artist, naturalist, and angler; drew pictures of the tournament at Eglinton Castle for the Illustrated London News; member of * Field staff from 1853; intimate with Dickens, Thackeray, and other literary men; published The Rail and the Rod and The Book of the Roach 1870.

[456] Dudley Fenner (1658?–1587), puritan divine; fellow-commoner of Peterhouse, Cambridge. 1576: expelled for puritanical tendencies; followed Thomas Oart wright to Antwerp; induced by the tolerant spirit of Archbishop Grindal to return to England: curate at Cranbrook, 1583; suspended for refusing to subscribe Whitgift's three articles, 1584; published works including Sacra Theologia 1586, and, posthumously,The Whole ne of the Sacramentes 1588, as well as verserendering The Song of Bongs 1587 and 1694; died in charge of the reformed church at Middleburg.

[457] Edward Fenner (d. 1612), judge; barrister, Middle Temple; reader, 1676; Serjeant, 1577; J.P. for Surrey; justice of king's bench, 1590.

[458] George Fenner (d. 1600?), naval commander; engaged in trading to Gold Coast, 1566, and Low Countries, 1570; as freebooter came frequently into conflict with Spanish and French ships; accompanied Essex on IslandsVoyage, 1597; brought news of supposed approach of Armada to Plymouth, 1697, which occasioned naval mobilisation, 1597.

[459] Thomas Fenner (d. 1590?), naval commander ; flag-captain under Drake on Indies voyage, 1686; probably rear-admiral in Drake's Cadiz expedition, 1587; vice-admiral against Armada, 1588, and in expedition to Corufia, 1589.

[460] William Fenner (1600–1640), puritan divine; M.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1619; forced to leave cure of Sedgley on account of his puritanical principles, c. 1627; B.D., 1627; incumbent of Rochford, 1 629-40; wrote theological treatises.

[461] Elizabeth Fenning (1792–1815), criminal; hanged for mixing arsenic in the food of her employer, Orlibar Turner; strongly asseverated her innocence; verdict against her twice reconsidered by home office: hanged, 26 June 1815.

[462] Fenton, first Viscount (1566–1639). See Thomas Erskine.

[463] Edward Fenton (d. 1603), captain and navigator; commanded under Sir Henry Sidney in Ireland, 1566; published Certaine Secrete Wonders of Nature 1569, recently discovered to be a translation of Boaistuau's compilation of Greek and Roman anecdotes; sailed in Frobisher's second voyage to discover north-west passage to Cathay and Meta Incognita, 1577; built a house for the members of Frobisher's third expedition upon the Countess of Warwick's (Kod-lu-aru) Island, 1578; sent on a trading expedition to Moluccas and China by way of Cape of Good Hope, nominally to discover the north-west passage, 1582; thought of making himself king of St. Helena; served against Spanish Armada, 1588.

[464] Edward Dyne Fenton (d. 1880), author; lieutenant, 1849; captain, 1858; served at Gibraltar, 1860-70; published sketches, including Sorties from Gib. in quest of Sensation and Sentiment 1872.

[465] Elijah Fenton (1683–1730), poet; B.A. Jesus College, Cambridge, 1704; secretary to Earl of Orrery in Flanders; head-master of Sevenoaks grammar school; published poems (1707) which attracted attention of Duke of Marlborough; instructed Craggs, secretary of state, in literature, 1720; translated the first, fourth, nineteenth, and twentieth books of the Odyssey for Pope, completely catching Pope's manner; edited Milton and (1729) Waller. His poems include a successful tragedy, Mariamiie 1723.

[466] Sir Geoffrey Fenton (1539?–1608), translator and statesman; dedicated to Lady Mary Sydney, from Paris, a collection of novels by Bandello translated from French versions of Boaistuau and Belleforest, 1567; published Mouophylo, a Philosophical Discourse and Division of Love 1572; translated from the French Guicciardini's Wars of Italy 1579; served on an Irish campaign, 1580; principal secretary of state in Ireland from 1580: thrown into the debtorsprison at Dublin by Lord deputy Perrot, against whom he had laid accusations, 15S: knighted, 1589; joint-secretary for Ireland with Sir Richard Coke; advocated assassination of Earl of Desmond as means of ending Munster rebellion.

