The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[1]
Detailed morphological and molecular studies have shown that the group is not actually monophyletic,[2] with proposed floral homologies of the gnetophytes and the angiosperms having evolved in parallel.[3] This makes it easier to reconcile molecular clock data that suggests that the angiosperms diverged from the gymnosperms around 300 million years ago.[4]
Some more recent studies have used the word anthophyte to describe a group which includes the angiosperms and a variety of fossils (glossopterids, Pentoxylon, Bennettitales, and Caytonia), but not the Gnetales.[5]
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[6] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[7]
The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[8]
Listing
editThe flowering plant diversity checklists include historical taxa recorded from the region, and the recognised taxa with which they are considered synonymous. Endemic, indigenous, and invasive taxa are labelled.
Acorales
editList of Acorales of South Africa – Order: Acorales,
One family is represented:
- Family:Acoraceae,[8] (1 species)
- Acorus calamus L. not indigenous
Alismatales
editList of Alismatales of South Africa – Order: Alismatales.
11 families are represented:[8]
- Alismataceae,
- Aponogetonaceae,
- Araceae,
- Cymodoceaceae,
- Hydrocharitaceae,
- Juncaginaceae,
- Lemnaceae,
- Limnocharitaceae,
- Potamogetonaceae,
- Ruppiaceae,
- Zosteraceae
Apiales
editList of Apiales of South Africa – Order: Apiales,
Two families are represented:[8]
Aquifoliales
editList of Aquifoliales of South Africa – Order: Aquifoliales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Aquifoliaceae,[8]
- Ilex crocea Thunb. accepted as Elaeodendron croceum (Thunb.) DC.
- Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk. indigenous
- Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk. var. mitis, indigenous
Arecales
editList of Arecales of South Africa – Order: Arecales:
One family is represented:
- Family: Arecaceae,[8]
- Borassus aethiopum Mart. indigenous
- Hyphaene coriacea Gaertn. indigenous
- Hyphaene petersiana Klotzsch ex Mart. indigenous
- Jubaeopsis afra Becc. endemic
- Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R.Br. ex Mart. not indigenous, cultivated
- Phoenix canariensis Chabaud, not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
- Phoenix reclinata Jacq. indigenous
- Raphia australis Oberm. & Strey, indigenous
- Washingtonia filifera (L.Linden) H.Wendl. not indigenous, cultivated
- Washingtonia robusta H.Wendl. not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
Asparagales
editList of Asparagales of South Africa – Order: Asparagales,
14 families are represented:[8]
- Agapanthaceae
- Agavaceae
- Alliaceae
- Amaryllidaceae
- Asparagaceae
- Asphodelaceae
- Hemerocallidaceae
- Hyacinthaceae
- Hypoxidaceae
- Iridaceae
- Lanariaceae
- Orchidaceae
- Ruscaceae
- Tecophilaeaceae
Asterales
editList of Asterales of South Africa – Order: Asterales,
Five families are represented:
- Family: Asteraceae,[8]
- Family: Campanulaceae,[8]
- Family: Goodeniaceae,[8]
- Family: Lobeliaceae,[8]
- Family: Menyanthaceae,[8]
Boraginales
editList of Boraginales of South Africa – Order: Boraginales,
One family is represented:[8]
- Family: Boraginaceae
Brassicales
editList of Brassicales of South Africa – Order: Brassicales,
Six families are represented:
- Family: Brassicaceae,[8]
- Family: Capparaceae,[8]
- Family: Cleomaceae,[8]
- Family: Resedaceae,[8]
- Family: Salvadoraceae,[8]
- Family: Tropaeolaceae,[8]
Bruniales
editList of Bruniales of South Africa – Order: Bruniales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Bruniaceae,[8]
Buxales
editList of Buxales of South Africa – Order: Buxales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Buxaceae,[8]
