Waropen is an Austronesian language spoken at the Cendrawasih Bay of Indonesian Papua. It is fairly closely related to the Yapen languages. Dialects are Waropen Kai, Napan, and Ambumi.
| Waropen | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | West Papua and Papua |
Native speakers | (6,000 cited 1987)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | wrp |
| Glottolog | waro1242 |
Phonology
edit| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᵑɡ | |||
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||
| Fricative | f | s | ɣ | (h) | ||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
/w/ can also be heard as a fricative [β].
/h/ may also exist phonemically in other dialects.[2]
Sounds /w, j/ can be heard as vowels [ʊ, ɪ] when after vowel sounds.[3]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | ɛ ~ e | ə | ɔ |
| Open | a |
/ɛ/ may be pronounced as [ɛ] or [e].[2]
Distribution
editIn Papua province, it is spoken in Mamberamo Raya Regency and Waropen Regency. The Ambumi dialect also called Waruri is spoken in Ambumi village in Wondama Bay Regency, West Papua.[4] Waropen is also spoken southwest to the Rombak River mouth.
References
edit- ^ Waropen at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ a b Held, Gerrit J. (1942). Grammatica van het Waropensch (Nederlandsch Noord Nieuw-Guinea). A.C. Nix, Bandoeng.
- ^ Flassy, Don A.L.; Animung, Lisidus; Sawaki, Rachel (1994). Fonologi bahasa Waropen. Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
- ^ Suryawan, I Ngurah (2018-10-27). "Kampung Papua, Antara Eksploitasi dan Konservasi (1)". tatkala.co. Retrieved 2024-06-07.
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