[467] Lavinia Fenton, afterwards Duchess of Bolton (1708-1760), actress; learned new songs when a girl from a comedian belonging to the old house; appeared at the Haymarket as Monimia in Otway's Orphans 1726; appeared at Lincoln's Inn Fields as Polly Peacham in Gay's Beggar's Opera 1728, after which she became the rage; played Ophelia inHamlet 1728; mistress, and (1761) wife, of Charles Paulet, third duke of Bolton

[468] Richard Fenton (1746–1821), topographer and loet: educated at St. David's cathedral school; barrister. Middle Temple; left manuscript translation of the Deipnosophists; His works include Poems 1773, A Catholicism, and subsequently to protestantism; poor j student at Oxford, where he taught Hebrew; matriculated I at Cambridge, 1596; professor at Leyden, where he died; I translated into Latin from the Hebrew a work on the Mo-aic law, 1597.

[469] George Ferebe, Feribye, or Ferrabee (fl. 1613), composer; chorister of Magdalen College; Historical Tour through Pembrokeshire 1811, and I Oxford: M.A., 1595; vicar of Bishop's Cannings; enterMemoirs of an Old Wig 1815. tained Anne, the queen consort, with a four-part song set I to wind-instrument music, 1613, and was made chaplain ! to the king.

[470] Roger Fenton (1565–1615), divine; fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; vicar of Chigwell, 1606; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1609; preacher to the readers at Gray's Inn; D.D.; published A Treatise of Usurie 1611; took part in translation of bible; his theological writings published posthumously.

[471] Lord Fentonbarns (d. 1616). See John Preston.

[472] Francis Fenwick (1645–1694), Benedictine monk; doctor of the Sorbonne; D.D.; agent of James II at the papal court: abbot-president of St. Gregory's College at Rome; died in Rome.

[473] George Fenwick (1603?–1657), parliamentarian ; barrister at Gray's Inn, 1631; ancient, 1650: agent for the patentees of Connecticut, and governor of Saybrook fort, 1639-44; sold Saybrook to Connecticut under pledges which he broke, 1644; M.P. for Morpeth, 1645; commanded regiment of northern militia for parliament; governor of Berwick, 1648; commissioner for the trial of Charles I, but did not act, 1648; took part in Cromwell's invasion of Scotland; governor of Lei th and Edinburgh Castle, 1650: one of the commissioners for the government of Scotland, 1651; M.P. for Berwick, 1654 and 1656; excluded, 1656.

[474] Sir John Fenwick or Fenwicke (1579–1658?), politician: M.P. for Northumberland, 1623-44; fcaronet by purchase, 1628; commissioner for suppression of violence in border districts, 1635; deputy-lieutenant of Northumberland; muster-master-general of the king's army, 1640; excluded from the House of Commons, 1644; readmitted, 1646; high sheriff of Northumberland.

[475] John Fenwick vere Caldwell (1628–1679), Jesuit; of protestant parentage; Jesuit, 1656; procurator at St. Omer, 1662, and afterwards; professed father, 1675; procurator in London of St. Omer's College, 1675; executed on the information of Titus Oates, 1679.

[476] Sir John Fenwick (1645?–1697), conspirator; colonel of foot, 1675; general, 1688; M.P., Northumberland, 1677, and at intervals till 1685; brought up the bill of attainder against Monmouth, 1685; insulted Queen Mary, 1691; privy to plot for William III's assassination, 1695, and Barclay and Charnock's plot, 1696; named major-general of the troops to be raised for King James; attempted to bribe two men who were likely to be witnesses against him, and was indicted on the information of one of them, 1696; arrested, 1696; offered for a pardon to reveal all that he knew of the Jacobite conspiracies, but did no more than cast aspersion on the whig leaders, 1696; examined before the king and the House of Commons; attainted, the law requiring the evidence of two witnesses in cases of treason being dispensed with; shrank from adopting Monmouth's advice to save himself by challenging inquiry into the truth of his allegations against the whig leaders; beheaded.

[477] George Fenwicke (1690–1760), divine; fellowof ' St. John's College, Cambridge, 1710; rector of Hallaton, 1722-60; B.D.; published devotional works,

[478] John Fenwicke (d. 1658), parliamentarian; master of Sherborne Hospital, 1644: lieutenant-colonel in parliamentarian army; defeated Irish rebels near Trim, 1647; mortally wounded in battle of the Dunes, 1658.

[479] Feologeld (d. 832), archbishop of Canterbury; abbot of a Kentish monastery, 803; archbishop of Canteroury, 832.

[480] Ferchard kings of Scotland. See Fearchair.