- Buxus macowanii Oliv. endemic
- Buxus natalensis (Oliv.) Hutch. endemic
Canellales
editList of Canellales of South Africa – Order: Canellales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Canellaceae,[8]
- Warburgia salutaris (G.Bertol.) Chiov. indigenous
Caryophyllales
editList of Caryophyllales of South Africa – Order: Caryophyllales,
21 families are represented:
- Family: Aizoaceae,[8]
- Family: Amaranthaceae,[8]
- Family: Anacampserotaceae,[8]
- Family: Basellaceae,[8]
- Family: Cactaceae,[8]
- Family: Caryophyllaceae,[8]
- Family: Corbichoniaceae,[8]
- Family: Didiereaceae,[8]
- Family: Droseraceae,[8]
- Family: Frankeniaceae,[8]
- Family: Gisekiaceae,[8]
- Family: Kewaceae,[8]
- Family: Limeaceae,[8]
- Family: Lophiocarpaceae,[8]
- Family: Molluginaceae,[8]
- Family: Nyctaginaceae,[8]
- Family: Phytolaccaceae,[8]
- Family: Plumbaginaceae,[8]
- Family: Polygonaceae,[8]
- Family: Portulacaceae,[8]
- Family: Tamaricaceae,[8]
Celastrales
editList of Celastrales of South Africa – Order: Celastrales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Celastraceae,[8]
Ceratophyllales
editList of Ceratophyllales of South Africa – Order: Ceratophyllales,
One family is represented:
Family: Ceratophyllaceae,[8]
- Ceratophyllum demersum L. indigenous
- Ceratophyllum demersum L. var. demersum, indigenous
- Ceratophyllum demersum L. var. demersum forma demersum, accepted as Ceratophyllum demersum L. var. demersum, present
- Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. indigenous
- Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. subsp. muricatum, indigenous
- Ceratophyllum submersum L. indigenous
- Ceratophyllum submersum L. subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear var. echinatum, accepted as Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. subsp. muricatum, present
- Ceratophyllum submersum L. subsp. submersum var. submersum, indigenous
Commelinales
editList of Commelinales of South Africa – Order: Commelinales,
Three families are represented:
- Family: Commelinaceae,[8]
- Family: Haemodoraceae,[8]
- Family: Pontederiaceae,[8]
Cornales
editList of Cornales of South Africa – Order: Cornales,
Four families are represented:
- Family: Curtisiaceae,[8]
- Curtisia dentata (Burm.f.) C.A.Sm. indigenous
- Family: Grubbiaceae,[8]
- Grubbia rosmarinifolia P.J.Bergius, indigenous
- Grubbia rosmarinifolia P.J.Bergius subsp. gracilis (T.M.Salter) Carlquist, endemic
- Grubbia rosmarinifolia P.J.Bergius subsp. hirsuta (E.Mey. ex DC.) Carlquist, endemic
- Grubbia rosmarinifolia P.J.Bergius subsp. rosmarinifolia var. pinifolia, endemic
- Grubbia rosmarinifolia P.J.Bergius subsp. rosmarinifolia var. rosmarinifolia, endemic
- Grubbia rourkei Carlquist, endemic
- Grubbia tomentosa (Thunb.) Harms, endemic
- Grubbia rosmarinifolia P.J.Bergius, indigenous
- Family: Hydrostachyaceae,[8]
- Hydrostachys polymorpha Klotzsch ex A.Br. indigenous
- Family: Loasaceae,[8]
- Kissenia capensis Endl. indigenous
Crossosomatales
editList of Crossosomatales of South Africa – Order: Crossosomatales,
Two families are represented:
- Family: Aphloiaceae,[8]
- Aphloia theiformis (Vahl) Benn. indigenous
- Family: Geissolomataceae,[8]
- Geissoloma marginatum (L.) Juss. endemic
Cucurbitales
editList of Cucurbitales of South Africa – Order: Cucurbitales,
Two families are represented:
- Family: Begoniaceae,[8]
- Family: Cucurbitaceae,[8]
Dioscoreales
editList of Dioscoreales of South Africa – Order: Dioscoreales,
Three families are represented:
- Family: Burmanniaceae,[8]
- Family: Dioscoreaceae,[8]
- Family: Nartheciaceae,[8]
Dipsacales
editList of Dipsacales of South Africa – Order: Dipsacales,
Three families are represented:
- Family: Caprifoliaceae,[8]
- Family: Dipsacaceae,[8]
- Family: Valerianaceae,[8]
Ericales
editList of Ericales of South Africa – Order: Ericales,
11 families are represented:
- Family: Actinidiaceae,[8]
- Family: Balsaminaceae,[8]
- Family: Ebenaceae,[8]
- Family: Ericaceae,[8]
- Family: Lecythidaceae,[8]
- Family: Maesaceae,[8]
- Family: Myrsinaceae,[8]
- Family: Primulaceae,[8]
- Family: Roridulaceae,[8]
- Family: Sapotaceae,[8]
- Family: Theophrastaceae,[8]
Escallionales
editList of Escalloniales of South Africa – Order: Escalloniales,
One family is represented:
Family: Escalloniaceae,[8]
- Choristylis rhamnoides Harv., accepted as Itea rhamnoides (Harv.) Kubitzki, indigenous[9]
- Itea rhamnoides (Harv.) Kubitzki, indigenous
Fabales
editList of Fabales of South Africa – Order: Fabales,
Two families are represented:
- Family: Fabaceae,[8]
- Family: Polygalaceae,[8]
Fagales
editList of Fagales of South Africa – Order: Fagales,
Five families are represented:
- Family: Betulaceae,[8]
- Family: Casuarinaceae,[8]
- Family: Fagaceae,[8]
- Family: Juglandaceae,[8]
- Family: Myricaceae,[8]
Gentianales
editList of Gentianales of South Africa – Order: Gentianales,
Five families are represented:
- Family: Apocynaceae,[8]
- Family: Asclepiadaceae,[8]
- Family: Gentianaceae,[8]
- Family: Loganiaceae,[8]
- Family: Rubiaceae,[8]
Geraniales
editList of Geraniales of South Africa – Order: Geraniales,
Two families are represented:
- Family: Geraniaceae,[8]
- Family: Melianthaceae,[8]
Gunnerales
editList of Gunnerales of South Africa – Order: Gunnerales,
Two families are represented:
- Family: Gunneraceae,[8]
- Gunnera perpensa L. indigenous
- Family: Myrothamnaceae,[8]
- Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. indigenous
Huerteales
editList of Huerteales of South Africa – Order: Huerteales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Gerrardinaceae,[8]
- Genus Gerrardina
- Gerrardina foliosa Oliv. indigenous
- Genus Gerrardina
Icacinales
editList of Icacinales of South Africa – Order: Icacinales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Icacinaceae,[8]
- Genus Apodytes
- Apodytes abbottii Potgieter & A.E.van Wyk, endemic
- Apodytes dimidiata E.Mey. ex Arn. indigenous
- Apodytes dimidiata E.Mey. ex Arn. subsp. Dimidiata, indigenous
- Apodytes geldenhuysii A.E.van Wyk & Potgieter, endemic
- Genus Cassinopsis
- Cassinopsis ilicifolia (Hochst.) Kuntze, indigenous
- Cassinopsis tinifolia Harv. indigenous
- Genus Pyrenacantha
- Pyrenacantha grandiflora Baill. indigenous
- Pyrenacantha kaurabassana Baill. indigenous
- Pyrenacantha scandens Planch. ex Harv. indigenous
- Genus Apodytes
Lamiales
editList of Lamiales of South Africa – Order: Lamiales,
15 families are represented:
- Family: Acanthaceae,[8]
- Family: Bignoniaceae,[8]
- Family: Gesneriaceae,[8]
- Family: Lamiaceae,[8]
- Family: Lentibulariaceae,[8]
- Family: Linderniaceae,[8]
- Family: Martyniaceae,[8]
- Family: Oleaceae,[8]
- Family: Orobanchaceae,[8]
- Family: Paulowniaceae,[8]
- Family: Pedaliaceae,[8]
- Family: Plantaginaceae,[8]
- Family: Scrophulariaceae,[8]
- Family: Stilbaceae,[8]
- Family: Verbenaceae,[8]
Laurales
editList of Laurales of South Africa – Order: Laurales,
Two families are represented:
- Family: Lauraceae,[8]
- Genus Cassytha
- Cassytha ciliolata Nees, indigenous
- Cassytha filiformis L. indigenous
- Cassytha pondoensis Engl. endemic
- Cassytha pondoensis Engl. var. pondoensis, not indigenous, naturalised
- Genus Cinnamomum
- Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl, indigenous
- Genus Cryptocarya
- Cryptocarya angustifolia E.Mey. ex Meisn. endemic
- Cryptocarya latifolia Sond. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Cryptocarya liebertiana Engl. endemic
- Cryptocarya myrtifolia Stapf, endemic
- Cryptocarya transvaalensis Burtt Davy, indigenous
- Cryptocarya woodii Engl. endemic
- Cryptocarya wyliei Stapf, indigenous