[481] Philip Ferdinand (1555?–1598), hebraist; born in Poland of Jewish parents; converted to Roman

[482] Francis Paul Ferg (1689-1740), painter; born in Vienna; gained reputation at Dresden for small landscapes, sea-pieces, and peasant scenes; employed in Chelsea china manufactory; died of want in London.

[483] Fergil or VniGILIUS, SAINT (d. 785), bishop of Salzburg; a descendant of Niall of the Nine Hostages; abbot of Aghaboe till 746; abbot of St. Peter's at Salzburg, c. 747; accused to Pope Zachary by St. Boniface of maintaining the existence of antipodes; his expulsion from the church directed by Zachary; bishop of Salzburg, 756; sent missionaries to" Carinthia (part of his diocese); Apostle of Carinthia; travelled through Carinthia and as far as Slavouia; concealed his episcopal orders; called 4 the Geometer; canonised, 1233.

[484] Fergus I (fl. 330 B.C. ?), son of Ferchard, the first king of Scotland, according to Boece and Buchanan's fictitious chronology; said to have come to Scotland from Ireland to assist the Scots against the joint-attack of the Picts and Britons, and to have been drowned on his return to Ireland, c. 330 B.C.

[485] Fergus II (d. 501), the first Dalriada king in Sootland; came from Ulster with his brothers, Lorn and Angus, and took possession of Cantyre and adjacent islands.

[486] John Fergushill (1592?–1644), Scottish divine ; educated at Edinburgh and Glasgow universities and in France: laureatus of Glasgow, 1612; suspended from cure of Ochilttee for declining jurisdiction of high commission court, 1620; reinstituted; transferred to Ayr, 1639.

[487] Adam Ferguson (1723–1816), professor of philosophy at Edinburgh: bursar of St. Andrews; M.A. St. Andrews, 1742; studied divinity at Edinburgh; present as chaplain of Black Watch at battle of Fontenoy, 1745: abandoned clerical profession, 1 754; librarian, Advocates Library, 1757; professor of natural philosophy, Edinburgh, 1769; professor ofpneumatics and moral philosophy Edinburgh, 1764-85; published anEssay on Civil Society 1766, which was unfavourably regarded by Hume; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1766; republished his lecture notes in Institutes of Moral Philosophy 1772; dismissed on account of absence, but reinstated (1776) after legal proceedings; visited Voltaire at Ferney; secretary to British commissioners at Philadelphia, 1778; regarded Macpherson's Ossian as genuine: published History of the Progress and Termination of the Roman Republic 1782; professor of mathematics, 1785: published Principles of Moral and Political Science 1792.

[488] Sir Adam Ferguson (1771–1855), keeper of the regalia in Scotland; sou of Adam Ferguson; companion of Sir Walter Scott at Edinburgh University, and afterwards: captain, 101st regiment, 1808; read the Lady of the Lake canto VI, to his company in the lines of Torres Vedras; keeper of the regalia of Scotland, 1818; knighted, 1822.

[489] David Ferguson (d. 1598), Scottish reformer; glover; sent to Dunfermline as minister; preached before the regent against appropriation of church property to governmental purposes, 1572; moderator of the general assembly, 1573 and 1578; formed one of a deputation which admonished James VI to beware of innovations in court 1583; compiled a collection of Scottish Proverbs (published 1641), and wrote a critical analysis of the Song of Solomon.

[490] James Ferguson (1621–1667), Scottish divine; graduate of Glasgow, 1638; minister of Kilwinning, 1643; appointed to the Glasgow professorship of divinity, 1661, but did not take it up; resolutioner; his Refutation of the Errors of Toleration etc., published, 1692.

[491] James Ferguson (d. 1705), major-general, colonel of the Cameronians: brother of Robert hYnriison tinPlotter; served in Holland as quartermaster in the Scots brigade, 1677: summoned to join royalist forces airain -t Monmouth, 1686; captain, l687: landed with Williamof Orange at Torbay, 1688; reduced the western MM; fought at Steinkirk, 1692; led the 1st Cameronians at Landen, 1693, and at siege of Namur, 1695; colonel, 1693; fought at Blenheim, 1704; major-general; his sudden death at Bois-le-Duc possibly due to poison.