- Genus Dahlgrenodendron
- Dahlgrenodendron natalense (J.H.Ross) J.J.M.van der Merwe & A.E.van Wyk, indigenous
- Genus Gyrocarpus
- Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq. endemic
- Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq. subsp. africanus Kubitzki, endemic
- Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq. endemic
- Genus Litsea
- Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Litsea sebifera Pers. not indigenous, naturalised
- Genus Ocotea
- Ocotea bullata (Burch.) Baill. indigenous
- Ocotea kenyensis (Chiov.) Robyns & R.Wilczek, indigenous
- Genus Persea
- Persea americana Mill. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
- Genus Cassytha
- Family: Monimiaceae,[8]
- Genus Xymalos
- Xymalos monospora (Harv.) Baill. indigenous
- Genus Xymalos
Liliales
editList of Liliales of South Africa – Order: Liliales,
Five families are represented:
- Family: Alstroemeriaceae,[8]
- Family: Colchicaceae,[8]
- Family: Liliaceae,[8]
- Family: Melanthiaceae,[8]
- Family: Smilacaceae,[8]
Magnoliales
editList of Magnoliales of South Africa – Order: Magnoliales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Annonaceae,[8]
Malpighiales
editList of Malpighiales of South Africa – Order: Malpighiales,
20 families are represented:
- Family: Achariaceae,[8]
- Family: Chrysobalanaceae,[8]
- Family: Clusiaceae,[8]
- Family: Dichapetalaceae,[8]
- Family: Elatinaceae,[8]
- Family: Erythroxylaceae,[8]
- Family: Euphorbiaceae,[8]
- Family: Hypericaceae,[8]
- Family: Linaceae,[8]
- Family: Malpighiaceae,[8]
- Family: Ochnaceae,[8]
- Family: Passifloraceae,[8]
- Family: Phyllanthaceae,[8]
- Family: Picrodendraceae,[8]
- Family: Podostemaceae,[8]
- Family: Putranjivaceae,[8]
- Family: Rhizophoraceae,[8]
- Family: Salicaceae,[8]
- Family: Turneraceae,[8]
- Family: Violaceae,[8]
Malvales
editList of Malvales of South Africa – Order: Malvales,
Six families are represented:
- Family: Balanophoraceae,[8]
- Family: Cistaceae,[8]
- Family: Cytinaceae,[8]
- Family: Malvaceae,[8]
- Family: Neuradaceae,[8]
- Family: Thymelaeaceae,[8]
Myrtales
editList of Myrtales of South Africa – Order: Myrtales,
10 families are represented:
- Family: Combretaceae,[8]
- Family: Heteropyxidaceae,[8]
- Family: Lythraceae,[8]
- Family: Melastomataceae,[8]
- Family: Memecylaceae,[8]
- Family: Myrtaceae,[8]
- Family: Oliniaceae,[8]
- Family: Onagraceae,[8]
- Family: Penaeaceae,[8]
- Family: Rhynchocalycaceae,[8]
Nymphaeales
editList of Nymphaeales of South Africa – Order: Nymphaeales,
Two families are represented:
Family: Cabombaceae,[8]
- Genus Brasenia
- Brasenia schreberi J.F.Gmel. indigenous
Family: Nymphaeaceae,[8]
- Genus Nymphaea
- Nymphaea lotus L. indigenous
- Nymphaea mexicana Zucc. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. indigenous
- Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. var. caerulea (Savigny) Verdc. indigenous
- Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. var. zanzibariensis (Casp.) Verdc. indigenous
Oxalidales
editList of Oxalidales of South Africa – Order: Oxalidales,
Four families are represented:
- Family: Connaraceae,[8]
- Family: Cunoniaceae,[8]
- Family: Elaeocarpaceae,[8]
- Family: Oxalidaceae,[8]
Pandanales
editList of Pandanales of South Africa – Order: Pandanales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Velloziaceae,[8]
Piperales
editList of Piperales of South Africa – Order: Piperales,
Four families are represented:
Family: Aristolochiaceae,[8]
- Genus Aristolochia
- Aristolochia elegans Mast. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
Family: Hydnoraceae,[8]
- Genus Hydnora
- Hydnora abyssinica A.Br. indigenous
- Hydnora africana Thunb. indigenous
- Hydnora johannis Becc. var. johannis accepted as Hydnora abyssinica A.Br. present
- Hydnora triceps Drege & E.Mey. indigenous
- Hydnora visseri Bolin, E.Maass & Musselman, indigenous
Family: Piperaceae,[8]
- Genus Peperomia
- Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth, indigenous
- Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth var. leptostachya (Hook. & Arn.) Dull, accepted as Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth, present
- Peperomia retusa (L.f.) A.Dietr. indigenous
- Peperomia retusa (L.f.) A.Dietr. var. bachmannii (C.DC.) Dull, indigenous
- Peperomia retusa (L.f.) A.Dietr. var. retusa, indigenous
- Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Kunth, indigenous
- Peperomia tetraphylla (G.Forst.) Hook. & Arn. indigenous
- Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth, indigenous
- Genus Piper
- Piper capense L.f. var. capense, indigenous
Family: Saururaceae,[8]
- Genus Houttuynia
- Houttuynia cordata Thunb. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
Poales
editList of Poales of South Africa – Order: Poales,
10 families are represented:
- Family: Bromeliaceae,[8]
- Family: Cyperaceae,[8]
- Family: Eriocaulaceae,[8]
- Family: Flagellariaceae,[8]
- Family: Juncaceae,[8]
- Family: Poaceae,[8]
- Family: Restionaceae,[8]
- Family: Thurniaceae,[8]
- Family: Typhaceae,[8]
- Family: Xyridaceae,[8]
Proteales
editList of Proteales of South Africa – Order: Proteales,
Two families are represented:
- Family: Platanaceae,[8]
- Family: Proteaceae,[8]
Ranunculales
editList of Ranunculales of South Africa – Order: Ranunculales,
Five families are represented:
- Family: Berberidaceae,[8]
- Family: Fumariaceae,[8]
- Family: Menispermaceae,[8]
- Family: Papaveraceae,[8]
- Family: Ranunculaceae,[8]
Rosales
editList of Rosales of South Africa – Order: Rosales,
Six families are represented:
- Family: Cannabaceae,[8]
- Family: Moraceae,[8]
- Family: Rhamnaceae,[8]
- Family: Rosaceae,[8]
- Family: Ulmaceae,[8]
- Family: Urticaceae,[8]
Santalales
editList of Santalales of South Africa – Order: Santalales,
Three families are represented:
- Family: Loranthaceae,[8]
- Family: Olacaceae,[8]
- Family: Santalaceae,[8]
Sapindales
editList of Sapindales of South Africa – Order: Sapindales,
Eight families are represented:
- Family: Anacardiaceae,[8]
- Family: Burseraceae,[8]
- Family: Kirkiaceae,[8]
- Family: Meliaceae,[8]
- Family: Peganaceae,[8]
- Family: Rutaceae,[8]
- Family: Sapindaceae,[8]
- Family: Simaroubaceae,[8]
Saxifragales
editList of Saxifragales of South Africa – Order: Saxifragales,
Four families are represented:
- Family: Altingiaceae,[8]
- Family: Crassulaceae,[8]
- Family: Haloragaceae,[8]
- Family: Hamamelidaceae,[8]
Solanales
editList of Solanales of South Africa – Order: Solanales,
Four families are represented:
- Family: Convolvulaceae,[8]
- Family: Montiniaceae,[8]
- Family: Solanaceae,[8]
- Family: Sphenocleaceae,[8]
Vahliales
editList of Vahliales of South Africa – Order: Vahliales,
One family is represented:
Family: Vahliaceae,[8]
- Genus Vahlia
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. indigenous
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. capensis, indigenous
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. ellipticifolia Bridson, indigenous
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. vulgaris Bridson var. latifolia, endemic
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. vulgaris Bridson var. linearis, indigenous
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. vulgaris Bridson var. longifolia, indigenous
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. vulgaris Bridson var. vulgaris, indigenous
- Vahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. indigenous
Vitales
editList of Vitales of South Africa – Order: Vitales,
One family is represented:
Zingiberales
editList of Zingiberales of South Africa – Order: Zingiberales,