[492] James Ferguson (1710–1776), astronomer; displayed original genius in mechanics when nine years old; constructed terrestrial globe from Gordon's Geographical Uniminar patronised by Sir James Dunbar and Lady Dipple, the latter of whom enabled him to become a portrait-painter; contrive astronomical rotula; constructed orrery, 1742; invented a tide-dial, an eclipsareon ( 1754, anda universal dialling cylinder 1767: published Astronomy explained on Sir Isaac Newton's Principles 1756: observed transit of Venus with six-foot reflector; F.R.S., 1763; presented to the Royal Society (1763) a 1685; accompanied expedition of William of orauge to Torbay, 1688; published pamphlet* in support of William III; housekeeper at the excise; became a Jacobite, his hopes of reward being unsatisfied; declared the revolut'on to have been a design of the Vatirtui in his History of the Revolution 1700; superseded at the excise. 1692; askedWhether the 1'arlianu-ut lw not in Law dissolved by the death of the Princess of Orange ? 1695; privy to Sir George Barclay's plot; gave information which led to frustration of the machinations of Simon Fraser, twelfth lord Lovat againat the Duke of Atholl, 1703: committed to Newgate for treason, 1704; admitted to bail and never tried.

[493] James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary; of French descent; born at Charleston; indexed Irish Exchequer Records; clerk and secretary to commission for arranging records of Irish courts, 1850-2; purchased at his own cost some Irish records in the possession of a Suabian baron, having travelled to Switzerland for the purpose; contributed to Topographer and Genealogistpapers illustrative of law and society in seventeenth-century Ireland; chief work,Remarks on the Limitations of Actions Bill intended for Ireland 1843.

[494] Sir Ronald Craufurd Ferguson (1773–1841 ), general; captain, 1793; lieutenant-colonel, 1794: coprojection of the partial solar eclipse of 1764; lectured on j operated from India in reduction of Cape of Good Hope, electricity; published The Young Gentleman's and 1795; colonel, 1800; quitted Pulteney on his refusing to Lady's Astronomy 1768; frequently discussed mechanics witli George III; unhappy in his domestic relations; published, though ignorant of geometry, The Art of Drawing in Perspective 1776.

[495] John Ferguson (1787–1856), founder of the Ferguson bequest; settled at Irvine, Ayrshire, after arranging an uncle's business concerns in America, 1810; gave 400,000*. for advancement of religious education in South of Scotland; founded six scholarships in connection with Scottish universities.

[496] Patrick Ferguson (1744–1780), inventor of the first breech-loading rifle used in the British army; commanded company in the 70th foot against the revolted negroes of Tobago; patented effectual plans of breechloading, 1776; wounded at the battle of Brandy wine, 1777; employed with artillery at siege of Charleston, 1779; major, 71st Highlanders, 1779; accompanied Lord Cornwallis in his march through the Carolinas; lieutenantcolonel; surprised and killed at King's Mountain, North Carolina.

[497] Richard Saul Ferguson (1837–1900), antiquary; educated at Shrewsbury, and St. John's College, Cambridge: M.A., 1863; LL.M., 1874; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1862; joined northern circuit; travelled in Egypt, Australia, and America, 1871-2; devoted himself to study of local antiquities at Carlisle; president of Cumberland and Westmorland Archaeological and Antiquarian Society, 1886; mayor of Carlisle. 1881 and 1882; chancellor of diocese of Carlisle, 1887; F.S.A., 1877; F.S.A. Scotland, 1880; published and edited antiquarian works relating to Cumberland and Westmorland.

[498] Robert Ferguson (1750–1774). See Fergusson.

[499] Robert Ferguson (1799–1865), physician ; born in India: studied at Heidelberg and Edinburgh; M.D. Edinburgh, 1823; physician to the Westminster Lying-in Hospital; founded London Medical Gazette 1827; professor of obstetrics, King's College, London, 1881; censor, C.P.; physician-accoucheur to Queen Victoria, 1840; published works on obstetrics.

[500] Robert Ferguson (d. 1714), surnamed the Plotter; possibly educated at Aberdeen; incumbent of Godmersham, e. 1660; expelled by the Act of Uniformity, 1662; wrote a Sober Enquiry into the Nature, Measure, and Principle of Moral Virtue 1673; maintained that the story of the Black Box and documents therein contained proving the marriage of Monmouth's mother to Charles II was invented by those who wished to discredit Monmouth's title to the crown, 1680; one of the chief contrivers of the Ry*e House plot, though probably disapproving of assassination, 1682; outlawed, 1683: author of Mon month's manifesto, and chaplain in the rebel army, attack Ferrol, 1800; served in Sir David Baird's expedi tion to recapture Cape of Good Hope, 1805; M.P., Kirk caldy burghs, 1806-30, Nottingham, 1830-41; majorgeneral, 1808; twice turned Laborde's right at Rolia, 1808; general, 1830; G.C.B., 1831.

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