Five families are represented:
- Genus Canna
- Canna edulis Ker Gawl. accepted as Canna indica L. not indigenous, naturalised
- Canna flaccida Salisb. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Canna glauca L. not indigenous, naturalised
- Canna indica L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Canna x generalis L.H.Bailey, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
Family: Marantaceae,[8]
- Genus Maranta
- Maranta leuconeura E.Morren, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
- Genus Ensete
- Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman, indigenous
Family: Strelitziaceae,[8]
- Genus Strelitzia
- Strelitzia alba (L.f.) Skeels, endemic
- Strelitzia caudata R.A.Dyer, indigenous
- Strelitzia juncea (Ker Gawl.) Link, endemic
- Strelitzia nicolai Regel & Korn. indigenous
- Strelitzia parvifolia W.T.Aiton var. juncea Ker Gawl. accepted asStrelitzia juncea (Ker Gawl.) Link, indigenous
- Strelitzia reginae Banks, indigenous
- Strelitzia reginae Banks subsp. mzimvubuensis Van Jaarsv. indigenous
- Strelitzia reginae Banks subsp. reginae, indigenous
- Strelitzia reginae Banks var. juncea (Ker Gawl.) H.E.Moore Strelitzia juncea (Ker Gawl.) Link, indigenous
Family: Zingiberaceae,[8]
- Genus Alpinia
- Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm., not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Genus Hedychium
- Hedychium coccineum Buch.-Ham. ex Sm., not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
- Hedychium coronarium J.Konig, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Hedychium flavescens Roscoe, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Hedychium gardnerianum Ker Gawl., not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
- Genus Siphonochilus
- Siphonochilus aethiopicus (Schweinf.) B.L.Burtt, indigenous
- Siphonochilus natalensis (Schltr. & K.Schum.) J.M.Wood & Franks, accepted as Siphonochilus aethiopicus (Schweinf.) B.L.Burtt, present
Zygophyllales
editList of Zygophyllales of South Africa – Order: Zygophyllales,
One family is represented:
- Family: Zygophyllaceae,[8]
See also
edit- Biodiversity of South Africa – Variety of life within South Africa and its exclusive economic zone
- List of conifers of South Africa – Plants of the class Pinophyta recorded from South Africa
- List of cycads of South Africa – Seed producing vascular plants of the division Cycadophyta recorded from South Africa
- List of hornworts of South Africa – Non-vascular spore-bearing plants in the division Anthocerotophyta recorded from South Africa
- List of liverworts of South Africa – Non-vascular land plants with a gametophyte-dominant life cycle recorded from South Africa
- List of lycophytes of South Africa – Spore bearing vascular plants of the division Lycopodiophyta recorded from South Africa
- List of mosses of South Africa – Small, non-vascular flowerless plants recorded from South Africa
- List of pteridophytes of South Africa – Spore-bearing vascular plants recorded from South Africa
References
edit- ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082. S2CID 44844947.
- ^ Coiro, Mario; Chomicki, Guillaume; Doyle, James A. (August 2018). "Experimental signal dissection and method sensitivity analyses reaffirm the potential of fossils and morphology in the resolution of the relationship of angiosperms and Gnetales". Paleobiology. 44 (3): 490–510. doi:10.1017/pab.2018.23. ISSN 0094-8373. S2CID 91488394.
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Nomenclature crosswalk between names used in Mucina et al. (2007) report and the current book. This crosswalk captures nomenclature changes during the period 2007–2017 in South African taxonomic literature. Current name = name in Mucina et al. (2007) Itea rhamnoides = Choristylis rhamnoides